From a Red Army soldier to a military diplomat

2021 ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
A. Isaenko
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
75Th Anniversary ◽  
General Staff ◽  
Red Army ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Military ◽  
Military Diplomacy

In No. 5/2020 of our magazine, dedicated to the 75th anniversary of the creation of the United Nations, it was mentioned that representatives of the military diplomacy took part in the development of the UN Charter: Rear Admiral Rodionov K. K. and Lieutenant General Slavin N. V. This article refers to another military diplomat who was also part of the Soviet delegation to the San Francisco Conference and actively participated in the preparation of the most important UN document, Lieutenant General Vasiliev A. F., an offi cer of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR.

scholarly journals Organizacja i rys działalności sądów polowych Naczelnego Dowództwa WP w przełomowym okresie wojny z Rosją sowiecką latem 1920 roku (część 2)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-118
Author(s):  
Leszek Kania
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
General Staff ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
The Military ◽  
Historical Sketch

The article is a two-part law and historical sketch that presents the organization and outline of the activity of the field judiciary during the decisive events in the war with Soviet Russia in the summer of 1920. In this part of the article the author presents an outline of the organization and the activity of the field judiciary since the beginning of its existence to the beginning of July 1920. The justice service of the Polish army came into being as an integral part of the armed forces alongside with the creation of different departments and services of the Ministry of Military Affairs and the General Staff of the Polish Army in the autumn of 1918. The military courts were created since the first days of November 1918 in Cracow, Lublin, Warsaw and Cieszyn, while in Przemyśl and Lviv – since the end of November. In January 1919 the field courts were created at the commands of the great units of the Lithauanian-Belarusan Front. As a separate structure, the field judiciary came into being in spring 1919 and was part of the High Command of the Polish Army. Until September 1920, at the commands of large units and operation formations (divisions, brigades, operation groups, armies and fronts), as well as commands, garrisons and strongholds, about 60–70 field courts and several judicial and legal departments were created. Field courts played a subordinate, although remarkable role in the command system of large units and operation formations, and in keeping the discipline and internal cohesion of the army.

National Policies and Attitudes Toward the United Nations

1952 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence S. Finkelstein
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
United Nations ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
World War ◽  
National Policies ◽  
The World ◽  
Police Action ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Short Time

Seven years have passed since the UN Charter was signed in San Francisco in the month of June 1945. In that short time, events have disproved some of the most important assumptions about the postwar world on which the 1945 decisions were based.Efforts have been made, notably in the improvisations of the Korea police action, in the creation of the Interim Committee, and in the Uniting for Peace Resolution, to adapt the structure conceived at San Francisco so that it would more closely meet the needs of the world as it emerged from the crucible of World War II.

The Creation of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Krill de Capello
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Organization ◽  
National Committee ◽  
United Nations Educational ◽  
Cultural Organization ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The United Nations

The history of the creation of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) encompasses essentially two international conferences: the Conference of Ministers of Education of the Allied Governments and the French National Committee (CAME) which took pJace in London from 1942 through 1945 and the Conference of the United Nations for the Establishment of an International Organization for Education and Culture, held November 1–16, 1945. The latter conference, called jointly by the governments of France and the United King dom, was partially a result of the former and was also held in London. At this two-week conference UNESCO's constitution was drafted and adopted. In this development a part was played by the founding process of the United Nations whose Charter, adopted at the United Nations Conference on International Organization in San Francisco in June 1945, foresaw the advancement of international cooperation in culture and education. The founding conference of UNESCO considered itself the executor of this mandate. This article will show how the idea of international cultural cooperation was developed during the Second World War at the meetings of CAME, how it was modified by the United States aid policy toward Europe, how it was influenced by French traditions of intellectual cooperation manifested within the framework of the League of Nations, and how it led finally to the creation of a new specialized agency of the United Nations.

UN Peacekeeping Operations and Successful Military Diplomacy: A Case Study of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bakare Najimdeen
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Security Council ◽  
United Nations Security Council ◽  
Policy Objective ◽  
Peacekeeping Operations ◽  
Un Peacekeeping ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Peacekeeping Missions ◽  
Military Diplomacy

Few years following its creation, the United Nations (UN) with the blessing of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) decided to establish the UN Peacekeeping Operations (UNPKO), as a multilateral mechanism geared at fulfilling the Chapter VII of the UN Charter which empowered the Security Council to enforce measurement to maintain or restore international peace and security. Since its creation, the multilateral mechanism has recorded several successes and failures to its credit. While it is essentially not like traditional diplomacy, peacekeeping operations have evolved over the years and have emerged as a new form of diplomacy. Besides, theoretically underscoring the differences between diplomacy and foreign policy, which often appear as conflated, the paper demonstrates how diplomacy is an expression of foreign policy. Meanwhile, putting in context the change and transformation in global politics, particularly global conflict, the paper argues that traditional diplomacy has ceased to be the preoccupation and exclusive business of the foreign ministry and career diplomats, it now involves foot soldiers who are not necessarily diplomats but act as diplomats in terms of peacekeeping, negotiating between warring parties, carrying their countries’ emblems and representing the latter in resolving global conflict, and increasingly becoming the representation of their countries’ foreign policy objective, hence peacekeeping military diplomacy. The paper uses decades of Pakistan’s peacekeeping missions as a reference point to establish how a nation’s peacekeeping efforts represent and qualifies as military diplomacy. It also presented the lessons and good practices Pakistan can sell to the rest of the world vis-à-vis peacekeeping and lastly how well Pakistan can consolidate its peacekeeping diplomacy.

Stepping back from the brink: Why multilateral regulation of autonomy in weapons systems is difficult, yet imperative and feasible

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 (913) ◽  
pp. 235-259
Author(s):  
Frank Sauer
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Arms Control ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
Human Control ◽  
Conventional Weapons ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Military ◽  
Weapons Systems

AbstractThis article explains why regulating autonomy in weapons systems, entailing the codification of a legally binding obligation to retain meaningful human control over the use of force, is such a challenging task within the framework of the United Nations Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons. It is difficult because it requires new diplomatic language, and because the military value of weapon autonomy is hard to forego in the current arms control winter. The article argues that regulation is nevertheless imperative, because the strategic as well as ethical risks outweigh the military benefits of unshackled weapon autonomy. To this end, it offers some thoughts on how the implementation of regulation can be expedited.

The application of humanitarian law by the armed forces of the United Nations Organization

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (206) ◽  
pp. 274-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Sandoz
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Armed Force ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
The United Nations

The events in Lebanon and the despatch of a UN armed force to keep the peace there brings into focus a problem which cannot be ignored, the application of international humanitarian law in armed conflicts. This problem has two aspects:— What is the nature of the armed forces which the UN commits or can commit at the present time?— To what extent are these armed forces obliged to apply humanitarian law?

The world’s repository at 75: a history of the United Nations Archives*

Comma ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2019 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-36
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Gelfand
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Records Management ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Administrative Structures

Seventy-five years ago (1945), the United Nations (UN) was founded in San Francisco by 50 nations. There, a small archives unit served to assemble the first records of the organization; this was the first iteration of today’s Archives and Records Management Section (ARMS). Throughout its history, the fortunes of the UN Archives have waxed and waned, while its role has continuously evolved. Trying to carve out a place for itself within the largest international organization in the world, its physical and administrative structures have undergone profound changes, as has its mission, number of staff, the type of records it holds and its users. This paper examines significant events in the development of the UN Archives, the challenges it has faced and what may be learned from them.

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