scholarly journals Current trends in welding flux development

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-251
Author(s):  
A.D. Adeyeye
Keyword(s):  
Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Current Response ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Metal Quality ◽  
Continuous Response ◽  
Welding Flux ◽  
Metal Arc Welding

Welding flux makes significant contribution to weld-metal quality, productivity of welding process and rapid deployment of new materials. Deployment of new materials has been hampered because of lengthy trial-and-test experiments and paucity of methodology for modelling and optimisation in the traditional welding flux development. This paper discussed the contributions made to mitigate the drawbacks of traditional welding flux development in areas of experimentations, prediction modelling and optimisation. Limitations of current efforts were identified and suggested for future research, namely (i) current response models are limited to well-behaved flux systems and do not account for edge and additive effects of flux ingredients (ii) non-incorporation of stakeholder’s preferences concerning the relative importance of quality attributes (iii) lack of prediction and optimisation tools for determining optimal coating factor and flux heights for Shielded Metal Arc Welding and Submerge Arc Welding respectively and (iv) non-continuous response functions and concave regions of the trade-off surface are not considered.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the quality of the shielded metal arc welding process using speckle interferometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Maia Prado ◽  
Daniel José Toffoli ◽  
Sidney Leal Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Arc Welding ◽  
Speckle Pattern ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Time History ◽  
Speckle Interferometry ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Arc Welding Process

Speckle, which is a branch of optics that studies the interference pattern caused by the incidence of coherent light in a material’s surface, has some optical techniques and methods that can be successfully applied to determine properties of materials. In this work we used the method called THSP, Time History Speckle Pattern, in samples made of AISI 1020 carbon steel that were submitted to the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process, with the objective of identifying (qualitatively) the level of irregularity on its welded surface, by comparing these samples with a default sample, made with the same material. The technique of spekle by reflection was used for data collection. The results showed quantitative diferences between the default welded sample and the other samples, and there are good perspectives that speckle can be applied to determine the quality of the welding process, since the results showed more accuracy than visual inspection.  

A Study of Software Approach for Predicting Weld Bead Geometry in Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 554 ◽  
pp. 386-390
Author(s):  
C.W. Mohd Noor ◽  
Manuhutu Ferry ◽  
W.B. Wan Nik
Keyword(s):  
Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Weld Bead ◽  
Bead Geometry ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Weld Bead Geometry ◽  
Bead Width ◽  
Real Process ◽  
Metal Arc Welding

The prediction of the optimal weld bead width is an important aspect in shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process as it is related to the strength of the weld. This paper focuses on investigation of the development of the simple and accurate model for prediction of weld bead geometry. The experiment used welding current, arc length, welding speed, welding gap and electrode diameter as input parameters. While output parameters are bead width, depth of penetration and weld reinforcement. A number of 33 mild steel plate specimens had undergone the SMAW welding process. The experimental data was used to develop mathematical models using SPSS software. The actual and predicted values of the weld bead geometry are compared. The proposed models shows positive correlation to the real process.

Strategies for Controlling Welding Fumes at the Source - A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 592-594 ◽  
pp. 2539-2545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreejith Mohan ◽  
S.P. Sivapirakasham ◽  
P. Bineesh ◽  
K. K. Satpathy
Keyword(s):  
Arc Welding ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Gas Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Welding Fumes ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
New Research

Exposure to welding fumes and its related hazards has always been a matter of serious concern. The mass and composition of fumes from welding depends on several factors. A detailed knowledge of these factors is necessary for understanding the mechanism of fume formation and developing suitable control strategies. This paper gives a literature overview on the various factors affecting welding fumes and strategies for controlling it. The paper focus on types of welding process like Manual Metal Arc Welding (MMAW) or Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), Flux Core Arc Welding (FCAW), Gas and Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW). The research in the area of controlling fumes at the source has grown rapidly recently. Still, effective methods have hardly been explored. Improving arc stability by addition of materials with low ionization potential to the welding electrode lead to promising new research directions.

scholarly journals Shielded Metal Arc and Thermite Welding Effect to Residual Stress, Hardness and Crack of R54-Rail Weld Joint

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yurianto ◽  
Gunawan Dwi Haryadi ◽  
Sri Nugroho ◽  
Sulardjaka ◽  
Susilo Adi Widayanto
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Crack Susceptibility

