It takes two to tango: combining asset specificity and uncertainty to explain the diversity of plural forms

In this paper, we rely on an extended version of the traditional transaction cost economics (TCE) framework to explain the variety of plural forms in the governance of food supply chains. Relying on the interplay of two transactional attributes – asset specificity and uncertainty – we explore not only the existence of plural forms, but their empirical diversity. This aspect has been largely under-explored and very little has been done empirically so far in this respect, despite its empirical significance. From an organizational point of view, this diversity requires an explanation as they carry different governance properties. We propose that while both are important drivers for the prevalence of plural forms, each of them plays a different role in their composition. Whereas uncertainty determines the type of plural form, asset specificity determines the level of coordination within the plural form and sheds light in the relative weights of each organizational arrangement composing it. An embedded case study of the Korin firm in Brazil, a leading firm in the organic food market, illustrates.

Analisis Pengaruh Penataan Organisasi LIPI Terhadap Kinerja ASN Pendukung IPTEK Di Lingkungan LIPI

The Indonesian Institute of Sciences has carried out a comprehensive organizational restructuring (reorganization) in all lines. It has simplified the bureaucracy by minimazing organization structure, and optimizing organization functions. This reorganization was set in LIPI Regulation No.1 of 2019 concerning the Organization and Work Procedure of the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (SOTK-LIPI), which has made fundamental changes to the overall service business process at LIPI, and has affected on science and technology supporting employees. This organizational arrangement aims to create competency-based research and service governance. The reorganization policy at LIPI is the basis for redistribution of science and technology supporting employees. This has changed the mobility of supporting employees, from stagnant and limited environment to dynamic and focused on service functions according to their specializations and functional positions. This research is focused on examining the effect of organizational restructuring on the performance improvement of science and technology supporting employees of LIPI, after LIPI Regulation concerning the Organization and Work Procedure is published. The research method used is explanatory survey. The data analysis technique used to test the model is multiple linear regression. The respondents who became the unit of analysis were as many as 200 respondents of science and technology supporting employees at LIPI. The results of this study indicate that the performance of supporting employees is simultaneously influenced by organizational rearrangement which includes reorganization of structure, technology, physical settings, and people.

Strategic management, the theory of the firm, and digitalization: Reintroducing a normative perspective

The theory of the firm, as we know it from the literature, focuses on the boundary question. Recently, the idea of ecosystems, an organizational arrangement that lies somewhere between the firm and the market poles, has been promoted as an adequate response to the ongoing trend of digitalization (Jacobides, Cennamo, & Gawer, 2018). What is missing in the extant literature is an answer to or reflection on the normative question of what role business firms should or could play in modern societies, where major (“grand”) challenges such as climate change, poverty, migration, and rising inequality are seen (George, Howard-Grenville, Joshi, & Tihanyi, 2016). Thus, a core element of the traditional theory of the firm has been neglected, with the consequence that its social relevance is no longer evident. We focus on the strategic management discipline, with an aim to reintroduce the lost normative perspective and to provide a guideline for future theorizing about business firms as well as guidelines for practice. The three cornerstones of our framework are (de-) growth, sustainability, and digitalization. We emphasize the digitalization angle and elaborate on what we call the “common good orientation” of digitalization, using the key terms “internet as a commons”, “open-source”, and “cooperative platforms”

ANALISIS PENGARUH PENATAAN ORGANISASI LIPI TERHADAP KEBAHAGIAAN ASN PENDUKUNG IPTEK DI LINGKUNGAN LIPI

This research is based on a phenomenon that LIPI, as the largest research institution in Indonesia is also reorganizing fundamentally towards organizational goals, which are lean in structure and rich in functionswith business process based on competency network. This organizational arrangement is based on LIPI Regulation No.1 of 2019 concerning SOTK LIPI. Previously, the organizational structure was still rich in structure, less in function, and had a stratified work pattern. The changes in business process after SOTK LIPI applies have a direct impact on science and technology supporting staff who changes that are fundamentally based on functional and competency, are still require adaptation, especially in the clarity of advancing the career of science and technology supporting staff. This research is conducted to analyze the effect of organizational structuring on the happiness of science and technology supporting staff at LIPI.The research method used in this research is explanatory survey. The data analysis technique used to test the model used is multiple linear regression. The respondents are 200 of civil servants as science and technology supporting staff at LIPI. The results of this study indicate that the happiness of civil servants as science and technology supporting staff at LIPI is simultaneously influenced by organizational rearrangement (reorganization) includes restructuring, technology, physical and people settings.

