'The Missing Link': The Recruitment of Women Missionaries in some English Evangelical Missionary Societies in the Nineteenth Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-69
Author(s):  
Peter Williams
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Women Missionaries ◽  
Missing Link ◽  
Missionary Societies

The Soviet Project of the 1930s to Found a “World Literature” and British Literary Internationalism

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-425
Author(s):  
Katerina Clark
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Literary History ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
International Network ◽  
Missing Link ◽  
Republic Of Letters ◽  
Georg Lukacs ◽  
Georg Lukács

Abstract A major lacuna in Pascale Casanova’s account of world literature in her World Republic of Letters is the Soviet venture into establishing a “world literature” (mirovaia literatura) to be centered not in Paris but in Moscow. This aim was most actively pursued between the wars, when many writers were implicated in its international network. This moment in literary history provides a missing link in the progression from the more elitist world literature as conceived by Goethe and others in the early nineteenth century to world literature in our postcolonialist present and era of globalization. This article outlines the networks that sought to foster such a world literature and the main aesthetic controversies within the movement. In particular, the article looks at the efforts of such official spokesmen as Andrei Zhdanov, Karl Radek, and Georg Lukács to proscribe “bourgeois” modernism. It takes members of the British Writers’ International and their associated journals the Left Review and New Writing as case studies in the interplay between Moscow as putative “metropole” and the “periphery.”

The Transition to Christianity in the South Pacific

1946 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 101-120
Author(s):  
W. P. Morrell
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
The South ◽  
Native Peoples ◽  
Christian Missionary ◽  
Missionary Societies

Though the operations of the Christian missionary societies in the nineteenth century are in a general way well known, very rarely do we find a satisfying account of the transition among the native peoples of the mission fields from their old magico-religious beliefs to Christianity. The histories of the missionary societies are full and well documented, but they take too much for granted. The anthropologists give us ideas for which we must be grateful, but we cannot expect them to do the historian's work for him. And surely this subject is of general historical interest.

The Form and Function of Nineteenth-Century Missionary Periodicals: Introduction

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 368-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicity Jensz ◽  
Hanna Acke
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Home Support ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Missionary Work ◽  
Home Community ◽  
Missionary Societies ◽  
The Masses ◽  
And Function ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
The Church

At the 1860 conference on Protestant missions held in Liverpool, a session was dedicated to the use of the reported 200,000 monthly missionary periodicals produced by various societies for encouraging the home support of missionary work. The 125 delegates from more than twenty-five Protestant missionary societies both in Britain and abroad had divergent opinions on the prospective contents and audiences for missionary periodicals. One thing that they did agree upon, however, was their necessity. The Reverend Thomas Green from the Church Missionary Society noted that missionary periodicals provided a means of “influencing” the minds of readers in order to excite the missionary spirit among the home community. The high circulation of missionary periodicals was, according to the Secretary of the Baptist Missionary Society, Reverend Frederick Trestrail, an indication that they provided a source of information that was received willingly and consumed by the masses.

scholarly journals Conversion and Curriculum: Nonconformist Missionaries and the British and Foreign School Society in the British West Indies, Africa and India, 1800–50

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 410-425
Author(s):  
Inge Dornan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
West Indies ◽  
British West Indies ◽  
Religious Persecution ◽  
Elementary Instruction ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
Missionary Societies ◽  
Joseph Lancaster

This article examines the ways in which Nonconformist missionary societies worked hand in hand with the British and Foreign School Society (BFSS) to provide them with pedagogic training in the British System and BFSS teaching manuals and resources, as part of their evangelical mission of conversion in the British West Indies, Africa and India in the nineteenth century. The BFSS appealed to Nonconformist missionaries because it was based on unsectarian pedagogy, pioneered by the educationalist Joseph Lancaster. The article explores the various obstacles these missionaries faced, including the religious persecution they experienced in teaching an unsectarian system and the educational difficulties they experienced in persuading parents and local governments of the value of elementary education. It also draws attention to the ways in which they fought race and sex prejudice in the teaching of Africans, slaves and young girls. The current literature on missionary activities in the early nineteenth century pays scant attention to their role as educators: the article reveals the degree of their educational ambition and zeal and the lengths they went to in order to implement a progressive system of unsectarian elementary instruction in key parts of the British empire during the nineteenth century.

Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 541-554
Author(s):  
Adriaan C. Neele
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Vested Interest ◽  
European Expansion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Missionary Societies

Jonathan Edwards’s attention to Africa cannot go unnoticed, as articulated in his A History of the Work of Redemption. Less attention, however, has been given to the reception of Edwards’s works in Africa. This absence in Edwardsean research is remarkable, as many of his works have been reprinted, translated, and published from the eighteenth century onwards, particularly by those who had a vested interest in missionary movements and societies labouring throughout Africa. In fact, the reception of Edwards’s thought in Africa is primarily through the work of nineteenth-century missionaries and missionary societies—willing or unwilling participants of the colonial European expansion in Africa. Several of his works translated into Arabic, Dutch, English, French, and German found their way from Cairo to Cape Town. This chapter, then, is a preliminary overview from North Africa to Southern Africa of the distribution, use, and appropriation of some of Edwards’s works throughout the continent.

for the Propagation of the Gospel and local associations for promoting dis-ciplined spirituality. Methodist co-option of the form built a bridge to evangelicalism. In Britain the Baptist (1792), London (1795), and Church (1799) Missionary Societies, the Religious Tract Society (1799) and, supremely, the British and Foreign Bible Society (1804) offered Americans well-publicized examples for how rapidly, how effectively and with what reach lay-influenced societies could mobilize to address specific religious and social needs. A few small-scale voluntary societies had been formed in America before the turn of the nineteenth century, but it was only after about 1810 that voluntary societies – as self-created vehicles for preaching the Christian message, distributing Christian literature and bringing scattered Christian exertions together – fuelled the dramatic spread of evangelical religion in America. Many of the new societies were formed within denominations and a few were organized outside the boundaries of evangelicalism, like the American Unitarian Association of 1825. But the most important ones were organized by interdenominational teams of evangelicals for evangelical pur-poses. Charles Foster’s helpful (but admittedly incomplete) compilation of 159 American societies from this era finds 24 founded between 1801 and 1812, and another 32 between 1813 and 1816, with an astounding 15 in 1814 alone. After a short pause caused by the Bank Panic of 1819, the pace of for-mation picked up once again through the 1820s. The best funded and most

2003 ◽  
pp. 158-159
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Christian Literature ◽  
Bank Panic ◽  
Missionary Societies ◽  
Panic Of 1819 ◽  
Christian Message

‘Not Quite Gentlemen’: an Examination of ‘Middling Class’ Protestant Missionaries from Britain, c. 1850–1900

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
The Social ◽  
Union Leaders ◽  
Missionary Societies ◽  
Gospel Message ◽  
The Church ◽  
Religious Understanding

Many missionaries in the nineteenth century came from the lower middle and artisan classes. From this two deductions have been drawn. Firstly, it has been pointed out that these were the social origins of many of the most dynamic and discontented elements of Victorian society, for example, trade union leaders. This parallel has led t o the suggestion that the typical nineteenth-century missionary was a potential radical who could easily become a threat to the status quo. Secondly, the employment of so many men from the skilled mechanic class has been taken to indicate some awareness by missionary administrators of the wider dimensions of the gospel message; that they were concerned with the material as well as the spiritual, with the passing on of practical skills as well as with the inculcating of a new religious understanding. It will be argued below, on the evidence from four British missionary societies, the Church Missionary Society, the London Missonary Society, the Wesleyan Methodist Missionary Society and the China Inland Mission, that these deductions require substantial qualification.

British Missionary Archives and the Asian Historian

1965 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Daniel Potts
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Scientist ◽  
Missionary Societies

The archives of various British missionary societies, whose representatives were scattered throughout large parts of Asia in the nineteenth century and earlier, contain many manuscripts of interest and are potentially useful to the historian and social scientist. With few exceptions, however, scholars have overlooked or ignored these collections: partly because they are not centrally located; partly because they often are inchoate or lack guides; and partly because their value has not been appreciated.

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