scholarly journals Delphi in Criminal Justice Policy: A Case Study on Judgmental Forecasting

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Loyens ◽  
Jeroen Maesschalck ◽  
Geert Bouckaert
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Delphi Method ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Criminal Justice Policy ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Social Trends ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems ◽  
Judgmental Forecasting

This article provides an in-depth case study analysis of a pilot project organized by the section "Strategic Analysis" of the Belgian Federal Police. Using the Delphi method, which is a judgmental forecasting technique, a panel of experts was questioned about future developments of crime, based on their expertise in criminal or social trends. The results demonstrate how police authorities could implement judgmental forecasting methods like Delphi methodology for the anticipation of future criminal trends, and how this technique, applied under specific conditions, can complement current crime analysis techniques. This article will not focus on criminal trends that were forecasted in the pilot project, but on the preconditions for using the Delphi method in criminal justice policy. Hence, this article could contribute to future applications of judgmental forecasting techniques by practitioners in both criminal justice systems and other policy domains.

“We’ll Take the Tough Ones”

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-584
Author(s):  
Chrysanthi S. Leon ◽  
Corey S. Shdaimah
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Diversion Programs ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Professional Goals ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Justice Systems

Expertise in multi-door criminal justice enables new forms of intervention within existing criminal justice systems. Expertise provides criminal justice personnel with the rationale and means to use their authority in order to carry out their existing roles for the purpose of doing (what they see as) good. In the first section, we outline theoretical frameworks derived from Gil Eyal’s sociology of expertise and Thomas Haskell’s evolution of moral sensibility. We use professional stakeholder interview data (N = 45) from our studies of three emerging and existing prostitution diversion programs as a case study to illustrate how criminal justice actors use what we define as primary, secondary, and tertiary expertise in multi-agency working groups. Actors make use of the tools at their disposal—in this case, the concept of trauma—to further personal and professional goals. As our case study demonstrates, professionals in specialized diversion programs recognize the inadequacy of criminal justice systems and believe that women who sell sex do so as a response to past harms and a lack of social, emotional, and material resources to cope with their trauma. Trauma shapes the kinds of interventions and expertise that are marshalled in response. Specialized programs create seepage that may reduce solely punitive responses and pave the way for better services. However empathetic, they do nothing to address the societal forces that are the root causes of harm and resultant trauma. This may have more to do with imagined capacities than with the objectively best approaches.

scholarly journals Exploring criminal justice policy transfer models and mobilities using a case study of violence reduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 174889582199160
Author(s):  
William Graham ◽  
Annette Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Policy Transfer ◽  
Social Constructionist ◽  
Criminal Justice Policy ◽  
Gang Violence ◽  
Single Model ◽  
Violence Reduction ◽  
Transfer Models

Although there is growing interest in criminal justice policy transfer, a dearth of empirical research in this area has been acknowledged. This article addresses this gap by presenting the results of research conducted on a case of policy transfer of a criminal justice programme, focused on group/gang violence reduction, from America to Scotland. Policy transfer models were used to develop, frame and conduct the analysis of what was considered a ‘successful’ programme transfer; however, it was found that no single model could fully account conceptually for a key finding of the research, namely a policy transfer ‘backflow’. This article details the key processes, mechanisms and outcomes of the policy transfer and in doing so reflects on the usefulness of orthodox and non-orthodox/social-constructionist policy transfer approaches in understanding the outcomes of this case of criminal justice programme transfer.

Prevention and Criminal Justice

2020 ◽  
pp. 201-220
Author(s):  
Paul Cairney ◽  
Emily St Denny
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Criminal Justice Policy ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Window Of Opportunity ◽  
Target Populations ◽  
Policy Shift ◽  
The Uk

First, we describe the general issues that governments face when pursuing social and criminal justice policies in a multi-centric environment. Both governments manage the same tensions between relatively punitive and individual versus supportive and population-wide measures to reduce crime, as part of an overall cross-cutting focus on prevention and early intervention. Second, we identify the historic policymaking strategies that UK governments have used to combine social policy and criminal justice policy, often with reference to target populations who—according to several UK ministers—do not pay their fair share to society and do not deserve state help. Third, we show how such trends influence preventive policies in specific areas such as drugs policy, in which the UK still reserves responsibility for drugs classification. Fourth, we use this UK context to identify the extent to which Scottish policy has a greater emphasis of social over criminal justice. To do so, we use the case study of a window of opportunity for a public health approach to serious violence. We focus on Scotland as the relatively innovative government on this issue, to provide context for initial analysis of the UK government’s proposed policy shift.

