Effect of the seed oil of three Botanicals, Jatropha curcas (L), Helianthus annus (L) and Cocos nucifera (L) on the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Mots)

Abstract A laboratory evaluation was carried out to determine the efficacy and phytochemical composition of powdered seeds of Physic nut Jatropha curcas, Yellow oleander Thevetia peruviana and West African black pepper Piper guineense at different dosages (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 g) for the management of Sitophilus zeamais. Treatments were mixed with 50 g of maize and infested with 10 adult S. zeamais in 200 ml air-tight glass vials and kept under ambient conditions (25-30°C and 70-90 RH) for a period of 28 days in August 2015. The trial was laid out in a completely randomized design in four replicates. Results from data analyses showed that treated maize grains in storage recorded significantly (P < 0.05) higher mean mortality levels of adult S. zeamais than the untreated controls. However, there were no significant differences in mean mortality of the weevil at 7, 14, 21 and 28 DAT, except on those stored only for 1 DAT. Batches treated with higher doses (10.0, 7.5, 5.0 g) suffered a higher total mortality of adult S. zeamais; this was significantly (P < 0.05) higher compared with treatments using smaller dosages (2.5 and 0.0 g). Phytochemical analysis of treatments revealed high levels of alkaloids, tannins and phenols in all the plant extracts. The flavonoid contents were also high in Piper guineense and Permethrin, but lower in Jatropha curcas and Thevetia peruviana. These compounds are known to possess insecticidal properties that may have been responsible for the mortality of Sitophilus zeamais.

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Efficacy of combining Niger seed oil with malathion 5% dust formulation on maize against the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Journal of Stored Products Research ◽

10.1016/j.jspr.2008.09.003 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 67-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Ahmed Ibrahim Yuya ◽

Abraham Tadesse ◽

Ferdu Azerefegne ◽

Tadele Tefera

Keyword(s):

Seed Oil ◽

Sitophilus Zeamais ◽

Maize Weevil ◽

Niger Seed

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Efficacy evaluation of common botanicals to manage maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais M) in laboratory condition

Farming and Management ◽

10.31830/2456-8724.2018.0002.20 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Keyword(s):

Laboratory Condition ◽

Sitophilus Zeamais ◽

Efficacy Evaluation ◽

Maize Weevil

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Biopesticidal Extractives and Compounds from Warburgia ugandensis against Maize Weevil (Sitophilus zeamais)

The Natural Products Journal ◽

10.2174/2210315505666150916000539 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 236-243

Author(s):

Sylvia A. Opiyo ◽

Lawrence O. A. Manguro ◽

Dorothy A. Okoth ◽

Anjeline A. Ochung ◽

Charles O. Ochieng

Keyword(s):

Sitophilus Zeamais ◽

Maize Weevil

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Effects of Essential Oils from 24 Plant Species on Sitophilus zeamais Motsch (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12060532 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 532

Author(s):

William R. Patiño-Bayona ◽

Leidy J. Nagles Galeano ◽

Jenifer J. Bustos Cortes ◽

Wilman A. Delgado Ávila ◽

Eddy Herrera Daza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Chemical Control ◽

Sitophilus Zeamais ◽

Contact Toxicity ◽

Stored Products ◽

Collateral Damage ◽

Maize Weevil ◽

Active Constituents ◽

Insect Mortality ◽

Sitophilus Zeamais Motsch

Chemical control of the maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) has been ineffective and presents serious collateral damage. Among plant-derived insecticides, essential oils (EOs) are suitable candidates to control this stored products pest. In this work, the insecticidal activities of 45 natural EOs against S. zeamais adults were screened, and the most promising ones (24 EOs) were characterized by GC–MS. The repellent and toxic effects (contact and fumigant) of these 24 EOs were determined, and by a cluster analysis they were classified into two groups considering its fumigant activity and contact toxicity. For the EOs with the highest fumigant potential (14 oils) and their main active constituents (17 compounds), lethal concentrations were determined. The most active EOs were those obtained from L. stoechas and L. alba, with LC50 values of 303.4 and 254.1 µL/L air and characterized by a high content of monoterpenes. Regarding the major compounds, the oxygenated monoterpenes R-(+)-pulegone (LC50 = 0.580 mg/L air), S-(-)-pulegone (LC50 = 0.971 mg/L air) and R-(-)-carvone (LC50 = 1.423 mg/L air) were the most active, as few variations in their concentrations significantly increased insect mortality.