Is ‘Global Value Chain’ a Legal Concept?

Today’s organization of production and services along global value chains (GVCs) uses contracts as central building blocks, yet is largely disconnected from contract law’s dominant epistemology and social imaginary. This article charts when, how and why GVCs have appeared on the radar of contract scholars and unravels the related methodological and disciplinary challenges. Rather than treating GVCs as a ‘legal concept’ in a strict sense that might command the application of particular rules, I propose to understand them as a ‘legal heuristic’: GVCs require contract law to revisit its constitutive role for matters of distribution, participation and equality under globalization. Towards this, GVCs need to be understood as organizational arrangement and simultaneously as a stage in the evolution of a global political economy. Beyond the classical confines of ‘contract governance’, this brings into the picture the wide array of formal and informal technologies of ‘contract governmentality’. Together with the material, technological or informational infrastructure, these are referred to as ‘code’ of GVCs, suggested here as focus of future contract law research on GVCs.

Qualifications of police officers - "1918 - 2018" and promotion prospects. Outline of the issue.

Poland's regaining independence was connected, among other things, with the organizational arrangement of many services, including the current Police force. On the basis of their hierarchical subordination, the structure, rules of operation, consequently the duties and rights of their members - officers, but also employees who were not officers, called "civil servants", were created. These rights also included the right to promotion, which in the hierarchical system of subordination determines the position of a given officer. The promotion in terms of the position or rank is an expression not only of the culture of a given organisation, but first of all it poses new challenges and duties to the officer - the honour and privilege of managing the force, an organisational unit, an organisational department or finally, and by many put on the first place (the author fully supports this issue) - the possibility of managing people belonging to a given organisational structure. It is an honour and privilege that only a few can have. By the time this happens, however, they have to meet certain formal requirements, which have evolved dramatically over the last century. The aim of this study (which in the future will be the beginning of a comprehensive approach) is to indicate the outline of the requirements in principle, on the basis of the original legal acts concerning the pragmatics of police officers, legally binding in the last century. The author is fully aware of the fact that the quoted legal acts were subject to amendments and he points out the most important ones in his opinion.

Ultrastrong, Free-Standing and Large Nanofilms of Pyrenearamid

We introduce poly(1,6-pyrene terephthalamide) polymer (PPyrTA) as an aromatic polyamide analogue of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA), also known as Kevlar®. This work shows that the incorporation of polycyclic aromatic pyrene moieties improves drastically the mechanical properties of the polymeric structure, increasing elastic nanoindentation-determined modulus and hardness by factors of 1.9 and 4.3, respectively. Liquid deprotonated dispersions of PPyrTA nanofibers were used as nanoscale building block for producing large-surface, free-standing polymer macroscopic nanofilms. This 2D assembly leads to further significant improvements in reduced modulus and hardness (more than twice) compared to the starting polymer macroscale fibres, due to a better re-organizational arrangement of the PPyrTA nanofibers in the nanofilms, formed under 2D spatial confinement.

Ultrastrong, Free-Standing and Large Nanofilms of Pyrenearamid

We introduce poly(1,6-pyrene terephthalamide) polymer (PPyrTA) as an aromatic polyamide analogue of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA), also known as Kevlar®. This work shows that the incorporation of polycyclic aromatic pyrene moieties improves drastically the mechanical properties of the polymeric structure, increasing elastic nanoindentation-determined modulus and hardness by factors of 1.9 and 4.3, respectively. Liquid deprotonated dispersions of PPyrTA nanofibers were used as nanoscale building block for producing large-surface, free-standing polymer macroscopic nanofilms. This 2D assembly leads to further significant improvements in reduced modulus and hardness (more than twice) compared to the starting polymer macroscale fibres, due to a better re-organizational arrangement of the PPyrTA nanofibers in the nanofilms, formed under 2D spatial confinement.