scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Landuse/Land Cover Around NTPC Using High Resolution Satellite Imagery

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-109
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Central Component ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Level I

Land is becoming scarce resource due to population growth and industrialization. Rapid growth of human activities can also be attributed as one of the reasons. Thus, it becomes an important task to regulate land resource for sustainable development and environmental protection. LULC change studies have become a central component in current strategies for managing and planning land resources and monitoring environmental changes. In this paper an attempt has been made to bring out spatio-temporal dynamics of LULC patterns of NTPCRamagundam and its surrounding environment by using multi-temporal satellite data of Landsat-4, IRS P6 LISS-III and IRS 2 LISS-IV and GIS techniques for the years 1984, 2005, 2011, 2015, 2018. The methodology includes base map preparation having features like Road (SH), Rail, Canal, River, Stream, Tanks, Forest boundary and other administrative boundaries from SOI topo sheet and the features digitized are updated on satellite images. Interpretation of study area for LULC feature extraction on satellite imageries of respective years is carried with Nrsc’s standard LULC classification system. Change detection statistics can be generated out of 5 LULC thematic layers obtained and analysed specially with respect to NTPC environs. Results from this study shows the percentage of geographical area occupied by built-up land, agricultural land, forests, wasteland and waterbodies of level-I LULC features were 10.27%, 60.68%, 6.61%, 11.81%, 10.63% respectively in 1984 and were changed into 21.41%, 48.51%, 5.97%, 12.77%, 11.34% respectively in 2018. This analysis shows a rapid growth in built-up land and fall in agricultural land between 1984 and 2018. There is a considerable change in the remaining features from 1984 and 2018.

scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Municipal Planning, a case study of Barahathawa Municipality, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kedar Dahal ◽  
Krishna P. Timilsina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The Rapid transformation of rural settlements into municipalities in Nepal has brought significant changes in land use and urban expansion patterns mostly through the conversion of agricultural land into the built-up area. The issue is studied taking a case of rapidly growing town Barahathawa Municipality of Sarlahi District. After the declaration of the municipality, several new roads have been opened and upgraded; and the municipality has well-connected to the national transportation network. After promulgated the Constitution of Nepal 2015 and elected local bodies, the municipality budget has been increased significantly as a result of increasing municipal investment in socio-economic and physical infrastructure development and environmental protection which have attracted people, goods, and services creating the zone of influence. One of the changes found in the municipality is the increasing built-up area and expansion of urban growth through the decreasing agricultural land. Urban growth has been observed taking place around the Barahathawa Bazaar and main roadsides. The built-up area in Barahathawa municipality has remarkably increased by 184% with the decrease of shrub and agricultural land within 10 years. Implications of such spatial and temporal dynamics have been a core issue of urban planning in most of the newly declared municipalities in Nepal

scholarly journals Modelled land use and land cover change emissions – A spatio-temporal comparison of different approaches

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang A. Obermeier ◽  
Julia E. M. S. Nabel ◽  
Tammas Loughran ◽  
Kerstin Hartung ◽  
Ana Bastos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
Legacy Effects ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Carbon