The heating and cooling at the end of the welding process can cause residual stresses that are permanent and remain in the welded joint. This study aims to evaluate the magnitude and direction of residual stresses on the base metal and heat-affected zone of rail joints welded by the manual shielded metal arc and thermite welding. This research supports the feasibility of welding for rail. The material used in this study is the R-54 rail type, and the procedure used two rail samples of one meter long each, welded using manual shielded metal arc welding and thermite welding. The base metal and heat-affected zone of the welded joints were scanned with neutron ray diffraction. The scan produces a spectrum pattern and reveals the direction of the residual stress along with it. We found the strain value contained in both types of welded joints by looking at the microstrain values, which we obtained using the Bragg equation. The results show that the magnitude and direction of the residual stress produced by manual shielded metal arc welding and thermite welding are not the same. Thermite welding produces lower residual stress (lower crack susceptibility) than manual shielded metal arc welding. The melt's freezing starts from the edge to the center of the weld to create random residual stresses. The residual stress results of both the manual shielded metal arc welding and thermite welding are still below the yield strength of the base metal.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Welding Process on the Ultrasonic Inspection of 9%Ni Steel Pipe Circumferential Welded Joints

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 961
Author(s):  
João da Cruz Payão Filho ◽  
Elisa Kimus Dias Passos ◽  
Rodrigo Stohler Gonzaga ◽  
Daniel Drumond Santos ◽  
Vinicius Pereira Maia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Welded Joints ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Gas Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Ultrasonic Inspection ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Co2 Injection ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Scanning Angle ◽  
Metal Arc Welding

This work aims to compare the ultrasonic inspection of 9%Ni steel joints welded with the Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process and Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) process. These are the two most widely used processes used to weld pipes for CO2 injection units for floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) in the Brazilian oil and gas industry. The SMAW equipment is simple and portable, which is convenient for the FPSO; however, the GMAW process has the advantage of welding with high productivity. In this study we performed a numerical simulation using the software CIVA, 11th version, to analyze the behavior of ultrasonic longitudinal wave beams through GMAW and SMAW dissimilar weld joints. Ultrasonic tests were performed on calibration blocks drawn from both welded joints to evaluate the simulation results. The results are discussed with regard to the microstructure of the weld metal via electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analyses. The SMAW process presented better inspection performance than the GMAW process in terms of attenuation and dispersion effects. Although the SMAW had a better outcome, for both processes the configuration of 16 active elements and a scanning angle of 48° resulted in an optimized inspection of the entire joint.

scholarly journals Corrosion Behavior of CW6MC Nickel Cast Alloy (Inconel 625) Welded by Shielded Metal Arc Welding

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1286
Author(s):  
Guilherme dos Santos Vacchi ◽  
Rodrigo Silva ◽  
Cristie Luis Kugelmeier ◽  
Claudio Beserra Martins Júnior ◽  
Isabela Dainezi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Cast Alloy ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Inconel 625 ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Electrochemical Tests ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Columnar Grains

The aim of this study concerns the effect of multi-pass shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) on the corrosion behavior of CW6MC cast nickel alloy. Using optical and SEM techniques the welded joint is analyzed. Vickers microhardness mapping and potentiodynamic polarization in NaCl and H2SO4 solutions are also evaluated. Both the Laves phase and NbC-type carbides are identified in the base metal (BM) and weld metal (WM) regions. The main microstructural difference observed between these regions is the morphology aspect and fineness of the dendritic arrays. The welding process promotes the finer columnar grains formation with refined intermetallic particles in the WM than equiaxed grains of the BM, which in turn results in higher microhardness values in the former region. However, no substantial changes were observed in the corrosion behavior between the BM and WM regions, considering both acid and saline media. Nevertheless, during the multi-pass SMAW process, some non-metallic micrometric inclusions (Mo and S-rich regions) can be constituted to occur in the WM region. This is associated with a significant drop in the corrosion performance of this region when the electrochemical tests are evaluated.

scholarly journals Analysis Of Mechanical Properties SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) Welding Joints Of Portable Electric Hydraulic Jack Frame

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Andika Wisnujati ◽  
Juni Andryansyah
Keyword(s):  
Arc Welding ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Welding Current ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Repair Work ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Cooling Media

Welding is a very important part of the development and growth of the industry because it has a role in engineering, reparation, and construction. Shielded   Metal   Arc Welding (SMAW) or the conventional arc welding   process is particularly dominant in structural joints, pressure vessels and in maintenance and repair work. In welding, different metals are joined economically and at a much faster rate as compared with other fabrication processes like riveting and casting. The purpose of this research is to find out the cooling media cooler against SMAW smelter tensile strength by using the E6013 electrode. This study uses low carbon steel material that has levels Fe = 98,3%; C = 0,30%, Si = 0,23%. The material is given 75A welding current with cooling variation on the connection result using oil, water, and room temperature. The highest tensile stress value obtained in the oil cooling treatment was 844,76 N/mm2, the highest strain value was obtained on the raw materials of 16%, the highest elasticity value was obtained in the oil cooling treatment of 703.96 N/mm2. According to the research results can be concluded that the variations of cooling media greatly affect the strength of the welding connection.

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