scholarly journals Gastropod diversity at Pulau Punyit and the nearby shoreline – a reflection of Brunei’s vulnerable rocky intertidal communities

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Marshall ◽  
Azmi Aminuddin ◽  
Pg Saimon Pg Hj Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Rocky Shore ◽  
Rocky Intertidal ◽  
Habitat Availability ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Gastropod Species ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Intertidal Gastropod ◽  
High Shore

Pulau Punyit (PPUN), a small islet on the South China Sea coastline of Brunei Darussalam, represents a significant portion of the country’s natural rocky-shore ecosystem. We carried out a rapid survey of the intertidal gastropod species richness at PPUN, and compared this with species richness at other nearby natural and artificial rocky shores [Tungku Punyit (TPUN), Pantai Jerudong (PJER), Jerudong Park Medical Centre (JPMC) and Pantai Tungku (TUNK)]. A total of thirty two (32) species were collected from all of the shores. Species richness was greatest at the two natural shores studied (numbering 21 and 22 species at PPUN and TPUN, respectively), while the artificial shores were relatively depauperate. The natural shores however differed in species composition, abundance and body size of gastropods. These attributes varied with shore height, and appeared to relate to height-specific differences in abiotic stresses at the shores - at PPUN the high-shore is more exposed to the wind and sun, whereas at TPUN the mid-shore experiences greater sedimentation and mainland acidic seepage. Faunistic differences between the artificial and natural shores (Bray-Curtis similarity analysis) seemingly associate more closely with degree of habitat availability and abiotic stress than with shore proximity. We conclude that the country’s rocky intertidal biodiversity, as reflected by the gastropod diversity, is mainly constituted by the natural rocky shore system. Because this is spatially constrained and vulnerable to locality-specific environmental stresses, this diversity is threatened and deserving of greater protection status.

Uniformitarianism as a guide to rocky-shore ecosystems in the geological record

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 1119-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markes E Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Shore ◽  
Rocky Intertidal ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Continuous Transition ◽  
Geological Record ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Igneous Origin ◽  
Regional Basis ◽  
Insight Into

Literature on Pleistocene and Neogene rocky shores is reviewed from a uniformitarian perspective to assess the fidelity of physical and biological information entrained in the geological record through present-day processes. Coverage by latitude spans tropical to subarctic shores. Variations in paleotopography are illustrated by unconformities between sedimentary accumulations and rocks of igneous or non-igneous origin. Former rocky shores occur across a range of geographic scales that include (i) spot localities, (ii) embayments with continuous transition from exposed outer to protected inner shores, and (iii) entire islands with windward and leeward shores. Differences in rate and magnitude of sea-level change affect rocky-shore physiography. Terrace deposits characterize the Pleistocene, but ramp deposits typify older Neogene shores. On average, species with hard parts account for about 50% of the modern rocky intertidal fauna on a regional basis, regardless of latitude. Biodiversity is highest in mid-latitudes. Fixed organisms with encrusting, wedging, or boring habits (corals, barnacles, oysters, other bivalves, and vermetid gastropods) show high potential for fossilization in growth position. Mobile organisms that cling to rocks (gastropods, crabs, and echinoids) suffer post-mortem transport but may be immured within neptunian dikes or interstices among cobbles and boulders. At best, localized fossil deposits from the Pleistocene reflect <30% of the biodiversity of skeletonized organisms tabulated from modern rocky shores on a regional basis. Uniformitarianism provides little insight into the diversity of soft-bodied organisms (excluding stromatolites) that joined the ecosystem in Precambrian times and the extent to which soft-bodied organisms dominated shore life through later times.

scholarly journals Application of a Simple, Low-Cost, Low-Tech Method to Monitor Intertidal Rocky Shore Assemblages on a Broad Geographic Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Livore ◽  
María M. Mendez ◽  
Eduardo Klein ◽  
Lorena Arribas ◽  
Gregorio Bigatti
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Shore ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Rocky Intertidal ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Geographic Scale ◽  
Regional Collaboration ◽  
Biodiversity Changes

Identifying susceptible regions where biodiversity changes occur at fast rates is essential in order to protect and ameliorate affected areas. Large-scale coastal monitoring programs that focus on long-term variability are scarce, yet the Marine Biodiversity Observation Network Pole to Pole is currently developing a regional collaboration throughout the American continent collecting biodiversity data in coastal habitats with a standardized systematic protocol. The use of photographic methods to collect assemblage data on intertidal rocky shores can be appropriate. The goal of this study was to analyze the performance of a simple, low-cost, non-destructive and low-tech photographic method on a broad geographical scale (∼ 2,000 km) of Atlantic Patagonian coastline. Concurrently, we aimed to identify indicators whose cover, presence or condition can be followed in time and used as beacons of change in biodiversity on these rocky intertidal shores. We also explored the potential relationships between assemblage structure and environmental variables, such as seascape classes. We identified and propose cover of mytilids, Corallina spp. and bare substrate as indicators of change due to their ecological relevance in intertidal assemblages and their visible and rapid response to human stressors or changes in environmental conditions. Finally, we illustrate the practicality and usefulness of remotely accessible environmental data, for instance the seascape classes approach as an integrative tool for large-scale rocky shore studies.