Concluding Comments

2020 ◽  
pp. 339-346
Author(s):  
Jacqueline S. Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Fair Trial ◽  
Criminal Justice Policy ◽  
Terrorist Threat ◽  
Political Values ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
The Core ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems

Centering on the criminal justice systems of England and Wales and France, this book has analyzed recent changes in criminal justice policy trends and process values as they have played out across the core functions of prosecution and defense, as well as how systems malfunction and seek to correct themselves in different ways. Both jurisdictions face common challenges, such as the changing terrorist threat, the constraints of public sector austerity, and the need to adapt to pan-European measures and standards of fair trial. The ways in which, through their criminal law and procedure, they resist, respond, or adapt to these challenges illuminate the legal and political values that motivate criminal justice in each jurisdiction. This in turn invites reflection on the nature and significance of the two contrasting procedural traditions within which they understand themselves to be located....

Police organizational failure and decoupling: Identifying precursors to failure through the rampart commission

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Amanda Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Organizational Characteristics ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Study Analysis ◽  
Organizational Failure ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
Organizational Dysfunction

In criminal justice organizations, organizational failure can have catastrophic, often tragic, repercussions. Through the theoretical framework of coupling, this work studies a past organizational failure, the Rampart incident in Los Angeles, and determine what organizational characteristics led to the failure. Using case study analysis, this article investigates circumstances leading to organizational dysfunction, the categories of failure are coded and analyzed to determine precursors to organizational failure. Ultimately, this article shows that police organizational failure is not simply the case of misconduct or deviance, but rather a natural occurrence that can be precipitated by organizational precursors. From these precursors, it should be possible to develop a template which could identify organizations at risk for failure.

Criminal justice policy inside-out: An initial case study in education among police and incarcerated men

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-264
Author(s):  
Norman Conti ◽  
Adam Burston ◽  
Jesse Wozniak ◽  
Elaine Frantz
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Criminal Justice Policy ◽  
Occupational Culture ◽  
Direct Benefits ◽  
Incarcerated Men ◽  
Recruit Training ◽  
Inside Out

This project discusses the development and implementation of a three-credit graduate/undergraduate course, offered to police officers and incarcerated men, that would eventually become part of the city’s recruit training academy. The initial class consisted of six veteran officers and six men serving life sentences. The programme has the potential to integrate the fundamentals of restorative justice within the occupational culture of policing in order to produce direct benefits for public safety and may also be effective for building more authentic relationships between police and communities of colour. The article explains what went into creating this class, how it progressed and what resulted.

scholarly journals Responses to Wildlife Crime in Post-Colonial Times. Who Fares Best?

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1014-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragnhild Aslaug Sollund ◽  
Siv Rebekka Runhovde
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
General Assumption ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Illegal Trade ◽  
Wildlife Crime ◽  
Wildlife Protection ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems ◽  
International Profile

Abstract Wildlife crime is an increasing problem worldwide. Based on empirical research, we examine how the criminal justice systems of Brazil, Colombia, Uganda and Norway perceive and respond to such crime, with Norway as the main case study and basis for comparison. While the general assumption is that Northern countries are more ‘developed’ in their response to environmental problems, we argue that Norway, despite its economic resources and international profile as a supporter of environmental protection, is failing to confront illegal trade in—and protection of—endangered species nationally. We propose that these Southern countries have developed more tools in terms of legislation, enforcement, awareness and wildlife protection and that Northern countries have expectations regarding conservation in Southern countries that they themselves neglect.

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