scholarly journals Serum Sestrin2 and PlGF levels in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia and their correlations with the severity of the disease: A case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Lijun Li ◽  
Zhen Sun ◽  
Shasha Liu ◽  
Hongyan Cui
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Severity Prediction ◽  
Control Study

Purpose: Sestrin2, a metabolic regulator with antioxidant activity, might have some certain predictability for the occurrence and severity of pre-eclampsia (PE). The purpose of this work was to explore the levels of serum Sestrin2 and PlGF in pregnant women with PE and their correlation with the severity index of the disease.Methods:This was a retrospective case-control study of pregnant women with PE who planned to give birth in our hospital from 05/2017 to 05/2019. Pearson correlation was used to analyze Sestrin2 and PlGF levels with PE severity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the predictive value of Sestrin2 and PlGF for PE.Results: There were 52 women in the control group, 46 in the mild PE group, and 36 in the severe PE group. As the severity of PE increased, the median levels of Sestrin2 increased (8.1, 9.8, and 11.8 ng/ml), and the levels of PlGF decreased (156, 117, and 67 pg/ml) in the three groups of women (all P<0.05).The levels of Sestrin2 and PlGF were strongly correlated with mean arterial pressure,proteinuria, newborn birth weight and gestational weeks at delivery (all P<0.001). Sestrin2 and PlGF had high efficiency of diagnosing PE (cut-off: 8.90 ng/ml, Area Under Curve [AUC]=0.979; cut-off: 122.50 pg/ml, AUC=0.963). Additionally, Sestrin2 and PlGF showed high value of severity prediction (cut-off: 11.15 ng/ml, AUC=0.857; cut-off: 68.50 pg/ml, AUC=0.837).Conclusion: Sestrin2 and PlGF are correlated with the severity of PE. Both Sestrin2 and PlGF had high value for PE diagnosis and severity prediction. Keywords: pre-eclampsia; Sestrin2; placental growth factor; oxidative stress; severity 

Assessment of Craniofacial Morphology in Mouth Breathing Children. A retrospective case-control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 3649-3653
Author(s):  
David Angelescu ◽  
Teodora Angelescu ◽  
Meda Romana Simu ◽  
Alexandrina Muntean ◽  
Anca Stefania Mesaros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Oral Breathing ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Control Study

The aim of this retrospective case-control study is to determine a possible correlation between breathing mode and craniofacial morphology. The study was carried out in the Department of Pedodontics,Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The sample comprised 80 patients, age between 6 and 13 years, which were divided in two groups based on respiratory pattern: control group composed of 38 nasal breathing children and case group composed of 42 oral breathing children. Three quantitative craniofacial parameters were measured from the frontal and lateral photos: facial index, lower facial height ratio and upper lip ratio. The statistical analysis showed a significant higher facial index (p=0.006*) and an increase lower facial height (p=0.033*) for the oral breathers group. No differences in facial morphology were found between genders and age groups, when comparing the data between the same type of respiratory pattern children. Spearman�s rho Correlation show a significant positive correlation (p=0.002*) between facial index and lower facial height and a significant negative correlation between facial index and upper lip (p=0,005*). Long faces children are more likely to develop oral breathing in certain conditions, which subsequently have a negative effect on increasing the lower facial height by altering the postural behavior of mandible and tongue.

Whole-Field Indocyanine Green Intensity Analysis to Intraoperatively Predict Cerebral Hyperperfusion Syndrome Following Superficial Temporal Artery-Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass: A Retrospective Case-Control Study in 7-Year Experience With 112 Cases

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosuke Sato ◽  
Tatsuya Sugiyama ◽  
Tohru Mizutani
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Superficial Temporal Artery ◽  
Temporal Artery ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intensity Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Cerebral Hyperperfusion Syndrome ◽  
Cerebral Hyperperfusion ◽  
Control Study

