scholarly journals Comparative Study of Sensory Attributes of Leafy Green Vegetables Grown Under Organic and Conventional Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-45
Author(s):  
Kripa Dhakal ◽  
Ramasamy Ravi ◽  
Dilip Nandwani
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
State University ◽  
Leafy Greens ◽  
Row Covers ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Consumer Panel ◽  
Swiss Chard ◽  
Conventional Production ◽  
Sensory Qualities ◽  
Instrumental Methods

This study was carried out to compare the sensory qualities of leafy green vegetables (collard, kale, lettuce and swiss chard) grown under organic and conventional production systems. Four leafy greens were produced on an organically and conventionally managed research farm of Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN in Spring 2019 and 2020. Crops in a conventional field were grown in the open field, whereas in organic field crops were grown in the open and under three different row covers (agribon cloth, insect net and plastic). Row covers in organic systems were used to protect crops from insect damage. Plant samples were collected from all the treatments and evaluated for sensory qualities including color, texture, taste, odor and flavor following two approaches i.e., instrumental and via consumer panel perception. Consumer panel perception results showed minor differences in the sensory qualities between organic and inorganically produced leafy greens. Instrumental methods showed no differences in color parameters of kale, lettuce and swiss chard grown under organic and conventional production systems. In collard, the lightness (L*), b* (yellow-blue axis), brightness (Y) and chroma (C) values were higher in conventional, while hue angle was higher in organic (open). There were no differences in instrumental textural values of organically and conventionally grown leafy greens. Among row covers, the textural value of collard and kale was higher in open relative to row covers. The content of main quality contributors 1-Hexanol was higher in conventionally grown collard compared to organic (open). Aldehyde compound was higher in organically grown kale and trans-hex-2-enyl-acetate (Ester) compound was higher in conventionally grown kale. Monoterpenes were higher in organic lettuce and ketones were higher in conventionally grown lettuce. Overall, there were not many differences in the sensory qualities of leafy greens grown under organic and conventional production systems. Further comparative studies between organic and conventional systems on sensory qualities of leafy greens are needed.

scholarly journals Performance of advanced potato genotypes in organic and conventional production systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Carlos Francisco Ragassi ◽  
Agnaldo DF de Carvalho ◽  
Giovani Olegário da Silva ◽  
Gabriel Emiliano Pereira ◽  
Arione da S Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Conventional System ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Input Use ◽  
Conventional Production ◽  
New Cultivars

ABSTRACT Potato is responsive to intensive agricultural input use; however, it can be produced in less intensive production systems (such as the organic system) by using appropriate production techniques and genotypes adapted to this system. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of advanced potato genotypes for tuber yield under conventional and organic production systems, in order to select potential genotypes to become new cultivars adapted to these systems. Fifteen advanced potato clones and two controls were evaluated under organic and conventional production systems, in 2016 and 2017, in Brasília-DF, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with three replicates and plots composed of two rows with 10 plants each, spaced 0.35 m between plants and 0.80 m between rows. Total (mass) and marketable (mass and number of tubers) productivities were evaluated. Variance analysis showed significant differences among genotypes for all traits. Despite the lower average tuber yield in the organic system, selecting genotypes with high potential productivity was possible in this system, such as F158-08-01 and F158-08-02, showing high marketable tuber yield, with values equivalent to the conventional system. Clones F102-08-04, F13-09-07, F-18-09-03, F-183-08-01, F-21-09-07, F31-08-05, F63-10-07 and F97-07-03 also outperformed the control cultivars in organic system. For conventional system, F158-08-01, F158-08-02 and F183-08-01 were superior, and F18-09-03, F21-09-07, F63-10-07, F97-07-03, PCDINV10 and PCDSE090 showed performance similar or superior to the most productive control (cultivar Asterix). Genotypes F158-08-01 and F158-08-02 were superior in both conventional and organic systems, with potential to become new cultivars recommended for both production systems.

