TO STUDY THE CORRELATION BETWEEN PLACENTAL
THICKNESS AND AMNIOTIC FLUID INDEX IN THIRD TRIMESTER
OF UNCOMPLICATED PREGNANCY IN INDIAN FEMALES

Introduction: Placenta is the most important temporary organ during pregnancy. Healthy placenta is utmost needed for a healthy baby. Ultrasonography is the preferred modality for antenatal evaluation of placenta. Amniotic fluid plays a major role in fetal growth and development and for adequate amniotic fluid volume, a normally developed placenta is required. Thus, Placental parameters may indirectly affect the amniotic fluid volume which plays a crucial role for fetal development. Material & Methods: One hundred (100) antenatal cases were recruited for the present study. Those women who were with uncomplicated, singleton pregnancy of more than 26 weeks and gave their written informed consent, were taken as subjects. Thickness of the placenta was measured at the level of cord insertion. Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) was obtained by adding the vertical lengths of deepest fluid pockets in four uterine quadrants. Results: The mean placental thickness in third trimester was found as 3.90±1.1cm and mean AFI as 125.20±38.5. Conclusion: A linear but inverse correlation was observed between placental thickness and amniotic fluid index.

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Maternal (oral) hydration increases amniotic fluid volume

Annals of King Edward Medical University ◽

10.21649/akemu.v12i2.893 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Aneela Umber

Keyword(s):

Specific Gravity ◽

Amniotic Fluid ◽

Fluid Volume ◽

Urine Specific Gravity ◽

P Value ◽

Percentage Increase ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Amniotic Fluid Index ◽

Oral Hydration ◽

Amniotic Fluid Volume

Objective:To determine the effect of maternal (oral) hydration on amniotic fluid volume in patients with third trimester oligohydramnios. Design: Interventional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obs & Gynae Unit III, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore from May 2002 to October 2002. Patients and Methods: Twenty five women with third trimester oligohydramnios (AFI ?5.0cm) and twenty five controls with normal amniotic fluid volume (AFI 8-24 cm) were prospectively recruited for this study. Maternal urine specific gravity and amniotic fluid index were determined before and after maternal hydration by asking them to drink 2 L of water in 2-4 hours before repeat amniotic fluid index and recorded on printed proformas. Results: Hydration increased amniotic fluid volume in women with oligohydramnios (mean change in amniotic fluid index 4.3 cm, 95% confidence interval 4.02 to 5.06; P value <0.001); as well as in women with normal fluid volume (mean change in Amniotic fluid index 2.7 cm, 95% confidence interval 2.23 to 3.21; P value <0.01). However, percentage increase in mean AFI was 58.6% in the oligohydramnios group, which was significantly greater (P value <0.05) than the percentage increase of 28.4% in control group. Hydration was associated with decrease in urine specific gravity in both groups. Conclusion: Maternal (oral) hydration increases AFV in women with oligohydramnios as well as in women with normal AFV and may be beneficial in the management of oligohydramnios.

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Sonographic Assessment of Amniotic Fluid Volume using Single Deepest Pocket (SDP) among Igbo Women with Uncomplicated Singleton Pregnancies.

10.33798/ajmas2019/00265. ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 1-18

Author(s):

Chijioke Okeudo ◽

B.U. Ezem

Keyword(s):

Amniotic Fluid ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Fluid Volume ◽

