scholarly journals False Endometrial Thickening in Postmenopausal Patients Using Anticoagulants or Antiplatelets Agents

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Nahit Ata ◽  
Nur Gözde Kulhan
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Antiplatelet Agents ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drug Status ◽  
Postmenopausal Bleeding ◽  
Endometrial Sampling ◽  
Endometrial Thickening ◽  
First Results ◽  
The Mean

Objective There is no report that anticoagulant or antiplatelet use may lead to abnormal endometrial sonographic findings. This retrospective study reports our first results associated with endometrial sampling in asymptomatic postmenopausal women using anticoagulants or antiplatelet. Materials methods A total of 268 postmenopausal patients who applied to our gynecology outpatient clinic for any reasons except postmenopausal bleeding were included in the study. Patients were divided into three groups according to using drug status: first healty control group [HCG], second anticoagulants agents group [ACG], and third antiplatelet agents group [APG]. The effects of anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents on endometrial thickness were compared with histopathological findings. Results The mean endometrial thickness was significantly greater in group ACG [5.2 mm] and APG [4.1 m]  than in group HCG [3.3 mm]. No significant differences were found in the mean endometrial thickness between groups HCG and APG. However, it is noteworthy that the average endomeric thickness in the ACG group is more than the other two groups and this is statistically significant [p < 0.05].   Conclusion If the thickness of the endometrium was > 4 mm. endometrial sampling may be recommended in in asymptomatic postmenopausal women using anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents.  

scholarly journals False Endometrial Thickening in Postmenopausal Patients Using Anticoagulants or Antiplatelets Agents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahit Ata ◽  
Nur Kulhan
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Antiplatelet Agents ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drug Status ◽  
Endometrial Sampling ◽  
Endometrial Thickening ◽  
First Results ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Key Words Anticoagulants

Objective There is no report that anticoagulant or antiplatelet use may lead to abnormal endometrial sonographic findings. This retrospective study reports our first results associated with endometrial sampling in asymptomatic postmenopausal women using anticoagulants or antiplatelet. Materials methods A total of 268 postmenopausal patients who applied to our gynecology outpatient clinic for any reasons except postmenopausal bleeding were included in the study. Patients were divided into three groups according to using drug status: first healty control group (HCG), second anticoagulants agents group (ACG), and third antiplatelet agents group (APG). The effects of anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents on endometrial thickness were compared with histopathological findings. Results The mean endometrial thickness was significantly greater in group ACG (5.2 mm) and APG (4.1 m) than in group HCG (3.3 mm). No significant differences were found in the mean endometrial thickness between groups HCG and APG. However, it is noteworthy that the average endomeric thickness in the ACG group is more than the other two groups and this is statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion If the thickness of the endometrium was > 4 mm. endometrial sampling may be recommended in in asymptomatic postmenopausal women using anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents. Key words: Anticoagulants, antiplatelets, biopsy, endometrial thickness, menopause, ultrasonography

scholarly journals Evaluation of endometrial thickness in postmenopausal women by using 3.0-T MRI

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Nakamura ◽  
Takeharu Yoshikawa ◽  
Eriko Maeda ◽  
Hiroyuki Akai ◽  
Hiroshi Ohtsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Endometrial Thickening ◽  
3.0 T ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
3.0 T Mri

Background: The accepted threshold for normal endometrial thickness is 5 mm; lesions with endometrial thickness < 5 mm are considered benign, whilst those > 5 mm areconsidered malignant. However, endometrium ≥ 5 mm on transvaginal ultrasonography inpostmenopausal woman is considered as asymptomatic endometrial thickening. However, recent studies suggest that asymptomatic endometrial thickness of even 8 mm – 11 mm in postmenopausal women may be normal.Objectives: The present study investigated the normal endometrial thickness range in 297 asymptomatic postmenopausal women using 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2-weighted sagittal images measured retrospectively by a single radiologist.Method: The data were classified according to patient age and postmenopausal duration, and the medical records and follow-up MR images were reviewed to assess the clinical outcome.Results: The mean endometrial thickness was 2.4 ± 0.1 mm (range: 0.1–11.6). The endometriumin 21 of 297 subjects was ≥ 5 mm thick. Follow-up MR images were obtained in 17 of these 21 women, and their endometrial thickness was found to have decreased in all of them. To date,none of the subjects has been diagnosed with endometrial cancer.Conclusion: Although 5 mm is considered the conservative threshold of normal endometrial thickness on MRI of postmenopausal women, this figure should not, to avoid excessive false-positive diagnoses, be assumed as an indication of malignancy.

