Accessory spleens at autopsy: the incidence and the presence of myoepithelial cells in the spleen capsule

The fine structure of the Harderian gland has been described in some animal species (hamster, rabbit, mouse, domestic fowl and albino rats). There are only two reports in the literature dealing on the ultrastructure of rat Harderian gland in adult animals. In one of them the author describes the myoepithelial cells in methacrylate-embbeded tissue, and the other deals with the maturation of the acinar cells and the formation of the secretory droplets. The aim of the present work is to analize the relationships among the acinar cell components and to describe the two types of cells located at the perifery of the acini.

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Ultrastructure of myoepithelial cell in parotid gland

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100103772 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 342-343

Author(s):

C. N. Sun

Keyword(s):

Parotid Gland ◽

Osmium Tetroxide ◽

Individual Cell ◽

Branching Processes ◽

Muscle Cells ◽

Myoepithelial Cells ◽

Uranyl Acetate ◽

Thin Sections ◽

Gland Carcinoma ◽

Parotid Gland Carcinoma

Myoepithelial cells have been observed in the prostate, harderian, apocrine, exocrine sweat and mammary glands. Such cells and their numerous branching processes form basket-like structures around the glandular acini. Their shapes are quite different from structures seen either in spindleshaped smooth muscle cells or skeletal muscle cells. These myoepithelial cells lie on the epithelial side of the basement membrane in the glands. This presentation describes the ultrastructure of such myoepithelial cells which have been found also in the parotid gland carcinoma from a 45-year old patient.Specimens were cut into small pieces about 1 mm3 and immediately fixed in 4 percent glutaraldehyde in phosphate buffer for two hours, then post-fixed in 1 percent buffered osmium tetroxide for 1 hour. After dehydration, tissues were embedded in Epon 812. Thin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. Ultrastructurally, the pattern of each individual cell showed wide variations.

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An Ultrastructural Study of Pericytes

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010010007x ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 66-67

Author(s):

T. M. Murad ◽

E. von Haam

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membrane ◽

Endothelial Cell ◽

Basement Membrane ◽

Blood Vessel ◽

Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽

Myoepithelial Cells ◽

Capillary Blood ◽

The Body ◽

Capillary Blood Vessel ◽

Outer Plasma Membrane

Pericytes are vascular satellites present around capillary blood vessels and small venules. They have been observed in almost every tissue of the body and are thought to be related to vascular smooth muscle cells. Morphologically pericytes have great similarity to vascular endothelial cells and also slightly resemble myoepithelial cells.The present study describes the ultrastructural morphology of pericytes in normal breast tissue and in benign tumor of the breast. The study showed that pericytes are ovoid or elongated cells separated from the endothelial cell of the capillary blood vessel by the basement membrane of endothelial cell. The nuclei of pericytes are often very distinctive. Although some are round, oval, or elongated, others show marked irregularity and infolding of the nuclear membrane. The cytoplasm shows mono-or bipolar extension in which the cytoplasmic organelles are located (Fig. 1). These cytoplasmic extensions embrace the capillary blood vessel incompletely. The plasma membrane exhibits multiple areas of focal condensation called hemidesmosomes (Fig. 2, arrow). A variable number of pinocytotic vesicles are frequently seen lining the outer plasma membrane. Normally pericytes are surrounded by a basement membrane which is found more consistently on the outer plasma membrane separating the pericytes from the stromal connective tissue.

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EFFECT OF LOCALLY IMPLANTED OESTROGEN ON THE RESPONSE OF THE RAT'S LACTATING MAMMARY GLAND TO OXYTOCIN

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0730700 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 73 (4) ◽

pp. 700-712 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. D. Bruce ◽

X. Cofre ◽

V. D. Ramirez

Keyword(s):

Mammary Gland ◽

Mammary Glands ◽

Myoepithelial Cells ◽

Recording System ◽

Saline Infusion ◽

High Dose ◽

Low Doses ◽

Milk Ejection ◽

Lactating Mammary Gland ◽

Small Rise

ABSTRACT On the day following delivery (day 1 of lactation) one abdominal mammary gland was implanted with oestrogen and the contralateral gland received an empty needle. At 2, 5 or 10 days of lactation the rats were anaesthetized with pentobarbital and the nipples of both abdominal glands were cannulated and their pressures recorded by means of transducers coupled to an amplifier and recording system. The normal mammary glands of 5-day lactating rats responded to very low doses of oxytocin (Syntocinon®, Sandoz) (5× 10−8 mU) with a rhythmic elevation in pressure. However, saline infusion also evoked a small rise in intra-mammary pressure. Earlier (2 days) and later (10 days) in lactation the responses were smaller. Oestrogen decreases significantly the milk ejection response to oxytocin, and the effect was maximal at day 10 of lactation. Histological observations confirmed the diminished reaction of the gland to oxytocin, since the milk was retained in the alveoli of rats bearing a mammary-oestrogen implant. A paradoxical rise in pressure was detected in normal as well as in oestrogen-implanted glands when the lowest dose of oxytocin was injected in lactating rats which had previously received a high dose of oxytocin (50 mU or 500 mU). These results reinforce the hypothesis that oestrogen alters the milk ejection response to oxytocin and that the mechanism is probably related to changes in the contractility of the myoepithelial cells.

