scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE AVERAGE ABSORBED ENERGY OF ELECTRONS BEAM IN OBJECTS AT RADIATION PROCESSING

2019 ◽  
pp. 134-137
Author(s):  
V.T. Lazurik ◽  
V.M. Lazurik ◽  
G.Ph. Popov ◽  
Z. Zimek
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dosimetry ◽  
Computational Procedure ◽  
Electron Radiation ◽  
Nuclear Chemistry ◽  
Radiation Processing ◽  
Absorbed Energy ◽  
Empirical Relationships ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Semi Empirical

A new conservative computational procedure is proposed for calculating the average absorbed energy of electron radiation in objects undergoing radiation processing. Semi-empirical relationships were obtained and software for dosimetry of electron radiation was developed. A comparison was made of the results obtained using the proposed method with the results of known and traditional methods of electron radiation dosimetry as well as with the results of measurements performed at the sterilization center of the Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warsaw, Poland was carried out.

Simultaneous Determination of Serum Cholesterol and Triglycerides after Preliminary Column Chromatography

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godfrey Moses ◽  
Edwin Olivero ◽  
Thomas F Draisey
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Simultaneous Estimation ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Metallic Oxides ◽  
Centrifugation Step ◽  
Stability Results

Abstract An isopropanolic extract of serum can be made suitable for the simultaneous estimation of cholesterol and triglycerides by passing it through a commercially-available chromatographic column containing activated metallic oxides in which alumina predominates. No centrifugation step nor phase separation is required. Use of the purified extract allows existing methods to be simplified and shortened without loss of reproducibility or stability. Results compare well with those obtained by traditional methods.

Determination of the Effective Depth for Double-Fiber Fluorometric Sensors

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 919-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Yuan Zhu ◽  
M. Cecilia Yappert
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optic Sensor ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Acceptance Angle ◽  
Fiber Sensors ◽  
Sample Depth ◽  
Effective Depth ◽  
Different Diameters ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Analytical Expressions

The relationship between the relative fluorescence signal excited and collected with a double-fiber optic sensor and the sample depth has been investigated. The complexity of the analytical expressions for the relative fluorescence signal and the effective depth was reduced by deriving a set of semi-empirical equations which can be evaluated in a simple fashion. These expressions take into account the configuration of the sensor, i.e., fiber diameter, acceptance angle, and separation between fibers. The expressions were tested with the use of double-fiber sensors with different diameters and separations between fibers. The reduction of the effective depth in solutions with significant absorbance was evaluated.

A New Approach for Erosion Prediction Due To Fly Ash

1981 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kotwal ◽  
W. Tabakoff
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Precise Determination ◽  
Erosion Prediction ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Semi Empirical

With increasing interest in the burning of coal in industrial gas turbines, there is also concern for the precise determination of the erosive effects on the turbine components. Series of experiments were conducted to determine the effects of fly ash constituents, particle size, particle velocity, angle of attack and target temperature on the erosion of iron and nickel base alloys. Based on the experimental results, a semi-empirical equation has been obtained for the prediction of the erosion losses. This equation provides a new technique for predicting the metal erosion due to the fly ash produced by the conventional burning of coal.

scholarly journals A Methodology for Determination of Resilient Modulus of Asphaltic Concrete

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Patel ◽  
M. P. Kulkarni ◽  
S. D. Gumaste ◽  
P. P. Bartake ◽  
K. V. K. Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Triaxial Tests ◽  
Asphaltic Concrete ◽  
Empirical Relationships ◽  
Cyclic Triaxial Tests ◽  
Electronic Circuitry ◽  
Quality Check ◽  
R Value ◽  
Vast Variation

Resilient modulus, , is an important parameter for designing pavements. However, its determination by resorting to cyclic triaxial tests is tedious and time consuming. Moreover, empirical relationships, correlating to various other material properties (namely, California Bearing Ratio, CBR; Limerock Bearing Ratio, LBR; R-value and the Soil Support Value, SSV), give vast variation in the estimated results. With this in view, an electronic circuitry, which employs bender and extender elements (i.e., piezo-ceramic elements), was developed. Details of the circuitry and the testing methodology adopted for this purpose are presented in this paper. This methodology helps in determining the resilient modulus of the material quite precisely. Further, it is believed that this methodology would be quite useful to engineers and technologists for conducting quality check of the pavements, quite rapidly and easily.