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Effect of X-ray irradiation on the F1 generation of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky and the germination rate of maize grain

The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology ◽

10.1186/s41936-021-00225-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 82 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sobifagha Princess Bell-Gam ◽

Luke Chinaru Nwosu ◽

Kayode David Ileke ◽

Uwaoma Otuodichinma Aguwa

Keyword(s):

Germination Rate ◽

Seed Viability ◽

Control Process ◽

Progressive Increase ◽

Sitophilus Zeamais ◽

Maize Weevil ◽

Maize Production ◽

X Ray ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Flour Production

Abstract Background The use of X-ray irradiation in the control of the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) infesting stored maize was tested at 60, 70 and 80 KeV as part of the international concerted efforts to save maize production and enhance food security. Investigations were done in the laboratory at mean temperature and relative humidity of 29.2 °C and 75.7%, respectively using three varieties of maize. The possibility that X-ray irradiation can affect the viability of maize grains when planted after weevil control process was also evaluated in the laboratory. Standard methods were used to achieve the specific objectives, and X-ray machine snap constituted the exposure time for each dose. Results The results revealed 10% mortality of adult weevils after 24 h and 40% mortality after a period of 7 days. The result indicates moderate effect on mortality. Progressive increase in mortality was recorded as dose increased from 60 to 80 KeV. X-ray irradiation at the doses tested did not significantly (P > 0.05) restrict S. zeamais emergence from maize grains and did not also significantly protect grains against damage and flour production. There was no difference in the pattern of daily emergence of new progenies and pattern of accumulated emergence. The relationship between X-ray irradiation doses and weight of emerging progenies require more specific analysis. Absence of significant difference between the viability of irradiated grains and un-irradiated grains strongly suggests that X-ray irradiation did not adversely affect seed viability, and this gives irradiation technique an opportunity of higher acceptability in agriculture. Conclusions We recommend > 80 KeV of X-ray irradiation or its incorporation into integrated pest management system in order to achieve effective post-harvest control of the pest.

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Convolutional Neural Networks Using Enhanced Radiographs for Real-Time Detection of Sitophilus zeamais in Maize Grain

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10040879 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 879

Author(s):

Clíssia Barboza da Silva ◽

Alysson Alexander Naves Silva ◽

Geovanny Barroso ◽

Pedro Takao Yamamoto ◽

Valter Arthur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neural Networks ◽

Convolutional Neural Networks ◽

Prediction Models ◽

Sitophilus Zeamais ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Storage Pests ◽

Maize Weevil ◽

X Ray ◽

Precise Control ◽

X Ray Imaging

The application of artificial intelligence (AI) such as deep learning in the quality control of grains has the potential to assist analysts in decision making and improving procedures. Advanced technologies based on X-ray imaging provide markedly easier ways to control insect infestation of stored products, regardless of whether the quality features are visible on the surface of the grains. Here, we applied contrast enhancement algorithms based on peripheral equalization and calcification emphasis on X-ray images to improve the detection of Sitophilus zeamais in maize grains. In addition, we proposed an approach based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to identity non-infested and infested classes using three different architectures; (i) Inception-ResNet-v2, (ii) Xception and (iii) MobileNetV2. In general, the prediction models developed based on the MobileNetV2 and Xception architectures achieved higher accuracy (≥0.88) in identifying non-infested grains and grains infested by maize weevil, with a correct classification from 0.78 to 1.00 for validation and test sets. Hence, the proposed approach using enhanced radiographs has the potential to provide precise control of Sitophilus zeamais for safe human consumption of maize grains. The proposed method can automatically recognize food contaminated with hidden storage pests without manual features, which makes it more reliable for grain inspection.

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