Reflections on the Philosophy of the History of Mankind (Johann Gottfried Herder, 1744–1803)

2012 ◽  
pp. 117-123
Keyword(s):  
Johann Gottfried Herder ◽  
History Of

The National and the Universal

2020 ◽  
pp. 368-386
Author(s):  
Sarah Collins
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
John Stuart Mill ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Johann Gottfried Herder ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
The World ◽  
Respective Treatment ◽  
History Of

This chapter examines the continuities between the categories of the “national” and the “universal” in the nineteenth century. It construes these categories as interrelated efforts to create a “world” on various scales. The chapter explores the perceived role of music as a world-making medium within these discourses. It argues that the increased exposure to cultural difference and the interpretation of that cultural difference as distant in time and space shaped a conception of “humanity” in terms of a universal history of world cultures. The chapter reexamines those early nineteenth-century thinkers whose work became inextricably linked with the rise of exclusivist notions of nationalism in the late nineteenth century, such as Johann Gottfried Herder and John Stuart Mill. It draws from their respective treatment of music to recover their early commitment to universalizable principles and their view that the “world” is something that must be actively created rather than empirically observed.

scholarly journals Autobiografia jako narzędzie badań historyka idei. Casus „Wspomnień niezależnego” Richarda Pipesa

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-72
Author(s):  
Anna Citkowska-Kimla
Keyword(s):  
Political Thought ◽  
Samuel Taylor Coleridge ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
Thomas Carlyle ◽  
Johann Gottfried Herder ◽  
Wilhelm Dilthey ◽  
Georg Misch ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Or History

The aim of the article is to develop a research tool for a historian of ideas in the form of an autobiography. It is about framing when a personal document meets the criteria of being a tool for a historian of political thought. The conclusions included the thought that the memories must be meta-considerations on the subject of written autobiography or an analysis of the problem of auto-biography within the framework of the created philosophy or history vision. Examples representing this narrative type were left by, among others, Johann Gottfried Herder, Johann Wolfgang Goethe, Thomas Carlyle, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Friedrich Nietzsche, Benedetto Croce, Robin G. Collingwood, and in Poland Stanisław Brzozowski. The volume of Richard Pipes’ memoirs, Memoirs of a Non-belonger, which is the foundation for the analysis, has also become part of the trend. The most important thinkers who have studied the issue of autobiography in depth include Wilhelm Dilthey and Georg Misch. The conclusions of the analysis are as follows: autobiography has a philosophical and epistemological meaning in the field of knowledge about human nature. In this sense, autobiography becomes part of anthropology, while anthropology is the foundation for the history of ideas, including political thought.

scholarly journals KARL GOTTLOB ANTON AND JOHANN GOTTFRIED HERDER

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-113
Author(s):  
Алексей Алексеевич Лапунов ◽  
Денис Евгеньевич Алимов
Keyword(s):  
Johann Gottfried Herder ◽  
Significant Similarity ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
History Of

Рассматривается вопрос о возможном влиянии труда К.Г. Антона (1751-1818) «Первый опыт описания происхождения, обычаев, нравов, мнений и знаний древних славян» на формирование образа славян в трактате И. Г. Гердера (1744-1803) «Идеи к философии истории человечества». На основании сравнения содержания первого тома труда Антона (1783) и посвященной славянам главы из четвертой части трактата Гердера (1791) делается вывод о значительном сходстве представлений Антона и Гердера о славянах. Показано, что Гердер во многом основывал свои представления о славянах на историческом опыте «вендов», то есть полабских славян (включая лужицких сербов), подробно рассмотренных в труде Антона. The paper examines the question of the possible influence of the work of K. G. Anton (1751-1818) «The first experience of describing the origin, customs, morals, opinions and knowledge of the ancient Slavs» on the formation of the image of the Slavs in the treatise of I. G. Herder (1744-1803) «Ideas for the philosophy of the history of mankind». It is concluded that there is a significant similarity in the ideas of Anton and Herder about the Slavs. It is shown that Herder, like Anton, largely based his ideas about the Slavs on the historical experience of the Wends, that is the Polabian Slavs (including the Lusatian Serbs), examined in detail by Anton.

