The Varieties of (More or Less) Formal Authority

Author(s):  
Alena L. Vasilyeva ◽  
Jessica S. Robles ◽  
Jean A. Saludadez ◽  
Christian Schwägerl ◽  
Theresa Castor
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
Rahul Sagar

This introductory chapter explains that the book explores the question of whether state secrecy threatens the interests of citizens or whether it actually furthers them. It examines a means by which citizens and lawmakers can be—and indeed are—alerted to wrongdoing: unauthorized disclosures of classified information. It argues that the possibility of unauthorized disclosures provides the most effective and credible guarantee that those who have the formal authority over state secrecy cannot systematically use it to their own advantage. The book considers whether the judicial review of state secrecy has been deferential, and, if so, whether such deference can be justified. It also discusses the practice of leaking as a practical means by which officials could alert citizens and lawmakers to wrongdoing. The chapter provides an overview of the chapters that follow.


1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 426-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rekha Karambayya ◽  
Jeanne M. Brett ◽  
Anne Lytle

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher S. Monty

This article re-examines early efforts to put into practice the nomenklatura system for assigning elite office holders adopted by the Organization Bureau of the Central Committee (Orgburo) of the Russian Communist Party in late 1923. Until recently, scholarly treatments of this issue have largely taken for granted Stalin’s ability to transform the formal authority this initiative concentrated in the executive agencies of the Central Committee into effective administrative power. This article challenges that assumption by looking past official regulations in order to examine the operational records of the body most closely involved in managing the assignment of responsible officials across the soviet political order, the Organization-Assignment Department of the Central Committee Secretariat. The working papers of the Organization-Assignment Department, the Secretariat and the Orgburo make it evident that the nomenklatura had not yet evolved into the central vehicle for managing elite office holding that it was intended to be prior to the Stalin Revolution. The evidence suggests the persistence of ad hoc improvisation in the management of personnel, which produced a hybrid order that relied on an unstable mix of bureaucratic, personalistic and campaign-style methods to extend communist influence over government and economic administration.


1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathryn Johnson
Keyword(s):  

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Nining Syafitri

Students’ reading habit and lecturers’ teaching in a classroom have a role to raise students’ achievement forbeing an important part of successful teaching and learning process. The aims of the research were toobserve 1) the lecturers’ teaching styles in teaching Extensive Reading class, 2) the students’ reading habit,and 3) the correlation between lecturers’ teaching style and students’ reading habit in readingcomprehension. The research employed a correlational research. Data sources were obtained from readinghabit questionnaire distributed to the students, teaching style survey based on Grasha-Riechmann to thelecturers, and TOEFL in reading test section to the students. The research indicated that 1) Lecturer 1 (D1)had moderate category as Expert and Facilitator, but high category for Formal Authority, Personal Model,and Delegator. Lecturer 2 (D2) had high category as Expert, Formal Authority, Personal Model, andDelegator, but moderate category for Facilitator. Lecturer 3 (D3) had high scores for five categories (Expert,Formal Authority, Personal Model, Facilitator, and Delegator), 2) the students’ reading habit category werefair, and 3) the lecturers’ teaching style was inversely correlated to reading comprehension. Reading habithad a proportionate relationship to reading comprehension. R value (0.661) indicated correlation betweenlecturers’ teaching style and students’ reading habit on reading comprehension is strong. Readingcomprehension skill should not be only observed from students’ reading habit, but also lecturers’ teachingstyle, for the success of learning and teaching in classroom.


2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 27-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Pollack ◽  
Chivonne Algeo

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heikki Rantakari

I analyze the impact of managerial involvement and the allocation of authority on employee initiative in a setting where both a manager and an employee can originate new ideas for implementation. I show that employee initiative is maximized through the combination of formal authority and limited but positive levels of involvement by the manager, a result which thus qualifies the motivational advantages of both formal delegation and a hands-off management strategy. This result arises through an indirect monitoring role played by managerial involvement that has been absent in previous frameworks, and the implications of which for the optimal organizational arrangement are further analyzed. (JEL D23, M12, M54)


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