Abstract BACKGROUND Intraoperative prediction of postoperative cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (CHS) after cerebrovascular bypass surgery is challenging. OBJECTIVE To conduct a retrospective case-control study with indocyanine green (ICG) intensity analysis of the superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass and investigate whether its washout pattern might be a marker for intraoperative prediction of CHS. METHODS Between 2012 and 2018, 6 of 112 patients (5.4%) that underwent STA-MCA bypass exhibited CHS. We selected 5 patients with CHS (3 with atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease [ASCVD] and 2 with moyamoya) and 15 patients without CHS (60% ASCVD and 40% moyamoya) as a matched control group. During prebypass and postbypass, washout times (WTs) for the first 10%, 25%, 50%, and 75% of maximum ICG intensity measured in the whole-camera field were compared between groups. The changes in WT (ΔWT) from prebypass to postbypass for each ICG intensity level were compared between groups. The cutoff ΔWTs, sensitivities, and specificities were also calculated. RESULTS Postbypass WTs were significantly longer in the CHS group than the control group at all ICG intensities (P < .05). ΔWT was significantly greater in the CHS group than the control group for the first 10%, 25%, and 50% ICG intensities (P < .001). A cutoff ΔWT of ≥2.66 s for the first 50% ICG intensity showed a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 100%. CONCLUSION We found that a ΔWT ≥2.66 s for the first 50% ICG intensity could be an intraoperative predictive factor for CHS.

scholarly journals Association between Birth Plan Use and Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Southern Spain: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 456
Author(s):  
Pedro Hidalgo-Lopezosa ◽  
Ana María Cubero-Luna ◽  
Andrea Jiménez-Ruz ◽  
María Hidalgo-Maestre ◽  
María Aurora Rodríguez-Borrego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Neonatal Resuscitation ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Apgar Scores ◽  
Primiparous Women ◽  
Control Study

Background: Birth plans are used for pregnant women to express their wishes and expectations about childbirth. The aim of this study was to compare obstetric and neonatal outcomes between women with and without birth plans. Methods: A multicentre, retrospective case–control study at tertiary hospitals in southern Spain between 2009 and 2013 was conducted. A total of 457 pregnant women were included, 178 with and 279 without birth plans. Women with low-risk gestation, at full-term and having been in labour were included. Sociodemographic, obstetric and neonatal variables were analysed and comparisons were established. Results: Women with birth plans were older, more educated and more commonly primiparous. Caesarean sections were less common in primiparous women with birth plans (18% vs. 29%, p = 0.027); however, no significant differences were found in instrumented births, 3rd–4th-degree tears or episiotomy rates. Newborns of primiparous women with birth plans obtained better results on 1 min Apgar scores, umbilical cord pH and advanced neonatal resuscitation. No significant differences were found on 5 min Apgar scores or other variables for multiparous women. Conclusions: Birth plans were related to less intervention, a more natural process of birth and better outcomes for mothers and newborns. Birth plans can improve the welfare of the mother and newborn, leading to birth in a more natural way.

Pregnancy outcomes in adolescents: a case-control study in the West of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Khazaei ◽  
Saeid Bashirian ◽  
Akram Bathaei ◽  
Mohadese Sadri ◽  
Fateme Shirani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Adolescent Pregnancy ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
The West ◽  
Adolescent Women ◽  
Control Study

Background: Adolescent pregnancy, pregnancy in women aged between 13-19 years, is considered a major health problem. Objective: This study was performed to determine the maternal, perinatal, and neonatal outcomes of adolescent pregnancies. Materials and Methods: The present hospital-based case-control study was performed on pregnant women who were referred to Fatemieh Hospital in Hamadan City for delivery. The case group was pregnant women whose gestational age was less than 19 years (adolescent pregnancy) and the control group included pregnant women whose gestational age was at 19-35 years (adult women pregnancy). Data were analyzed using Stata software version 14. The significant level was considered less than 0.05. Results: The unwanted pregnancy was significantly higher in adolescent women (45% vs. 28.5%, P=0.002). 18% of adolescent women had the experience of spouse violence compared to 4.25% in the control group (P<0.001). Accessing prenatal care and supplements were significantly higher in adult women (P<0.05). The adult mothers had significantly higher cesarean section delivery compared adolescent group (54.91% vs. 33%, P<0.001). Also, there was a significant association between postpartum hemorrhages and the study group (22% in cases compared to 13.75% in the control group, P=0.04). The Apgar score 1 minute was significantly higher in adult mothers (8.05±2.08 vs. 7.39±2.05, P<0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, adolescent mothers in the west of Iran had a higher risk of inadequate prenatal care, low Apgar score and postpartum hemorrhage. Therefore, society should focus on public health policies that can improve the adequacy of prenatal care among adolescents.

