Elias’s Explanation of the European Civilizing Process

Education is an important factor in human life. According to Ki Hajar Dewantara, education is a civilizing process that a business gives high values ??to the new generation in a society that is not only maintenance but also with a view to promote and develop the culture of the nobility toward human life. Education is a human investment that can be used now and in the future. One other important factor in supporting human life in addition to education, which is technology. In this globalization era, technology has touched every joint of human life. The combination of these two factors will be a new innovation in the world of education. The innovation has been implemented by Raharja College, namely the use of the method iLearning (Integrated Learning) in the learning process. Where such learning has been online based. ILearning method consists of TPI (Ten Pillars of IT iLearning). Rinfo is one of the ten pillars, where it became an official email used by the whole community’s in Raharja College to communicate with each other. Rinfo is Gmail, which is adapted from the Google platform with typical raharja.info as its domain. This Rinfo is a medium of communication, as well as a tool to support the learning process in Raharja College. Because in addition to integrated with TPi, this Rinfo was connected also support with other learning tools, such as Docs, Drive, Sites, and other supporting tools.

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Conclusion: Manners in Thailand’s Civilizing Process

A History of Manners and Civility in Thailand ◽

10.1017/9781108868006.009 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 242-247

Keyword(s):

Civilizing Process

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Sport and Leisure in the `Civilizing Process'

Theory Culture & Society ◽

10.1177/026327687004002023 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 4 (2-3) ◽

pp. 563-570 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

David Jary

Keyword(s):

Civilizing Process

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Sublimity and the Civilizing Process

American Quarterly ◽

10.2307/2712827 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 38 (5) ◽

pp. 854

Author(s):

David C. Miller ◽

Elizabeth McKinsey

Keyword(s):

Civilizing Process

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Danish humor in cross-cultural professional settings: linguistic and social aspects

Humor - International Journal of Humor Research ◽

10.1515/humor-2013-0044 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Lita Lundquist

Keyword(s):

Power Distance ◽

Work Relationships ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Social Aspects ◽

Theoretical Frameworks ◽

Historical Process ◽

Sociological Approach ◽

Civilizing Process ◽

Norbert Elias ◽

Low Degree

AbstractThe specificities of national humor are often mentioned in humor research, but seldom explained in depth. This article concerns two studies, which reveal that Danish humor (as used in professional settings) is judged by Danes and non-Danes alike as ironic, self-ironic, sarcastic, and direct, with no limits or taboos. These characteristics of Danish humor are analyzed here using two different theoretical frameworks: linguistics – where an explanation is found in certain type-specific features of the Danish language, namely the dialogical particles typical of the Nordic languages in general – and the historico-sociological approach proposed by Norbert Elias. According to Elias, the mentality of a people has been molded through an ongoing historical process of civilization. The civilizing process specific to Danish society has engendered a “campfire mentality”, leading up to the egalitarian, consensual welfare state. Work relationships in Denmark are based on a horizontal, flat structure with low power distance, a structure for which management researchers actually recommend the use of humor, irony and self-irony. Finally, the specificities of Danish humor are linked to a low degree of gelotophobia, the fear of being laughed at, among Danes.

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Pain and the Aesthetics of US Literary Realism

10.1093/oso/9780198858737.001.0001 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Cynthia J. Davis

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Henry James ◽

Mark Twain ◽

William Dean Howells ◽

Literary Realism ◽

Physical Pain ◽

Civilizing Process ◽

Physical Suffering ◽

Convergence And Divergence ◽

Similarities And Differences

This book examines the cultural pursuit of a painless ideal as a neglected context for US literary realism. Advances in anesthesia in the final decades of the nineteenth century together with influential religious ideologies helped strengthen the equation of a comfortable existence insulated from physical suffering with the height of civilization. Theories of the civilizing process as intensifying sensitivity to suffering were often adduced to justify a revulsion from physical pain among the postbellum elite. Yet a sizeable portion of this elite rejected this comfort-seeking, pain-avoiding aesthetic as a regrettable consequence of over-civilization. Proponents of the strenuous cult instead identified pain and strife as essential ingredients of an invigorated life. The Ache of the Actual examines variants on a lesser known counter-sensibility integral to the writings of a number of influential literary realists. William Dean Howells, Henry James, Edith Wharton, Mark Twain, and Charles Chesnutt each delineated alternative definitions of a superior sensibility indebted to suffering rather than to either revulsion from or immersion in it. They resolved the binary contrast between pain-aversion on one side and pain-immersion on the other by endorsing an uncommon responsiveness to pain whose precise form depended on the ethical and aesthetic priorities of the writer in question. Focusing on these variations elucidates the similarities and differences within US literary realism while revealing areas of convergence and divergence between realism and other long-nineteenth-century literary modes, chief among them both sentimentalism and naturalism, that were similarly preoccupied with pain.

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Making Europe—Processes of Europe-Formation since 1945

The Sociological Review ◽

10.1111/j.1467-954x.2000.tb03513.x ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 48 (1_suppl) ◽

pp. 235-256

Author(s):

Dennis Smith

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Western Europe ◽

State Level ◽

The United States ◽

Social Processes ◽

National Society ◽

The European Union ◽

National State ◽

Civilizing Process ◽

Norbert Elias

Dennis Smith argues that the development of the European polity that has become the European Union has been shaped by social processes similar in many respects to those analysed by Norbert Elias in The Court Society and The Civilizing Process. However, these processes have occurred at the supra-state level whereas Elias described them as they occurred at the level of the developing national state, especially during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. During the 1940s and 1950s the United States played a key role in pacifying the European nations and imposing a framework of rules for the conduct of their economic and diplomatic affairs. States in western Europe were increasingly locked into tight bonds of interdependence. This movement towards integration was complemented by the disembedding of regions and large businesses from their close ties to the national state; they became ‘Europeanised’. Brussels became Europe's Versailles, a place where the courtier's skills were employed by the lobbyist. It is suggested that just as France represented, in Elias's eyes, a vanguard society within Europe in respect of the civilising process at the level of the national society, the European Union may play such a role globally in respect of developments at the supra-state level.

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