Abstract. Quantifying the net carbon flux from land use and land cover changes (fLULCC) is critical for understanding the global carbon cycle, and hence, to support climate change mitigation. However, large-scale fLULCC is not directly measurable, but has to be inferred from models instead, such as semi-empirical bookkeeping models, and process-based dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs). By definition, fLULCC estimates are not directly comparable between these two different model types. As an example, DGVM-based fLULCC in the annual global carbon budgets is estimated under transient environmental forcing and includes the so-called Loss of Additional Sink Capacity (LASC). The LASC accounts for the impact of environmental changes on land carbon storage potential of managed land compared to potential vegetation which is not represented in bookkeeping models. In addition, fLULCC from transient DGVM simulations differs depending on the arbitrary chosen simulation time period and the historical timing of land use and land cover changes (including different accumulation periods for legacy effects). An approximation of fLULCC by DGVMs that is independent of the timing of land use and land cover changes and their legacy effects requires simulations assuming constant pre-industrial or present-day environmental forcings. Here, we analyze three DGVM-derived fLULCC estimations for twelve models within 18 regions and quantify their differences as well as climate- and CO2-induced components. The three estimations stem from the commonly performed simulation with transiently changing environmental conditions and two simulations that keep environmental conditions fixed, at pre-industrial and present-day conditions. Averaged across the models, we find a global fLULCC (under transient conditions) of 2.0 ± 0.6 PgC yr-1 for 2009–2018, of which ∼40 % are attributable to the LASC (0.8 ± 0.3 PgC yr-1). From 1850 onward, fLULCC accumulated to 189 ± 56 PgC with 40 ± 15 PgC from the LASC. Regional hotspots of high cumulative and annual LASC values are found in the USA, China, Brazil, Equatorial Africa and Southeast Asia, mainly due to deforestation for cropland. Distinct negative LASC estimates, in Europe (early reforestation) and from 2000 onward in the Ukraine (recultivation of post-Soviet abandoned agricultural land), indicate that fLULCC estimates in these regions are lower in transient DGVM- compared to bookkeeping-approaches. By unraveling spatio-temporal variability in three alternative DGVM-derived fLULCC estimates, our results call for a harmonized attribution of model-derived fLULCC. We propose an approach that bridges bookkeeping and DGVM approaches for fLULCC estimation by adopting a mean DGVM-ensemble LASC for a defined reference period.

scholarly journals Critical insight on the recent scenario of degraded lands in India and its bioremediation status

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
sharda dhadse ◽  
Purushottam Sakhare ◽  
G.H.V.C. Chary ◽  
Aniket Aglawe ◽  
M. Mallikarjun Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Total Geographical Area ◽  
Productivity Rate ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Grazing Lands

Abstract The planet earth is composed of one-fourth of the land with a total geographical area of India as 328.2M ha. Due to various reasons, 14.64% of the land resource falls under wastelands. Rapid industrialization, intensive agricultural practices, and unsustainable urbanization lead to the degradation of land resources. Most of the time, the biophysical composition of the soil determined its utilization and productivity rate. Some are highly productive on the other hand some are less or unproductive, India has roughly 328 million hectares of land area and the land utility pattern been 43.6% agricultural, 4.6% grazing lands, 12.2% marshlands, 10.7% woodlands, 8.4% desolate land, 5.3% municipal land. The continuous increase of the population leads to pressure for uptown land. The area under non-agricultural land is used for the roads, buildings, railways, industrial establishments. In this connection, non-agricultural land is increasing which is a major concern about land degradation. Based on the secondary data this review paper discussed the contaminated land in India, respective case studies, and its remediation technologies. Many physical, chemical, and biological methods were adopted for cleaning the contaminated lands in them some are tough and some are expensive to handle.

scholarly journals Are Vulnerable Communities Thoroughly Informed on Mosquito Bio-Ecology and Burden?

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8196
Author(s):  
Mmabaledi Buxton ◽  
Honest Machekano ◽  
Nonofo Gotcha ◽  
Casper Nyamukondiwa ◽  
Ryan J. Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Limited Knowledge ◽  
Vulnerable Communities ◽  
Endemic Malaria ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Mosquitoes account for a significant burden of morbidity and mortality globally. Despite evidence of (1) imminent anthropogenic climate and environmental changes, (2) vector-pathogen spatio-temporal dynamics and (3) emerging and re-emerging mosquito borne infections, public knowledge on mosquito bio-ecology remain scant. In particular, knowledge, attitude and practices (KAPs) on mosquitoes are often neglected despite otherwise expensive remedial efforts against consequent infections and other indirect effects associated with disease burden. To gather baseline KAPs that identify gaps for optimising vector-borne disease control, we surveyed communities across endemic and non-endemic malaria sub-districts (Botswana). The study revealed limited knowledge of mosquitoes and their infections uniformly across endemic and non-endemic areas. In addition, a significant proportion of respondents were concerned about mosquito burdens, although their level of personal, indoor and environmental protection practices varied significantly across sub-districts. Given the limited knowledge displayed by the communities, this study facilitates bridging KAP gaps to minimise disease burdens by strengthening public education. Furthermore, it provides a baseline for future studies in mosquito bio-ecology and desirable control practices across differential spheres of the rural–urban lifestyle, with implications for enhanced livelihoods as a consequence of improved public health.

