scholarly journals Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Agricultural Soils of Teskelewu Community and Environs Impacted By Gas Flaring in Delta State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1861-1866
Author(s):  
A.A. Enuneku ◽  
B. Kubeyinje
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Gas Flaring ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Living Organisms

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are emerging ubiquitous environmental pollutants with reported carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic potentials on living organisms and humans. The objective of this study was to assess the concentrations of PAHs in agricultural soils of Tsekelewu Community and environs (Egbema Kingdom) in Warri North Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria impacted by gas flaring using gas chromatograph system Agilent 5890 Series 11 gas chromatograph equipped with Flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The results revealed that station 1 and 2 were fairly contaminated; with mean total PAH concentration of 236.40 μg/kg and 279.75 μg/kg respectively. Stations 3, 4, 6, 7 and 9 having mean total PAH concentration of 692.45μg/kg, 726.22 μg/kg, 739.82 μg/kg, 609.38 μg/kg, and 772.99 μg/kg were moderately contaminated. Heavy contamination was recorded in station 5 and station 8 with mean PAH concentrations of 1231.08μg/kg and 1224.33 μg/kg. The dominant PAHs in soil samples were benzo(a)anthracene, phananthrene and chrysene with benzo(a)anthracene having the highest concentration across all sample stations. The PAH concentration observed in this study is thus a serious cause for concern since soil contamination from gas flaring will likely continue. Measures that will attenuate PAHs concentrations in soil should be adopted as farmers are likely exposed by largely inhalation.Keywords: Hydrocarbons; Contamination; Agricultural soils; Gas flaring 

scholarly journals Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon and Metal Concentrations in Imported Canned Maize

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Embbey K Ossai ◽  
Chukwujindu Maxwell Iwegbue ◽  
Elizabeth E. Ajogungbe ◽  
Godswill O Tesi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Concentrations and profile of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) and metals (Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Fe and Mn) were determined in selected brands of canned maize in the Nigeria market with a view to providing information on the hazards associated with the consumption of these products. The measurement of the concentrations of PAHs was carried out by using a gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) after extraction by ultra-sonication with acetone/dichloromethane and clean-up. The 16 PAH concentrations varied between 45.1 and 335.7 µg/kg. The concentrations of the indicators for occurrence and effects of PAHs in food varied from 3.6 to 114.5 µg/kg for BaP, 6.4 to 168.2 µg/kg for PAH2, 11.8 to 232.7 µg/kg for PAH4 and 19.4 to 327.3 µg/kg for PAH8. The concentrations of metals were determined by using atomic absorption spectrometry after acid digestion. The concentrations of metals in these samples ranged from

scholarly journals Source and Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Water from Mboppi River in Douala–Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. p1
Author(s):  
JESSIE EKOKA Christelle Solange ◽  
ZE BILO’O Philemon ◽  
KOM REGONNE Raissa ◽  
NGASSOUM Martin Benoit
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Polluted Environment ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Total Concentrations

Having a source attributed to anthropogenic activities such as incomplete combustion or pyrolysis of organic materials, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are toxic organic pollutants that the ubiquity is no more to be proved. The purpose of this work is to identify and quantify the hydrocarbons pollution of the Mboppi River. Eight (8) samples of water were collected in the river during the dry and the rainy season (4samples for each season). Hydrocarbon fraction was extracted by magnetic agitation of the mixture water/hexane followed by clean-up, fractionation and subsequently, analysis using gas chromatography coupled to a Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). Total concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the samples were ranged between 196.3-1040.19 µg/L in the river. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with more than four rings showed the highest concentrations in the river independently from the seasonal variation while the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with 2 or 3 rings were usually present in low concentrations or sometimes undetectable. From the data, it was also possible to conclude that there is predominance of petroleum sources, and essentially closed to the more industrialized areas. Mboppi River can then be considered as being among the most polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons polluted environment in comparison with some rivers and estuaries.