scholarly journals Synergistic approach in diagnosing endometrial disease in women with postmenopausal bleeding

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 4081
Author(s):  
Jiten Sharma ◽  
Bhishan Dhiman ◽  
Nishi Sud ◽  
Anupriya Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Carcinoma ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Postmenopausal Bleeding ◽  
Endometrial Sampling ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Vaginal Ultrasonography

Background: All women with postmenopausal uterine bleeding mandate examination for endometrial diseases especially endometrial carcinoma. In current scenario, hysteroscopy has replaced traditional Dilatation and Curettage as diagnostic procedure of choice. However, office endometrial sampling with pipelle combined with vaginal ultrasonography being easier and less expensive is recommended. Aim and objectives of the study was to evaluate the combined use of vaginal ultrasonography and office endometrial sampling for the diagnosis of endometrial disease in postmenopausal women with uterine bleeding.Methods: One hundred consecutive postmenopausal women presenting with uterine bleeding were enrolled in the study. Vaginal ultrasonography was used to measure the endometrial thickness. Endometrial sampling was done using endometrial biopsy pipelle, as office procedure, in the OPD examination room. The sample was sent for Histopathological Examination (HPE), The accuracy of vaginal ultrasound and pipelle was measured.Results: In 21% patients, endometrial carcinoma was found, endometrial hyperplasia in 26%, atrophic endometrium in 18%, endometrial polyp in 10% and no specific pathology in 20%. Endometrial thickness measured by Transvaginal ultrasound ranged from 1mm to 28mm with mean of 10.16mm and median of 11.5mm. The mean endometrial thickness in subgroup without disease was 5.26±3.8mm, with benign disease 12.8±3.1mm and in carcinoma 16.97±5.6mm. All cases with carcinoma had endometrial thickness exceeding 5mm (range 5.7mm to 28mm).Conclusions: The study illustrates that by combined use of Trans Vaginal Sonography (TVS) and office endometrial sampling, sufficient diagnostic information was obtained for women with postmenopausal bleeding, obviating the need for more invasive diagnostic procedures.

scholarly journals Determining a threshold measurement of Endometrial Thickness for Asymptomatic Postmenopausal Women: A single-centre case series

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Stewart ◽  
Gurjot Gill ◽  
Emma Readman ◽  
Sonia Grover ◽  
Samantha Mooney
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Endometrial Sampling ◽  
Pathology Classification ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Post Menopausal

Objective: To determine the endometrial thickness at which endometrial sampling is indicated in asymptomatic post-menopausal women referred with thickened endometrium on ultrasound. Design: Retrospective case series Setting: Mercy Hospital for Women, Melbourne Population: Post-menopausal women without bleeding, undergoing hysteroscopy for thickened endometrium Methods: Logistic regression was used to examine the association between a range of variables and pre-malignant or malignant pathology and endometrial thickness Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was endometrial malignancy/pre-malignancy and its relation to endometrial thickness. Secondary outcomes focused on identifying additional predictors which may influence endometrial malignancy such as ultrasound findings, years since menopause, age, obesity, diabetes, and tamoxifen use. Results: A total of 404 postmenopausal women met the inclusion criteria for this study. The mean (SD) age of patients at presentation was 65 (9.09) years and the mean BMI was 29.86 kg/m2 (6.52). Of these women, nine (2.2%) were diagnosed with endometrial carcinoma and 7 (1.7%) had endometrial hyperplasia with atypia. The most common histopathological finding was of a benign endometrial polyp (153, 37.9%). When including hyperplasia with or without atypia in histopathology of interest, a cut-off of ≥9mm provides the greatest sensitivity (83.3%) and specificity (63.8%) for a diagnosis of pre-malignant or malignant pathology (classification accuracy of 64.8%; AUROC: 0.7358, 95%CI: 0.6439, 0.8278) in this cohort. Conclusions: Using an endometrial thickness of ≥9mm can be safely used as a cut-off for endometrial sampling in post-menopausal women without bleeding. Funding: Norman Beischer Medical Research Foundation, 2018 NBMRF Grant Keywords: Endometrial thickness, Post-menopausal, endometrial hyperplasia

A Clinico-pathological Study of Transvaginal Endometrial Thickness Measurement in Asymptomatic Postmenopausal Patients and Patients with Postmenopausal Bleeding