SPATIO-TEMPORAL CHAOS IN AN ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITY AS A RESPONSE TO UNFAVOURABLE ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES

2001 ◽  
Vol 04 (02n03) ◽  
pp. 227-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
SERGEI V. PETROVSKII ◽  
HORST MALCHOW
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Chaotic Dynamics ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Ecological Community ◽  
Species Extinction ◽  
Population Extinction ◽  
Small Domain ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Impact

The impact of ecological chaos on population dynamics has been an issue of intense discussion over the last decade. While many authors consider chaotic dynamics as a favourable factor facilitating species biodiversity, there is also a strong opinion that chaos may enhance population extinction. In this paper we show that chaotic spatio-temporal dynamics in an ecological community can arise as a response of the community to unfavourable environmental changes. Appearing in that way, chaos can prevent species extinction in a situation when it would be inevitable otherwise. We also show that an essential consequence of chaotic dynamics is that the issue of species extinction is subject to the size of the domain inhabited by the population, the extinction more likely happens in a small domain than in a large one.

scholarly journals SPATIO-TEMPORAL DYNAMICS ALONG THE TERRAIN GRADIENT OF DIVERSE LANDSCAPE

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Ramachandra ◽  
Settur Bharath ◽  
Aithal Bharath
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Lulc Change ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Impact

Land use (LU) land cover (LC) information at a temporal scale illustrates the physical coverage of the Earth’s terrestrial surface according to its use and provides the intricate information for effective planning and management activities. LULC changes are stated as local and location specifc, collectively they act as drivers of global environmental changes. Understanding and predicting the impact of LULC change processes requires long term historical restorations and projecting into the future of land cover changes at regional to global scales. The present study aims at quantifying spatio temporal landscape dynamics along the gradient of varying terrains presented in the landscape by multi-data approach (MDA). MDA incorporates multi temporal satellite imagery with demographic data and other additional relevant data sets. The gradient covers three different types of topographic features, planes; hilly terrain and coastal region to account the signifcant role of elevation in land cover change. The seasonality is another aspect to be considered in the vegetation dominated landscapes; variations are accounted using multi seasonal data. Spatial patterns of the various patches are identifed and analysed using landscape metrics to understand the forest fragmentation. The prediction of likely changes in 2020 through scenario analysis has been done to account for the changes, considering the present growth rates and due to the proposed developmental projects. This work summarizes recent estimates on changes in cropland, agricultural intensifcation, deforestation, pasture expansion, and urbanization as the causal factors for LULC change.

Spatial and temporal dynamics of Pacific capelin Mallotus catervarius in the Gulf of Alaska: implications for ecosystem-based fisheries management

2020 ◽  
Vol 637 ◽  
pp. 117-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
DW McGowan ◽  
ED Goldstein ◽  
ML Arimitsu ◽  
AL Deary ◽  
O Ormseth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Gulf Of Alaska ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Spawning Areas ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Pacific capelin Mallotus catervarius are planktivorous small pelagic fish that serve an intermediate trophic role in marine food webs. Due to the lack of a directed fishery or monitoring of capelin in the Northeast Pacific, limited information is available on their distribution and abundance, and how spatio-temporal fluctuations in capelin density affect their availability as prey. To provide information on life history, spatial patterns, and population dynamics of capelin in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA), we modeled distributions of spawning habitat and larval dispersal, and synthesized spatially indexed data from multiple independent sources from 1996 to 2016. Potential capelin spawning areas were broadly distributed across the GOA. Models of larval drift show the GOA’s advective circulation patterns disperse capelin larvae over the continental shelf and upper slope, indicating potential connections between spawning areas and observed offshore distributions that are influenced by the location and timing of spawning. Spatial overlap in composite distributions of larval and age-1+ fish was used to identify core areas where capelin consistently occur and concentrate. Capelin primarily occupy shelf waters near the Kodiak Archipelago, and are patchily distributed across the GOA shelf and inshore waters. Interannual variations in abundance along with spatio-temporal differences in density indicate that the availability of capelin to predators and monitoring surveys is highly variable in the GOA. We demonstrate that the limitations of individual data series can be compensated for by integrating multiple data sources to monitor fluctuations in distributions and abundance trends of an ecologically important species across a large marine ecosystem.

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