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Localized peripheral autonomous neuropathy and dysfunctional myoepithelial cells: A novel hypothesis for xerostomia in oral submucous fibrosis

Medical Hypotheses ◽

10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109998 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 144 ◽

pp. 109998

Author(s):

Gargi S. Sarode ◽

Sachin C. Sarode ◽

Amol Gadbail ◽

Shailesh Gondivkar ◽

Shankargouda Patil

Keyword(s):

Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽

Myoepithelial Cells ◽

Submucous Fibrosis

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Handheld gamma probe used to detect accessory spleens during initial laparoscopic splenectomies

Surgical Endoscopy ◽

10.1007/s00464-006-0001-z ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 115-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Umut Barbaros ◽

Ahmet Dinççağ ◽

Yesim Erbil ◽

Selcuk Mercan ◽

Yasemin Sanli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gamma Probe ◽

Accessory Spleens

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A Possible contractile role for myoepithelial cells in the trachea of the Australian snake-necked tortoise,Chelodina longicollis

Journal of Experimental Zoology ◽

10.1002/jez.1402440120 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 244 (1) ◽

pp. 165-170

Author(s):

R. V. Smith ◽

D. K. Hards ◽

D. G. Satchell

Keyword(s):

Myoepithelial Cells ◽

Chelodina Longicollis

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Lactotransferrin-Related Breast Amyloidosis: Report of a First Case

International Journal of Surgical Pathology ◽

10.1177/10668969211016053 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 106689692110160

Author(s):

Mingfei Yan ◽

Mark Rodgers ◽

Aparna Harbhajanka ◽

Hannah Gilmore

Keyword(s):

Breast Lesion ◽

Hematologic Malignancy ◽

Genetic Disorders ◽

Rare Condition ◽

Myoepithelial Cells ◽

Hematological Disorders ◽

First Case ◽

Benign Nature ◽

Extensive Involvement

Breast amyloidosis is a rare condition which is mostly associated with hematological disorders or hereditary genetic disorders. Imaging findings of breast amyloidosis can mimic malignancy, which often leads to biopsy or excision of the lesion. Here, we presented a case of localized lactotransferrin-related breast amyloidosis in an elderly female patient. Histologic examination revealed extensive involvement of breast lobules by amorphous amyloid materials, with attenuation of lobular structures and prominent calcifications. Positive immunostains for myoepithelial cells helped to exclude the possibility of invasive carcinoma. The patient had no hematologic malignancy besides immunoglobulin G lambda monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Mass spectrometry of the breast amyloid identified lactotransferrin and no immunoglobulin or its light chain. On follow-up, the patient showed no recurrence of the breast lesion after local excision nor showed other systematic comorbidities, indicating the benign nature of the lesion. This first report of lactotransferrin-related amyloidosis may represent a special type of localized breast amyloidosis that has no correlation with systematic disorders.

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Impact of PET data driven respiratory motion correction and BSREM reconstruction of 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT for differentiating neuroendocrine tumors (NET) and intrapancreatic accessory spleens (IPAS)

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-80855-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Virginia Liberini ◽

Fotis Kotasidis ◽

Valerie Treyer ◽

Michael Messerli ◽

Erika Orita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽

Motion Correction ◽

Accessory Spleen ◽

Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor ◽

Reconstruction Algorithm ◽

Data Driven ◽

Operating Characteristics ◽

Quantitative Pet ◽

Pet Ct ◽

Accessory Spleens

AbstractTo evaluate whether quantitative PET parameters of motion-corrected 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT can differentiate between intrapancreatic accessory spleens (IPAS) and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET). A total of 498 consecutive patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NET) who underwent 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT between March 2017 and July 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Subjects with accessory spleens (n = 43, thereof 7 IPAS) and pNET (n = 9) were included, resulting in a total of 45 scans. PET images were reconstructed using ordered-subsets expectation maximization (OSEM) and a fully convergent iterative image reconstruction algorithm with β-values of 1000 (BSREM1000). A data-driven gating (DDG) technique (MOTIONFREE, GE Healthcare) was applied to extract respiratory triggers and use them for PET motion correction within both reconstructions. PET parameters among different samples were compared using non-parametric tests. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analyzed the ability of PET parameters to differentiate IPAS and pNETs. SUVmax was able to distinguish pNET from accessory spleens and IPAs in BSREM1000 reconstructions (p < 0.05). This result was more reliable using DDG-based motion correction (p < 0.003) and was achieved in both OSEM and BSREM1000 reconstructions. For differentiating accessory spleens and pNETs with specificity 100%, the ROC analysis yielded an AUC of 0.742 (sensitivity 56%)/0.765 (sensitivity 56%)/0.846 (sensitivity 62%)/0.840 (sensitivity 63%) for SUVmax 36.7/41.9/36.9/41.7 in OSEM/BSREM1000/OSEM + DDG/BSREM1000 + DDG, respectively. BSREM1000 + DDG can accurately differentiate pNET from accessory spleen. Both BSREM1000 and DDG lead to a significant SUV increase compared to OSEM and non-motion-corrected data.

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