Semi-empirical determination of the long-range molecular states dissociating to C(3PJ)+O(3PJ′)

1989 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bussery ◽  
M.E. Rosenkrantz ◽  
D.D. Konowalow ◽  
M. Aubert-frécon
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Empirical Determination ◽  
Semi Empirical

scholarly journals A PROCEDURE FOR TUBE COUNT DETERMINATION IN SINGLE AND MULTIPLE PASS TUBULAR HEAT EXCHANGERS

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
M. S. Medeiros ◽  
A. J. K. Leiroz
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Tube Bundle ◽  
Computational Procedure ◽  
Precise Determination ◽  
Sorting Algorithm ◽  
Empirical Expressions ◽  
Multiple Pass ◽  
Data Tables

The development of a simple computational procedure that allows the precise determination of important parameters for the thermal and mechanical design of tubular heat exchangers is discussed in the present work. The design of tubular heat exchangers for a wide variety of applications can involve the use of empirical expressions and data tables for the determination of the tube bundle parameters, such as the tube count and the tube bundle outside diameter. The motivation for developing the discussed procedure resides in addressing cases for which empirical expressions are inapplicable or data table are unavailable. Initially, the shell positions in which tubes can be placed are determined based on specified tube pitch, angle of arrangement, inlet and outlet nozzle diameters and tube bundle-to-shell clearance. The maximum number of tubes for the given configuration is obtained from the tube position searching procedure. A sorting algorithm, based on the tube distance to the shell center, is used to appropriately place a specified number of tubes within the heat exchanger cross section. Results for a single- and multiple-pass fixed-tubesheet heat exchangers are presented and compared with available tube count tables.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF A SEMI-EMPIRICAL LONGSHORE TRANSPORT FORMULATION

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (33) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Barbaro ◽  
Giuseppe Roberto Tomasicchio ◽  
Giovanni Malara ◽  
Felice D'Alessandro
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Transport Rate ◽  
Sediment Transport Rate ◽  
Longshore Sediment Transport ◽  
Longshore Transport ◽  
Semi Empirical

The present paper deals with the determination of longshore sediment transport rate. Specifically, case study of Saline Joniche (Reggio Calabria, Italy, is discussed. This case is of interest because, in this location, an artificial basin was built in the 70’s. After few years, port entrance experienced total obstruction by sand. Actually, the area is abandoned and several projects have been proposed for revitalising port activities. This paper discusses a method for estimating the longshore sediment transport rate at Saline Joniche and complements previous methodology.

scholarly journals A STUDY INTO ICE BUILD-UP AND MELTING ON VERTICAL COOLED PIPES

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zasiadko ◽  
O. Pylypenko ◽  
A. Forsiuk ◽  
R. Gryshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Ice Melting ◽  
Empirical Correlations ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Ice Accumulation ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Semi Empirical

The use of cold accumulators based on the principle of ice build up on the cooled surfaces during off-peak periods and ice melting during on-peak periods is an effective method of electricity bills reduction. Within comparatively short periods of on-peak demand a noticeable amount of thermal energy related to ice melting is to be released, it becomes clear that not only sizing of ice accumulators based on balance calculations is actual, but also the determination of time periods of ice accumulation becomes critical. This work presents experimental unit for obtaining data on the ice build-up on the vertical cooled pipes and later on to continuously register data on the ice thickness diminishing at the regimes of ice melting when cooling of pipe stops. The data for ice build-up and melting for some regimes have been presented and analyzed. The data form the base for deriving semi-empirical correlations allowing to determine a time intervals necessary to generate of ice layers of a given thickness.

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