scholarly journals Analisis Faktor Fetus dan Tali Pusat terhadap Risiko Asphyxia Perinatal di Surakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Siti Lestari ◽  
Dyah Dwi Astuti ◽  
Fachriza Malika Ramadhani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Fetal Position ◽  
Control Study

Asfiksia perinatal merujuk pada kekurangan oksigen selama persalinan, sehingga berpotensi menyebabkan kematian dan kecacatan. WHO memperkirakan  4 juta anak terlahir dengan asfiksia setiap tahun, dimana 1 juta di antaranya meninggal dan 1 juta anak bertahan hidup dengan gejala sisa neurologis yang parah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko fetal dan tali pusat pada asfiksia neonatal.Penelitian dilakukan di lakukan di RS Dr Moewardi Surakarta dengan pendekatan  quantitative retrospective case control study. Data diambil dari rekam medis antara  tahun 2013-2018. Penelitan ini melibatkan  264 neonatal yang terdiri dari 88 kelompok kasus dan 176  kelompok control. Kelompok kasus adalah bayi dengan diagnosa  asfiksia yang  dilakukan analisis terhadap faktor risiko fetal, sedangkan bayi yang tidak mengalami asfiksia dijadikan  kelompok kontrol. Hasil analisis statistik uji Chi-Square dan Fisher Exact ditemukan bahwa  kelahiran prematur (OR 2,07 CI 95% P 0,02), persalinan dengan tindakan (OR 3,61 CI 95% P 0,00), berat bayi (OR 2,85 CI 95% P 0,00), posisi janin (OR 2,37 CI 95% P 0,05), tali pusat ( QR 3,071 CI 95%  P 0,01)  berisiko terhadap insiden asfiksia perinatal. Air ketuban yang bercampur meconium (OR 1,51 CI 95% P 0,16) tidak memiliki risiko  dengan Asfiksia perinatal. Kesimpulan: Risiko terhadap insiden asfiksia perinatal  meliputi kelahiran prematur, persalinan dengan tindakan, berat bayi, posisi janin,  dan tali pusat.Perinatal asphyxia refers to a lack of oxygen during labor, which has the potential to cause death and disability. WHO estimates  4 million children born with asphyxia each year, in  which 1 million dies and 1 million survive with severe neurological sequelae. This study aims to analyze fetal and umbilical risk factors in neonatal asphyxia.This research is a quantitative retrospective case-control study, which was conducted at The Dr. Moewardi  hospital,  Surakarta. Data was taken from  medical records from 2013-2018. The case group was patients diagnosed  asphyxia, while those who did not experience asphyxia were treated as a control group.  A total of 264  samples, consisting of 88 case group respondents and 176 control group respondents. Statistical analysis Chi- Square and Fisher Exact found that preterm birth (OR 2.07 CI 95% P 0.02), labor with instrument or complication (OR 3.61 CI 95% P 0.00), infant weight (OR 2.85 CI 95% P 0, 00), fetal position (OR 2.37 CI 95% P 0.05), umbilical cord (QR 3.071 CI 95% P 0.01) are at risk for the incidence of perinatal Asphyxia. The amniotic fluid mixed with meconium (OR 1.51 CI 95% P 0.16) has no risk with perinatal asphyxia.The risk factors of incidences of perinatal asphyxia were  preterm birth, labor with instrument or complication, baby weight, fetal position and umbilical cord. 

