Stalin and the Red Army General Staff in the Thirties

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Albert Seaton
Keyword(s):  
General Staff ◽  
Red Army

The former chief of P. N. Wrangel’ staff P. S. Makhrov on the Red Army campaign to Western Ukraine and Western Belarus in 1939

2020 ◽  
pp. 461-471
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Ganin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
World War I ◽  
Russian Civil War ◽  
World War ◽  
General Staff ◽  
Red Army ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
Southern Russia

The memoirs of general P. S. Makhrov are devoted to the events of 1939 and the campaign of the Red army in Western Ukraine and Western Belarus. Pyotr Semyonovich Makhrov was a General staff officer, participant of the Russian-Japanese war, World War I, and the Russian Civil war. In 1918, Makhrov lived in Ukraine, and in 1919-1920 he took part in the White movement in Southern Russia, after which he emigrated. In exile he lived in France, where he wrote his extensive memoirs. The events of September 1939 could not pass past his attention. At that time, the Red army committed approach in Western Ukraine and Western Belarus. Contrary to the widespread Anti-Sovietism among the white emigrants, Makhrov perceived the incident with enthusiasm as a return of Russia to its ancestral lands occupied by the Poles.

‘I’m Writing Entirely from Memory…’: A New Collection of Memoirs on the Beginning of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945

2018 ◽  
pp. 620-629
Author(s):  
Aleksei A. Kilichenkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Standard ◽  
Military History ◽  
General Staff ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
Document Collection ◽  
History Department ◽  
Historical Reflection ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Military

The review of the collection of documents ‘I’m writing entirely from memory ...’ assesses the research potential of this new corps of the Great Patriotic War participants’ memoirs. The novelty of the sources introduced into scientific use is determined by the nature and the composition of the materials, as well as by high standard of archaeographic preparation of the publication. The two-volume collection contains materials of the questionnaire survey of the Red Army formation and unit commanders of the western military districts who had to face the war on June 22, 1941. The survey was conducted by the Military History Department of the General Staff of the Soviet Army in 1949-1956. The document collection compiler publishes not just the answers and the memoirs of the commanders, but also the questions asked by the General Staff, and these he provides with a detailed historical reference. The author of the review analyzes the content and the structure of the questions addressed to commanders and considers them a professional historical reflection of military historians of the late 1940s - early 1950s. An analysis of the contingent of respondents, the circumstances and the time of writing offer a means to see respondents as a collective author. This approach is supported by a detailed biographical data included in the collection. It allows to paint a kind of ‘intellectual portrait’ of the Red Army commanders in the beginning of the Great Patriotic War. The review also attempts to connect volume and contents of the materials with time of their creation and also with posts held by the authors of memoirs and their war-time career. The author underscores the fact that most memoirs and responses were written after 1953, and their size increased considerably over the volume of 1949-1953 materials. Moreover, another correlation has been detected: between the volume of memoirs and answers and the respondents’ promotion in the war-time. The review concludes that the new collection of memoirs has a high research potential for studying the eve and the beginning of the Great Patriotic War.

Walter in the Communist Underground

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
William Klinger ◽  
Denis Kuljiš
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
General Staff ◽  
Special Schools ◽  
Military Schools ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Red Army

This chapter mentions the special schools for military training of revolutionaries, which were opened in the last stages of the Russian Revolution and prepped up students in the Intelligence Department (RU RKKA) of the Red Army General Staff. Between 1927 and 1931, the Comintern's military schools were administered by Tuure Lehén, the son-in-law of the Finnish communist Otto Kuusinen. It discusses Marshal Tito's stay in the Soviet Union until he first disappeared from Moscow in November 1935 and then re-emerged in early September 1936. The chapter recounts Tito's rise in the party hierarchy, which had more to do with the events on the Iberian Peninsula than with those on the Balkan Peninsula. It also refers to survivors of the armed conflict in Spain who would become the backbone of Tito's Partisan army and his Mediterranean operative command.