Does the native predator Trophon geversianus exert top-down control on the invasive barnacle Balanus glandula on Patagonian rocky shores?

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 1552
Author(s):  
María José Pio ◽  
María M. Mendez ◽  
David E. Galván ◽  
Gregorio Bigatti ◽  
Kaydee West ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Shore ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Rocky Intertidal ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Stable Carbon ◽  
Balanus Glandula ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Intertidal Environments

Trophic interactions between the native gastropod predator Trophon geversianus and the invasive barnacle Balanus glandula may have facilitated the successful expansion of the barnacle along rocky intertidal coastlines in Argentina. In this study, through field observations and a stable isotope reconstruction of the diet of T. geversianus, we assessed whether and how frequently this drilling muricid gastropod consumes the invasive B. glandula on a Patagonian rocky shore. Field observations indicated that B. glandula and T. geversianus co-occur in the middle intertidal. Feeding observations and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope dietary reconstructions showed that T. geversianus readily and successfully consumes B. glandula, but at low rates (4% of diet) relative to native mussel prey, which compete with B. glandula for space. This study shows that T. geversianus exerts little top-down control on this invasive barnacle on Patagonian rocky shores. The success of B. glandula on these shores is plausibly enhanced directly by this weak interaction and indirectly by the preference of T. geversianus for native prey rather than the absence of predators or invader immunity from predation. The results of this study complement previous studies that have shown that tolerance to extreme desiccation stress in harsh intertidal environments is crucial for the establishment of B. glandula.

Intensity of Human Predation on Rocky Shores at Las Cruces in Central Chile

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. René Durán ◽  
Juan Carlos Castilla ◽  
Doris Oliva
Keyword(s):  
Activity Pattern ◽  
Rocky Shore ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Temporal Grouping ◽  
Human Predation

The rocky shore of central Chile is heavily harvested by mariscadores de orilla and skin-divers, but their catches are not considered in the fishery statistics. The aim of the present paper is to estimate the intensity of human predation and annual catch of each of the species taken at Las Cruces, Central Chile. The activity pattern of both categories of collectors demonstrate a temporal grouping. The observation of mariscadores de orilla and skin-divers in 3 sectors of fringe totalling 1,500 m of rocky shore during 12 months allowed us to estimate the annual catch per species caught (kg per year).

scholarly journals Method for monitoring intertidal communities in a steep rocky shore: a combination of digital image technology and field operational strategy

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danuza Nogueira Moysés ◽  
Andréa de Oliveira R. Junqueira ◽  
Helena Passeri Lavrado ◽  
Sérgio Henrique Gonçalves da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Benthic Invertebrate ◽  
Rocky Intertidal ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Percent Cover ◽  
Intertidal Communities ◽  
Time Reproduction ◽  
Over Time

This paper introduces a method for temporal studies of steep rocky intertidal communities. It combines the use of digital image technology with field methodology, so that a wide area of the community can be sampled in a short time. Two current nondestructive percent cover estimation methods (visual estimation and point intersection) were compared in terms of cost, operational advantages and data quality, with a proposed method for a sucessional study . The proposed method used sequential photos to sample multiple fixed vertical transects over time. Reproduction of the mid-intertidal transect over time was possible by overlaying temporal transects in an image editing program. This method was similar to the point intersection quadrat method used to estimate percent cover. Benefits included reduced time on field work, economic advantages and other advantages of using digital photography, such as recording. Temporal photography of transects provided measurements of recruitment, mortality and population growth, and made it possible to manufacture an animation of sucessional stages. We suggest that this is the best method for providing information and understanding on the process of succession and for monitoring benthic invertebrate intertidal communities on steep rocky shores.

scholarly journals Discovery of a new species of genus Typhlodromus Scheuten (Acari: Phytoseiidae: Typhlodrominae) on rocky shore habitat from Lanyu Island

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1639
Author(s):  
Jhih-Rong Liao ◽  
Chyi-Chen Ho ◽  
Chiun-Cheng Ko
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rocky Shore ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Phytoseiid Mites ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

Phytoseiid mites have been intensively surveyed in Taiwan during the past decades because of their potential as biological control agent. Despite the fact, many regions of Taiwan remain under-explored especially in mountain areas and neighboring islands. Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) crossostephium sp. nov. was collected from Crossostephium chinense (L.) Makino (Asteraceae) on rocky shore habitat during a survey on Lanyu Island. In this paper, presence of a phytoseiid mite on rocky shores is reported for the first time. A detailed morphological description of the new species and a key to the Taiwanese species of subgenus Anthoseius are provided.