INCIDENCES OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN ROASTED PLANTAINS OBTAINED WITHIN OSOGBO METROPOLIS, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 539-546
Author(s):  
ABIONA OLUSEYE OLADAPO ◽  
ADEGUNWA ABIODUN ODUNLAMI ◽  
AWOJIDE SHOLA HEZEKIAH ◽  
ANIFOWOSE ADEBANJO JACOB ◽  
TAYO ADENIYI SOLOMON
Keyword(s):  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Total Pahs ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Regulatory Limits ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Extracting Solvent

The present study was conducted to assess the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks of PAHs contamination in roasted plantain collected from three different locations within Osogbo metropolis, Nigeria. The PAHs were extracted using Soxhlet extraction technique with n-hexane and dichloromethane (3:1) as the extracting solvent. A column, packed with silica gel, was used for clean-up process and the levels of the targeted PAHs were determined by a gas chromatograph–flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The result revealed that the concentrations of total PAHs detected in the roasted samples at location A, B, C were 3.958 μg/kg, 3.654 μg/kg and 3.217 μg/kg. The HMW carcinogenic PAHs constitute about 32% of the total PAHs in the roasted plantain samples where benzo(a)pyrene, which is a marker for carcinogenicity, was found to be 9%. Comparing these results with the regulatory limits, all the analyzed roasted plantain samples were found below the maximum residual limit (MRL) of 5 μg/kg, but the calculated carcinogenic risk (CR) presented value greater than 1×10-4, signifying health risk associated with the consumption of the roasted plantain. The major source of the PAHs using diagnostic ratios (Fla/Pyr and Ph/Ant) showed that the charcoal used in roasting is a major contributing factor to the high levels of PAHs detected in the roasted plantain samples.

Enhancement of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons removal during anaerobic treatment of urban sludge

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Trably ◽  
D. Patureau ◽  
J.P. Delgenes
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Bacterial Consortium ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Anaerobically stabilized sewage sludge has potential to partially substitute synthetic fertilizers. The main risk with the recycling of urban sludge on agricultural soils is the accumulation of unwanted products, such as trace metals and organic micropollutants. In this context, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are particularly monitored because of their toxic properties at low concentrations and their high resistance to biological degradation. The aim of the present study was to optimize PAHs removal during anaerobic digestion of contaminated sewage sludge. Thirteen PAHs were monitored in laboratory-scale anaerobic bioreactors under mesophilic (35°C) and thermophilic (55°C) methanogenic conditions. Abiotic losses were statistically significant for the lightest PAHs, such as fluorene, phenanthrene and anthracene. It was shown that PAH removal was due to a specific biological activity. Biological PAHs removal was significantly enhanced by an increase of the temperature from 35°C to 55°C, especially for the heaviest PAHs. Bioaugmentation experiment was also performed by addition of a PAH-adapted bacterial consortium to a non-acclimated reactor. Significant enhancement of PAHs removal was observed. It was finally shown that PAH removal efficiencies and methanogenic performances were closely linked. The rate of biogas production may be used as an indicator of bacterial activity on PAH removal.

scholarly journals Application of Programmed Temperature Vaporization Large Volume Injection Gas Chromatography (PTV-LVI-GC) to the Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Soils

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Delgadillo-Marín ◽  
Araceli Peña-Álvarez ◽  
Mario Villalobos Villalobos
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Large Volume Injection ◽  
Method Performance ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Programmed Temperature Vaporization

A sensitive, selective and robust method was developed to quantify low levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils by means of Programmed Temperature Vaporization - Large Volume Injection (PTV-LVI) coupled to gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Optimal vent pressure and flux at the PTV inlet of the GC system were determined by comparison of peak areas obtained from injection of a standard PAHs mixture at different conditions. Assessment of method performance was carried out with home-made standards prepared by spiking three non-PAH contaminated soils that contained 1.8%, 4.6% and 25% natural organic matter (NOM), with mixtures of six different PAHs at low concentration levels. Detection limits between 9 and 12 ng g<sup>-1</sup> and variation coefficients below 11% were determined from analysis of spiked samples of the soil with lowest NOM content. PAHs recoveries typically ranged from 61% to 96% for the three studied soils.

Risk assessment and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in agricultural soils of Huanghuai plain, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 304-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Yang ◽  
Nandong Xue ◽  
Lingli Zhou ◽  
Fasheng Li ◽  
Xin Cong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document