Singleton Pregnancy ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

South Eastern ◽

Amniotic Fluid Volume ◽

The Mean ◽

Singleton Pregnancies

Background: The amniotic fluid is fundamental for proper fetal development and growth. Ultrasound visualization of the amniotic fluid permits both subjective and objective estimates of the amniotic fluid. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the reference values of normal single deepest pocket (SDP) – upper and lower limits, mean SDP and variation of the SDP with gestational age among Igbo women of South-Eastern Nigeria extraction carrying uncomplicated singleton pregnancy. Methodology: This was a prospective cross sectional study involving 400 women carrying uncomplicated singleton pregnancies and who were sure of the date of the first day of their last menstrual period. The single deepest pocket / maximum vertical pool were determined once at presentation at the hospital.. The study was conducted from January 1st to December 31st 2015. The second author carried out all the scanning. The SDP was obtained. Results: The womens’ mean and median ages were the same at 28 years. The gestational age range of the pregnancies was 14-41 weeks. The mean SDP was 5.8cm, while the 5th and 95th percentiles were 3.3cm and 8.5cm respectively. There was no difference in the mean SDP in both term and preterm. There was irregular but continuous rise of mean SDP to a peak of 6.8cm at gestational age of 39 weeks. In conclusion, the participants had a mean SDP of 5.8cm. There was also a positive correlation between SDP and Gestational age. We therefore recommend a longitudinal study to assess perinatal outcome and abnormal amniotic fluid volume among Igbo women of South-Eastern Nigeria. Key words: Single Deepest Pocket, Uncomplicated Singleton Pregnancy, Igbo Women.

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Comparison of Amniotic Fluid Index and Single Deepest Vertical Pocket

Current Women s Health Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573404817666210223162752 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Author(s):

Roopa Padavagodu Shivananda ◽

Rekha Anbu ◽

Shubha Rao ◽

Nivedita Hegde ◽

Anjali Suneel Mundkur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Amniotic Fluid ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Perinatal Outcomes ◽

Fluid Volume ◽

Maternal Outcomes ◽

Amniotic Fluid Index ◽

Amniotic Fluid Volume ◽

Vaginal Deliveries ◽

Nicu Admission

Background: The best method of estimation of amniotic fluid volume is a matter of ongoing debate. Objectives: To determine the perinatal & maternal outcomes in pregnant patients when the amniotic fluid volume was assessed by the amniotic fluid index (AFI) in comparison to the single deepest vertical pocket (SDVP). Methods: We studied abnormal Cardiotocograph, meconium stained amniotic fluid, birth weight <2.5kg, Apgar score at 5 min <7, cord blood pH <7.2 & necessity for NICU admission as perinatal outcomes. Rate of diagnosis of oligohydramnios, induction of labor for oligohydramnios & mode of delivery were observed in maternal outcomes. Results: Of the 697 pregnant patients recruited, 353 were in the AFI and 344 in the SDVP group. Perinatal outcomes were similar in both. In the AFI group, the number of women diagnosed with oligohydramnios was higher (p = 0.0333) & the rate of induction was also higher (p = 0.003378). Vaginal deliveries were more in the SDVP group. The Receiver Operating Characteristic curves showed statistically significant correlation with NICU stay, birth-weight, and mode of delivery. While an AFI of >5cm and SDVP of >1.9cm had good sensitivity in predicting babies with a birth weight of ≥ 2.5kg and avoiding NICU admissions, an AFI of > 5.8cm and an SDVP of > 1.9 cm had a sensitivity of around 80% in predicting successful vaginal deliveries. Conclusion: The SDVP method has a slight edge over the AFI in terms of lower inductions and higher vaginal deliveries with comparable perinatal outcomes.

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Accuracy of the Ultrasound Estimate of the Amniotic Fluid Volume (Amniotic Fluid Index and Single Deepest Pocket) to Identify Actual Low, Normal, and High Amniotic Fluid Volumes as Determined by Quantile Regression

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine ◽

10.1002/jum.15116 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 373-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dawn S. Hughes ◽

Everett F. Magann ◽

Julie R. Whittington ◽

Michael P. Wendel ◽

Adam T. Sandlin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantile Regression ◽

Amniotic Fluid ◽

Fluid Volume ◽

Amniotic Fluid Index ◽

Amniotic Fluid Volume

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Comparison of Amniotic Fluid Index and Single Deepest Vertical Pool method for predicting fetal outcome

Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal ◽

10.3126/jcmsn.v13i4.16893 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 401-405

Author(s):

Rajiv Shah ◽

Paban Sharma

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Data Collection ◽

Amniotic Fluid ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Well Being ◽

Fluid Volume ◽

Study Group ◽

Amniotic Fluid Index ◽

Amniotic Fluid Volume ◽

Significant Difference

Background & Objectives: The measurement of amniotic fluid volume (AFV) has been an important component of antenatal evaluation of fetal well being. The most commonly used methods are by amniotic fluid index technique (AFI) and single deepest pool method (SDVP). Both the methods employ ultrasound for AFV measurement. The objective of this study is to compare the usefulness of AFI and SDVP method in assessing amniotic fluid volume for predicting adverse perinatal outcome.Materials & Methods: This is a hospital based prospective comparative study. The patient whose amniotic fluid was measured by SDVP technique was study group and that by AFI was comparison group. Any case with high risk factor was excluded from the study. First case was decided by lottery and then alternately one case was kept in study group and the other in comparative group. If the women did not deliver within 1 week the measurements was retaken and the final values was used for analysis.AFI was estimated as described by Phelan and colleagues and SDVP as described by Manning. Data collection was started after the approval of Institution review board. This study was conducted at Patan Academy of Health Sciences. Duration of data collection was 3 months, Asadh –Bhadra, 2071.Results: A total of one hundred and fifty four cases which met the inclusion criteria were taken. Incidence of oligohydramnios by SDVP method was 10.4 % by SDVP technique and by AFI method it was 18.2 %. There was no statistical significant difference between the two groups in terms of rate of induction, mode of delivery, meconium staining of liquor, fetal heart rate tracings, APGAR score at 5 mins and admission to special care baby unit.Conclusion: In non-high risk pregnancy AFI technique detects slightly more number of oligohydramnios as compared to SDVP technique without apparently any difference in perinatal outcome.

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Maternal and Perinatal outcomes of oligohydramnios in a tertiary care hospital in Salem, Tamil Nadu, India

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20191946 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 1939

Author(s):

Jeyamani B. ◽

Anurekha J. P. ◽

Arun Daniel J.

Keyword(s):

Amniotic Fluid ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Caesarean Section Rate ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Perinatal Outcomes ◽

Fluid Volume ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Amniotic Fluid Index ◽

Amniotic Fluid Volume

Background: Oligohydramnios is the term coined for a condition where the amount of liquor amnii is less than 200 ml at term. Using an ultrasonogram, oligohydramnios can be deliberated when the vertical pocket of liquor is less than 2 cm or when amniotic fluid index (AFI) is less than 5 cm. Oligohydramnios is reported to occur in 1 to 5% of total pregnancies. It has been associated with adverse maternal and foetal outcomes.Methods: This hospital-based follow-up study was conducted among 540 pregnant women at 37 weeks attending to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology for a period of 1 year from January to December 2018. All included pregnant women were subjected to routine ultrasound examination and assessment of amniotic fluid volume using Amniotic fluid index.Results: The incidence of oligohydramnios was 17.04% (n=92) among the included women and 62% (n=57) among them were primigravida. Among those women diagnosed with Oligohydramnios, the caesarean section rate was 56.5% (n=52), the common indications for LSCS being fetal distress 44. 2% (n=23) and IUGR 34.6% (n=18). The oligohydramnios pregnancies had more associated post-dated deliveries (28.3%), pregnancy induced hypertension (10.9%) and gestational diabetes (8.7%). It was also associated with higher incidence of low birth weight (27.2%), NICU admissions (32.6%), congenital anomalies (3.3%) and fetal deaths (5.4%).Conclusions: The study showed that an amniotic fluid index of less than 5 at term was associated with adverse maternal and perinatal pregnancy outcomes emphasizing the importance of amniotic fluid volume surveillance during the antenatal period.

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