Intensified grazing affects endemic plant and gastropod diversity in alpine grasslands of the Southern Carpathian mountains (Romania)

Biologia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Baur ◽  
Cristina Cremene ◽  
Gheorghe Groza ◽  
Anatoli Schileyko ◽  
Anette Baur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Alpine Grasslands ◽  
Gastropod Species ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
The Carpathians ◽  
Steep Slopes

AbstractAlpine grasslands in the Southern Carpathian Mts, Romania, harbour an extraordinarily high diversity of plants and invertebrates, including Carpathic endemics. In the past decades, intensive sheep grazing has caused a dramatic decrease in biodiversity and even led to eroded soils at many places in the Carpathians. Because of limited food resources, sheep are increasingly forced to graze on steep slopes, which were formerly not grazed by livestock and are considered as local biodiversity hotspots. We examined species richness, abundance and number of endemic vascular plants and terrestrial gastropods on steep slopes that were either grazed by sheep or ungrazed by livestock in two areas of the Southern Carpathians. On calcareous soils in the Bucegi Mts, a total of 177 vascular plant and 19 gastropod species were recorded. Twelve plant species (6.8%) and three gastropod species (15.8%) were endemic to the Carpathians. Grazed sites had lower plant and gastropod species richness than ungrazed sites. Furthermore, grazed sites harboured fewer gastropod species endemic to the Carpathians than ungrazed sites. On acid soils in the Fagaras Mts, a total of 96 vascular plant and nine gastropod species were found. In this mountain area, however, grazed and ungrazed sites did not differ in species richness, abundance and number of endemic plant and gastropod species. Our findings confirm the high biodiversity of grasslands on steep slopes in the Southern Carpathian Mts and caution against increasing grazing pressure in these refuges for relic plants and gastropods as well as for other invertebrates.

scholarly journals Mollusk Species Richness on the Rocky Shores of the State of Guerrero, Mexico, as Affected by Rains and Their Geographical Distribution

2012 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 248-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flores-Rodríguez Pedro ◽  
Flores-Garza Rafael ◽  
García-Ibánez Sergio ◽  
Valdés-González Arcadio ◽  
Violante-González Juan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
The State ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Mollusk Species

scholarly journals Disturbance alters ecosystem engineering by a canopy-forming alga

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline B. Pocklington ◽  
Stuart R. Jenkins ◽  
Alecia Bellgrove ◽  
Michael J. Keough ◽  
Tim D. O'Hara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Ascophyllum Nodosum ◽  
Ecosystem Engineering ◽  
Rocky Intertidal ◽  
Coralline Algae ◽  
Littorina Obtusata ◽  
Invertebrate Species ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Pulse Disturbance

Canopy-forming fucoid algae have an important role as ecosystem engineers on rocky intertidal shores, where they increase the abundance of species otherwise limited by exposure during low tide. The facilitative relationship between Ascophyllum nodosum and associated organisms was explored using a frond breakage experiment (100%, 50%, 25%, 0% intact-frond treatments) in southern England, to assess the consequences of disturbance. Understorey substratum temperature was on average 3°C higher in 0% and 25% intact-frond treatments than in plots with 50% and 100% intact fronds. Light (as PAR during low tide) doubled in 0% intact-frond treatments in comparison to other treatments (which had similar light levels). Mobile invertebrate species richness declined by on average 1 species per m2 in the treatments with only 25% and 0% intact fronds, and the abundance of Littorina obtusata declined by 2.4–4.2 individuals per m2 in the treatments with 25 and 0% intact fronds. Sessile taxa, including Osmundea pinnatifida and encrusting coralline algae, declined by half on average in the 0% intact-frond treatment. These results suggest that the ability of Ascophyllum to mediate environmental conditions to the understorey is the mechanism responsible for species distributed in the understorey (autogenic ecosystem engineering). The results of this study imply that a pulse disturbance resulting in a 50% breakage of Ascophyllum fronds significantly increases temperature and decreases the abundance of mobile invertebrates usually associated with Ascophyllum. Sessile taxa associated with Ascophyllum can, however, withstand disturbances down to 25% intact Ascophyllum fronds.

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