From a Red Army soldier to a military diplomat

2021 ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
A. Isaenko
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
75Th Anniversary ◽  
General Staff ◽  
Red Army ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Military ◽  
Military Diplomacy

In No. 5/2020 of our magazine, dedicated to the 75th anniversary of the creation of the United Nations, it was mentioned that representatives of the military diplomacy took part in the development of the UN Charter: Rear Admiral Rodionov K. K. and Lieutenant General Slavin N. V. This article refers to another military diplomat who was also part of the Soviet delegation to the San Francisco Conference and actively participated in the preparation of the most important UN document, Lieutenant General Vasiliev A. F., an offi cer of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR.

scholarly journals COSSACK MILITARY FORMATIONS IN OTHER STATES POLICY (1918–1945)

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Komar ◽  
Adam Szymanowicz
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Far East ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
World War ◽  
General Staff ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Red Army ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
Material Conditions

During the civil war in Russia in 1918–1921, the liberation efforts of the Cossacks of Don, Kuban, and Terek were unsuccessful, and their lands were incorporated into the USSR. Their representatives emigrating from their homeland found themselves in difficult material conditions. While in exile, many of them cooperated with Polish and German authorities. Interwar Poland was interested in the use of the Cossacks in the fight against the USSR. The General Staff of the Polish Armed Forces showed particular interest in the Free Cossack movement, as Don, Kuban, and Terek areas were the main places where the Red Army cavalry was formed.The Cossacks who stayed in their homeland experienced tragic times. The introduction of Soviet power also brought with it the elimination of the Cossacks through hunger, repressions, and deportations. However, at the end of the 1930s, the Soviet authorities introduced a new course of policy towards the Cossacks, thereby recognizing the advantages of Cossack military formations in the Red Army. At the beginning of the German-Soviet War in August 1941, the Soviet authorities formed sixteen Cossack cavalry divisions, six of which were immediately sent to the front.During World War II tens of thousands of the Cossacks also fought in German formations on the territory of the USSR. They were used mainly for anti-partisan actions. Due to the support of the Germans, the so-called Cossack State consisting of tens of thousands of Cossacks was created for the refugees from Don. They fought against partisans in Belarus, Poland, Yugoslavia, and Italy. After the capitulation of the Third Reich, the Cossack State, as well as other Cossack formations, found itself on the territory of Austria, and the Cossacks were taken into British captivity. As a result of the British-Soviet agreement, they were turned over to the Soviet authorities, from whose hands death or at best deportation to the camps awaited them.In addition, Cossack military formations were formed in the Far East with the support of Japan, which used them to fight against the USSR.

scholarly journals MOBILIZATION AND MANNING OF THE RED ARMY DURING THE CIVIL WAR IN RUSSIA (1918-1922)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 616-627
Author(s):  
O. L. Makarevich
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
General Staff ◽  
Effective Mechanism ◽  
Soviet Leadership ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Military Administration ◽  
Red Army ◽  
The Military

The article is devoted to the analysis and generalization of the experience of mobilization work of the military administration of the Red Army, received during the Civil War 1918-1922. Historically short period of time is unique in that under emergency conditions of war and economic ruin, in the ring of fronts against the white armies and foreign troops of the interventionists, the Soviet leadership managed to create and establish an overall effective mechanism for manning the Red Army troops. The article considers the evolution of the main mobilization body - the Mobilization Department (since September 1918 - Management) of the all-Russian General staff. The role of so called “military experts” - former officers and Joint Staff generals who often held similar positions in the mobilization bodies of the old army - in the correct formulation of mobilization work is emphasized. The article shows the features and results of registration and mobilization work, expressed in various ways of staffing troops with human resources: general and private appeals, identification and legalization of deserters, unscheduled military (local) mobilization. Explanations are given for the dominance of certain methods of recruiting troops at various stages of the Civil war.

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