Evaluating the efficacy of topical vancomycin powder in the treatment of open lower extremity fractures

Trauma ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 146040862097814
Author(s):  
Justin Vaida ◽  
Alexander DB Conti ◽  
Justin J Ray ◽  
Daniel A Bravin ◽  
Michelle A Bramer
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Wound Complications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Vancomycin Powder ◽  
Control Study

Introduction Optimal management of lower extremity fractures includes early antibiotics administration, thorough irrigation and debridement, consideration of soft tissue injury, and definitive skeletal management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of topical vancomycin powder in the treatment of open lower extremity fractures. Methods This was a retrospective case control study in which open lower extremity fractures at our institution were reviewed for development of infection (including species and sensitivity if present) and the development of unanticipated wound complications requiring intervention. Patients from 2010-2015 were treated with standard of care consistent with evidence-based literature (IV antibiotics with external fixator, intramedullary nail, etc.). Patients from 2016–18 were additionally treated with vancomycin powder applied directly to the wound before closure. All patients were monitored per the treating surgeon’s standard follow-up protocol and had follow-up of at least two months. Results This retrospective case control study comprised 434 patients. The historical control group (n = 388 patients) and treatment group (n = 46 patients) were similar for age, sex, BMI (body mass index), diabetes, smoking status, and Injury Severity Score (ISS). There were 36 infections (9.28%) in the control group compared to four infections (8.70%) in the vancomycin powder group (p = 0.901). No significant difference was seen after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, diabetes, smoking status, and ISS. The vancomycin powder group experienced significantly more wound complications (15.2%) compared to the control group (6.4%; p = 0.039), which remained significant when adjusting for multiple covariates. Conclusions Topical vancomycin powder did not reduce the infection rate when applied in the surgical site of open lower extremity fractures. Instead, the addition of topical vancomycin powder resulted in significantly more wound complications in patients with open lower extremity fractures.

Negative Interaction between Lithium and Electroconvulsive Therapy – A Case-Control Study

1996 ◽  
Vol 168 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Jha ◽  
G. S. Stein ◽  
P. Fenwick
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Negative Interaction ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Concurrent Use ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Age And Sex

BackgroundConcurrent use of lithium and ECT is suspected to increase neurotoxicity.MethodA retrospective case-control study over an eight-year period was conducted to investigate the adverse effects of a combined lithium/ECT treatment Thirty-one subjects with combined lithium/ECT treatment were compared with a control group (ECT only) of 135 cases matched for age and sex.ResultsMost cases in both groups had no adverse effects. Three (10%) study group subjects and 15 (11 %) controls experienced brief delirium. Three controls and none of the subjects developed a prolonged confusion. There were no significant differences in the profile of other adverse effects between the two groups.ConclusionPrescription of lithium together with ECT was not associated with higher frequency of adverse effects.

Efficacy of small-volume gastrografin videofluoroscopic screening for detecting pharyngeal leaks following total laryngectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-353
Author(s):  
M Narayan ◽  
S Limbachiya ◽  
D Balasubramanian ◽  
N Subramaniam ◽  
K Thankappan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Laryngectomy ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Pharyngocutaneous Fistulae

AbstractObjectivesPharyngocutaneous fistulae are dreaded complications following total laryngectomy. This paper presents our experience using 3–5 ml gastrografin to detect pharyngeal leaks following total laryngectomy, and compares post-operative videofluoroscopy with clinical follow-up findings in the detection of pharyngocutaneous fistulae.MethodsA retrospective case–control study was conducted of total laryngectomy patients. The control group (n = 85) was assessed clinically for development of pharyngocutaneous fistulae, while the study group (n = 52) underwent small-volume (3–5 ml) post-operative gastrografin videofluoroscopy.ResultsIn the control group, 24 of 85 patients (28 per cent) developed pharyngocutaneous fistulae, with 6 requiring surgical correction. In the study group, 24 of 52 patients (46 per cent) had videofluoroscopy-detected pharyngeal leaks; 4 patients (8 per cent) developed pharyngocutaneous fistulae, but all cases resolved following non-surgical management. Patients who underwent videofluoroscopy had a significantly lower risk of developing pharyngocutaneous fistulae; sensitivity and specificity in the detection of pharyngocutaneous fistulae were 58 per cent and 100 per cent respectively.ConclusionSmall-volume gastrografin videofluoroscopy reliably identified small pharyngeal leaks. Routine use in total laryngectomy combined with withholding feeds in cases of early leaks may prevent the development of pharyngocutaneous fistulae.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Treatment with Subcutaneous Injection of Golimumab and Intra-articular Injection of Triamcinolone Acetonide (K-Method) in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Undergoing Switching of Biologics: Retrospective Case–Control Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. CMAMD.S38442
Author(s):  
Katsuaki Kanbe ◽  
Junji Chiba ◽  
Yasuo Inoue ◽  
Masashi Taguchi ◽  
Akiko Yabuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Simultaneous Treatment ◽  
Method Group ◽  
Control Study