2019 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ayse Filiz Gokmen Karasu ◽  
Seda Ates ◽  
Tugba Gurbuz ◽  
Nurhan Sahin ◽  
Taha Takmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Postmenopausal Bleeding ◽  
Pathological Study ◽  
Endometrial Polyps ◽  
Endometrial Sampling ◽  
Proliferative Endometrium

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> We aimed to determine the frequency of endometrial pathologies of patients who presented to our outpatient clinic with postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) and asymptomatic menopausal patients with a finding of thickened endometrium on transvaginal ultrasonography.</p><p><strong>Study Design:</strong> This study was performed at Bezmialem University Hospital. Women who presented to our clinic from January 2015 to January 2017 were analyzed. Patients were divided to two groups. All patients underwent transvaginal ultrasound with a 7.5 MHz probe. Endometrial sampling was performed by either blind D&amp;C (dilatation &amp; curettage) or pipelle sampling. We excluded patient specimens that were obtained by hysteroscopy.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Electronic records of a total of 368 patients in menopause were inspected. Out of these patients; 287 (78%) underwent endometrium sampling indicated by bleeding. Eighty-one patients (22%) were asymptomatic; however, a thickened endometrium echo on TVUSG examination (≥ 5 mm) was suspected. The median age was 57 (42-85). In both groups the two leading causes of endometrial pathology was; endometrial polyps followed by proliferative endometrium. The frequency of endometrial cancer was 9.4 % for the PMB group and 1.2 % in the asymptomatic patient group</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Evaluation of PMB as soon as possible is essential for diagnosing endometrial pathologies. Role of endometrial thickness is decisive in detecting patients at high risk for malignancy especially with comorbid conditions. Histopathological evaluation is mandatory for ruling out malignancy.</p>

The effectiveness of emotional freedom techniques (EFT) on depression of postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asieh Mehdipour ◽  
Parvin Abedi ◽  
Somayeh Ansari ◽  
Maryam Dastoorpoor
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Moderate Depression ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Abstract Objectives Postmenopausal women are at greater risk of depression. Depression may negatively affect the quality of life of women. An emotional freedom technique (EFT) is an evidence-based therapy combining cognitive and exposure components with acupressure. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of EFT on depression in postmenopausal women. Methods This was a randomized controlled trial in which 88 women with mild to moderate depression recruited from a menopausal clinic in Ahvaz, Iran, and randomly assigned into two groups of EFT (n=44) and control for sham therapy (n=44). Women in the EFT group received two sessions of training and asked to continue EFT for 8 weeks, one time per day. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI2) completed by women before and after the intervention. The control group received training on sham acupressure points similar to the intervention group. Data collected using a demographic and BDI2. Women requested to complete the BDI2 before and after the intervention. The independent t-test, chi-square, and ANCOVA were used to analyze data. Results The mean depression score in the intervention group reduced from 20.93 ± 4.6 to 10.96 ± 4.38 in comparison to the control group that reduced from 19.18 ± 2.79 to 17.01 ± 6.05 after intervention (p=0.001). After the 8 week intervention, the frequency of moderate depression decreased from 56.8 to 9.35% in the intervention and from 50 to 29.5% in the control group. In total, 63.4 and 34.15% in the intervention and control groups were free of depression respectively after the intervention (p<0.001). Conclusions The results of this study showed that using EFT for 8 weeks could significantly reduce the mean score of depression in postmenopausal women. Using this method in public health centers for postmenopausal women is recommended.

Effect of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Ocular Hemodynamics in Postmenopausal Women

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Atílla ◽  
A. Arslanpençe ◽  
F. Batioğlu ◽  
T. Eryilmaz ◽  
S. Aytaç ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Medication History ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ocular Hemodynamics ◽  
Flow Velocities

Purpose To evaluate the effect of hormone replacement therapy on ocular hemodynamics in postmenopausal women. Methods Ocular Doppler ultrasonography was performed in 20 postmenopausal women on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and in 20 women without treatment, as the control group. Central retinal artery (CRA), posterior ciliary artery (PCA) and ophthalmic artery (OA) flow velocities and vascular resistances were measured prospectively by a radiologist blinded to the therapy. There were no associated systemic or ocular diseases or any medication history. Results The mean age of the patients on HRT was 50.05 ± 4.5 yrs (range 44 - 62). The mean age of the control group was 52.8 ± 4.09 yrs (range 46 - 65). The mean duration of HRT was 1.6 ± 1.4 yrs (range 3 months - 5 years). There were no differences between the groups in terms of flow velocities, vascular resistivities or pulsatility indices of OA, CRA and PCA (p>0.05). Conclusions HRT is essential in postmenopausal women for relief of vasomotor symptoms, cardioprotection and prevention of osteoporosis. Even though vaso-occlusive complications of hormone preparations have been reported, we did not observe any changes in ocular hemodynamics detectable with Doppler ultrasonography.