Aural philology: Herder hears Homer singing

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-424
Author(s):  
Tanvi Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
Johann Gottfried Herder ◽  
Reading Experience ◽  
Cultural Differentiation ◽  
History Of ◽  
German People

Abstract In 1769, Johann Gottfried Herder describes a private reading experience of a remarkably paradoxical nature. He tells us that he can only read ‘his’ Homer properly when he hears Homer singing Greek, while silently reading and translating by means of his German thoughts and mother tongue. Herder’s performative reading is anchored in what I call aural philology, a method innovative in its emphasis on the aural dimension in reconstructively imagining historical epochs. It is one which demarcates cultural difference through practices of listening and their remediation into reading. The problem, for Herder, is how to constitute the particularity of the German people even in affective acts of reading that, however momentarily, suspend cultural differentiation through effects of presence. I distinguish Herder’s philology from Vico and others who emphasized the oral origins of the Homeric epic, along with recent theories of philology as an affective, aurally mediated process. The article is an alternative view on the role of media in enlightenment theories of literature and culture separate from Friedrich Kittler’s Discourse Networks 1800/1900. Herder’s aural philology identifies a moment in the history of aurality and cultural difference, one that does not move fixedly towards modernity.

Race and Its Discontents in the Enlightenment

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin E. H. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Johann Gottfried Herder ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Human Difference ◽  
The One

This chapter surveys some of the more important developments in the history of the concept of race in eighteenth-century Germany. It reveals an inconsistency between the desire to make taxonomic distinctions and a hesitance to posit any real ontological divisions within the human species. This inconsistency was well represented in the physical-anthropological work of Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, who was, in many respects, the most important eighteenth-century theorist of human difference. Johann Gottfried Herder, a contemporary of Blumenbach's, was intensely interested in human diversity, but saw this diversity as entirely based in culture rather than biology, and saw cultural difference as an entirely neutral matter, rather than as a continuum of higher and lower. Herder constitutes an important link between early modern universalism, on the one hand, and on the other the ideally value-neutral project of cultural anthropology as it would begin to emerge in the nineteenth century.

scholarly journals Reconstructing the meaning and function of the concepts of force and form in Johann Gottfried Herder’s “Myśli o filozofii dziejów”

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-103
Author(s):  
Konrad Kopel
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Johann Gottfried Herder ◽  
Instrumental Background ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Function ◽  
Meaning And Function

The work Myśli o filozofii dziejów written by Johann Gottfried Herder contains a reconstruction of the history of mankind as well as theoretical elements. The author focuses on the first two parts of the work due to their analytical character. Theoretical solutions are treated as Herder’s instrumental background. The article is focused on the reconstruction of two concepts identified as key to the subject: “force” and “form”. The author’s thesis is that within Myśli… those terms allow the transition between superordinate, subordinate, and equivalent wholes, as well as the establishment of a conditional status of stability. The article makes it possible to identify the philosopher’s key problems, which the author considers important also in the contemporary scientific discourse.

From the Mine to the Shrine: The Critical Origins of Musical Depth

2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Watkins
Keyword(s):  
German Literature ◽  
Relative Merit ◽  
Johann Gottfried Herder ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Music Journalism ◽  
Linear Sequence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Critical Scrutiny ◽  
Special Force ◽  
Heinrich Wackenroder

In recent years, the analytical concept of structural depth has been subjected to intense critical scrutiny. But amid debates over the relative merit of depth- and surface-oriented modes of listening and analysis, surprisingly little attention has been devoted to the history of the two terms in music journalism. Focusing on the period around 1800, this article examines the entry of the term "depth" into German literature on music and explores the metaphorÕs diverse, even contradictory, meanings. Writers like Wilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder and E. T. A. Hoffmann endorsed the idea, prominent in German Pietism and the criticism of Johann Gottfried Herder, that sound was uniquely able to access the deepest regions of subjectivity. At the same time, such writers began to imagine a musical inner space uncannily similar to the inner space of the listening subject. Unlike earlier aestheticians of a poetic bent, Hoffmann thought that the "deepest" works--works that stirred the soul with special force--required the critic to "penetrate" their "inner structure." Given that earlier technical discourse had treated music essentially as a linear sequence of periods, HoffmannÕs writings exhibit a momentous shift in perspective from the sequential to the vertical. By adding a new dimension to music complementing its axis of horizontal or temporal unfolding, Hoffmann imported the full spectrum of depthÕs meanings, ranging from the scientific to the spiritual, the rational to the irrational, into the modern notion of the masterwork.

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