Background Tight control of severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in patients with high disease activity, even when using biologics, is sometimes difficult using a treat-to-target strategy. Switching from one biologic to another is associated with lower efficacy than that in treatment-naive cases. We developed the K-method that involves simultaneous treatment with golimumab and intra-articular joint injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) in patients undergoing switching of biologics. We performed this retrospective case–control study to investigate the efficacy of achieving an immediate treatment response using the K-method. Methods This study involved 20 patients with RA (control group, 10 patients; K-method group, 10 patients). Patients in the control group were switched to golimumab from other biologics without intra-articular injection of TA. The K-method involved injection of 1 mL of TA (40 mg/mL) and 2 mL of 1% lidocaine hydrochloride into swollen or painful joints on the same day as golimumab treatment. A quick response one day after treatment was compared between the two groups according to the disease activity score 28 based on C-reactive protein (DAS28 CRP), clinical disease activity index (CDAI), simplified disease activity index (SDAI), European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) response, and remission rate. These parameters were investigated for 24 weeks. Results The K-method group showed significant improvements in DAS28 CRP, CDAI, and SDAI at one day, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks compared with the control group. The number of swollen and tender joints and the patient and doctor global visual analog scale scores were also significantly different between the two groups. The remission rates based on DAS28 CRP were 30% at one day, 50% at 12 weeks, and 60% at 24 weeks in the K-method group. The EULAR good/moderate response rates were 80% at one day, 90% at 12 weeks, and 90% at 24 weeks in the K-method group; however, these rates were only 10%, 40%, and 40%, respectively, in the control group. No adverse events occurred in either group. Conclusion Simultaneous treatment with biologics and intra-articular injection of TA is useful for cases involving switching of biologics for RA. This strategy is safe and practical for RA treatment.

scholarly journals Mode of Delivery in Drug-Dependent Pregnant Women: A Case Control Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Raquel Neves ◽  
Fabiane Neves ◽  
Isabel Santos Silva ◽  
Maria do Céu Almeida ◽  
Pitorra Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Drug Dependent ◽  
Route Of Delivery ◽  
Control Study

Objective. To determine the contribution of drug use during pregnancy to the route of delivery.Methods. A case-control study was conducted at a hospital in Coimbra, Portugal, between 2001 and 2014. Drug-dependent pregnant women (n=236) were compared with a control group of low risk women (n=228) in terms of maternal characteristics, obstetric history, pregnancy complications, and labor details. Factors that influenced the mode of delivery were determined. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS v. 23.0 (IBM Corp.).pvalues < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results. Drug-dependent women presented a lower rate of cesarean delivery (18.2 versus 28.9%,p=0.006). After adjusting for the factors that were significantly related to the mode of delivery, drug dependency influenced the rate of cesarean section (β=0.567; 95% CI = 0.328–0.980). Within the drug-dependent group, the mode of delivery was significantly related to previous cesarean or vaginal delivery (p=0.008andp<0.001, resp.) and fetal presentation (p<0.001), but not with the type of drug, route of administration, or substitution maintenance therapy.Conclusions. The drug-dependent group presented a significantly higher rate of vaginal delivery. However, this was not associated with the behavioral factors analyzed. We hypothesize that other social and psychological factors might explain this difference.

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