Efficacy of a one-year exercise program to prevent bone loss in postmenopausal women prescribed aromatase inhibitor therapy: An RCT.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e20533-e20533
Author(s):  
Sharon Kilbreath ◽  
Kathryn M. Refshauge ◽  
Jane McNeil Beith ◽  
Leigh C. Ward ◽  
Philip Clifton-Bligh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Aromatase Inhibitor ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
T Score ◽  
Hip Bmd ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

e20533 Background: The aim of this single blinded RCT was to determine the effect of exercise on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women prescribed an aromatase inhibitor (AI) for the treatment of breast cancer. Methods: 66 sedentary, postmenopausal women, median age of 54.5 years, with early breast cancer and receiving an aromatase inhibitor participated. Women were stratified for taking tamoxifen prior to AI, and randomised to either the exercise (n = 27) or control (n = 39) group. All participants received daily vitamin D (1000 IU) and calcium carbonate (1200 mg) supplements and a booklet from Osteoporosis Australia outlining the benefits of exercise in preventing osteoporosis. The exercise group attended a gym three times per week for one year, supervised at regular intervals by a personal trainer, and were contacted weekly regarding progress and progression. Training sessions comprised warm-up, impact training, and resistance training. The control group was contacted monthly to monitor health status and to receive their supply of vitamins. The primary outcome was total hip BMD measured with a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer. The secondary outcomes included trochanteric, femoral neck, lumbar spine and whole body BMD and t-scores. Results: Intention-to-treat analysis revealed that the change in BMD was not significantly different between groups. At baseline, the mean (SD) total hip BMD in the control group was 0.892 (0.115) g/cm2 and 0.878 (0.112) g/cm2 at 1 yr. In contrast, hip BMD in the Exercise group was 0.918 (0.119) g/cm2 at baseline and 0.910 (0.113) g/cm2at 1 yr. The mean (SD) change for both groups was <1%. The mean T-score of the hip for Controls at baseline was -0.42 (0.94) and -0.53 (0.91) at 1 year. The baseline T-score for the Exercise group was -0.20 (0.95) and -0.26 (0.93) at one year. The average compliance with attendance for the exercise group was 71% but ranged from 20 to 100%. Compliance with vitamins for both groups was high. Conclusions: A one year exercise program did not provide additional benefit to bone density in women on AIs compared to receipt of calcium and vitamin D and advice to exercise. Clinical trial information: (ACTRN12608000220369).

scholarly journals Characteristics of interventional cardiologists and their work practices for the study on radiation-induced lens opacities based on the methodology developed by ELDO—preliminary results

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Domienik ◽  
Szymon Gryglak ◽  
Joanna Jurewicz
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Cardiology ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Eye Lens ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Work Practices ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
First Results ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lens Opacities

Abstract Preliminary results of the Polish epidemiology study on eye lens opacities among interventional cardiologists (ICs), based on the methodology proposed by ELDO (epidemiological studies of radio-induced cataracts in interventional cardiologists and radiologists: methodology implementation), are presented. The aim of the study is to test the hypothesis concerning the excess risk of cataract in the group of ICs. The first results concern the study population characteristics, including the most important confounding factors for cataract, as well as a detailed description of the work practices in interventional cardiology needed in order to reconstruct the cumulative eye lens dose. The data from 69 ICs and 23 controls collected based on the general medical questionnaire and the occupational questionnaire (for ICs only) were analyzed. The mean age of ICs and of the control group was 41 and 44, respectively, while the mean duration of work for exposed physicians was 9 years. The analysis of the data from the occupational questionnaire concerning the procedures performed, the use of various access routes, as well as radiation protection tools (eye lens glasses, ceiling suspended transparent shield, etc.) are also presented. On the basis of this information and additional assumptions about the doses per procedure (as well as reduction factors for various types of radiation measures), the cumulative doses to the eye lens of ICs were evaluated. They ranged up to 1.55 Sv and 0.4 Sv for left and right eye, respectively; however, the dose to only 3% of ICs exceeded the new threshold for development of eye lens opacities (0.5 Gy) proposed by the ICRP.

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