Developing fruit cultivars for organic production systems: A review with examples from apple and strawberry

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 1369-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Resistance Selection ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Selection Environment ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Conventional Production

The amount of fruit and vegetables produced under organic production systems, irrespective of how “organic” is delimited, has been steadily increasing. Organic production is largely based on cultivars that were originally developed for conventional production systems. The prospects of breeding specifically for organic systems are intriguing. One approach is identifying the major constraints with which organic growers must contend (often diseases or insect pests) and then incorporating stable genetic resistance. A more complex approach is to define an organic crop ideotype and derive an index of traits as a selection criterion. How effective are these methods expected to be for improving clonally-propagated fruit crops? In addition to the importance of the breeding goals, the technologies employed are also of concern. The topic will be examined with special reference to breeding strawberries and apples. Key words: Fruit breeding, strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.), apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.), disease resistance, selection environment

scholarly journals Viability of a prediction system for tomato late blight in the integrated production of tomato in Caçador, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter F Becker ◽  
Siegfried Mueller ◽  
Janaína P dos Santos ◽  
Anderson Fernando Wamser ◽  
Atsuo Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Prediction System ◽  
Alert System ◽  
Integrated Production ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Conventional Production

An alert system for tomato late blight was validated in an Integrated Production System (IP) in the 2006-2007 and 2007-2008 season in Caçador, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. The late blight is a destructive disease and demands 25 or more fungicide sprayings per season in a Conventional Production (CP) System. For the CP area, the chemical control was according to the growers' production systems and consisted of weekly sprays soon after planting. For the IP area, the criterion for the first fungicide spray was according to Machardy (1972) and for subsequent ones according to Wallin (1962), when the disease severity values (DSV) reached eight points. There was a decrease on the fungicide application in the IP, not only in the number of fungicide sprays (23-28%) but also in the amount of active ingredient (34.5-60.9%). Fungicides classified as highly toxic (class I) were not used in IP. There were no significant differences among the use of alert system on IP and the weekly schedules on CP with regard to final disease severity in the 2006-2007 season, but it was significantly lower in the second trial on plants for IP area. The IP system significantly increased tomato yield (7.6-25.5%) compared with CP system and reduced fungicide cost up to US$539/ha. The use of alert system could be a valuable and affordable tool in managing tomato late blight in Integrated Production of tomatoes in Caçador.

scholarly journals BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM DAIRY CATTLE MANURE, UNDER ORGANIC AND CONVENTIONAL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1081-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila F. Matos ◽  
Juliana L. Paes ◽  
Érika F. M. Pinheiro ◽  
David V. B. De Campos
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Conventional Production

scholarly journals Effect of Greenhouse CO2 Supplementation on Yield and Mineral Element Concentrations of Leafy Greens Grown Using Nutrient Film Technique

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hardeep Singh ◽  
Megha R. Poudel ◽  
Bruce L. Dunn ◽  
Charles Fontanier ◽  
Gopal Kakani
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Greenhouse Production ◽  
Leafy Greens ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Nutrient Film Technique ◽  
Swiss Chard ◽  
Photosynthetic Assimilation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Hydroponically Grown

Carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration is reported to be the most important climate variable in greenhouse production with its effect on plant photosynthetic assimilation. A greenhouse study was conducted using a nutrient film technique (NFT) system to quantify the effect of two different levels of CO2 (supplemented at an average of 800 ppm and ambient at ~410 ppm) on growth and nutritional quality of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) ‘Cardinal’, lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) ‘Auvona’, and Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.) ‘Magenta Sunset’ cultivars. Two identical greenhouses were used: one with CO2 supplementation and the other serving as the control with an ambient CO2 concentration. The results indicate that supplemented CO2 could significantly increase the height and width of hydroponically grown leafy greens. Supplemented CO2 increased the fresh weight of basil ‘Cardinal’, lettuce ‘Auvona’, and Swiss chard ‘Magenta Sunset’ by 29%, 24.7%, and 39.5%, respectively, and dry weight by 34.4%, 21.4%, and 40.1%, respectively. These results correspond to a significant reduction in Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) and atLEAF values, which represent a decrease in leaf chlorophyll content under supplemented CO2 conditions. Chlorophyll, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and magnesium (Mg) concentrations were generally lower in plants grown in supplemented CO2 conditions, but the results were not consistent for each species. Supplemented CO2 reduced tissue N concentration for basil ‘Cardinal’ and lettuce ‘Auvona’ but not Swiss chard, while Mg concentration was reduced in supplemented CO2 for Swiss chard ‘Magenta Sunset’ only. In contrast, Fe concentration was increased under supplemented CO2 for basil ‘Cardinal’ only. These findings suggest CO2 supplementation could increase yield of leafy greens grown with hydroponics and have varying impact on different mineral concentrations among species.

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