The in-plane crashworthiness of multi-layer regularly arranged circular honeycombs

The in-plane crashworthiness of multi-layer regularly arranged circular honeycombs are investigated numerically at v = 1–250 m/s, with aim to disclose the influences of t/ R ratio and crushing velocity, v. A novel evaluation methodology of crashworthiness and a new mechanical term, most appropriate strain, are put forward, which results in some new evaluation parameters. The theoretical analysis shows the most appropriate strain is a significant parameter for measuring the crashworthiness. Different deformation modes cause different change rules of these evaluation parameters. Under the quasi-static homogeneous mode and transition mode, the most appropriate strain is linear with the t/ R ratio for a given v; the crushing force efficiency is approximately independent of t/ R and sensitive to the v; the maximum energy absorption efficiency roughly decreases and then fluctuates. With the increase of v, the crushing force efficiency first becomes smaller sharply, and then fluctuates. Under dynamic mode, the maximum energy absorption efficiency is nearly constant for a given t/ R ratio. Based on the finite element results, the empirical expressions of all evaluation parameters are given. The finite element calculated results of optimal specific energy absorption are consistent with those calculated by empirical expressions, which validates all empirical expressions.

Performance as aesthetic experience´s expression: modes of seizure and operatinal mechanisms.

This article comprehends performances as empirical expressions of aesthetic experience, understanding that destabilization in the performances account for expressive forms of experience. While restored behaviors, performances can be seen in various social situations, which suggests various possibilities of apprehension. Based on the observation of how we accessed the performance from media processes, we list here four conceptual figurations that can function as operational mechanisms analysis: mimesis, mise-en-scène, context communication and media genre.

Fashion and Organization Studies: Exploring conceptual paradoxes and empirical opportunities

Although frequently perceived as inconsequential and frivolous, fashion is a central interdisciplinary concept and a substantial global industry. This necessitates taking it seriously, both as a set of theoretical tensions, and as a concrete empirical phenomenon of rich potential interest to organization studies. Our essay outlines and further develops fashion’s conceptual and empirical expressions, and suggests subsequent avenues for valuable research. In particular, we commence with a discussion of three key definitions, namely fashion as individual manner, fashion as organizing of dress and fashion as a system. This enables us to problematize its industry and economy, from their historical roots and evolutions, to their varied organizational frictions, forms and practices today. We then conclude by examining the ongoing, substantial changes within the fashion industry as we have known it since the nineteenth century, and considering its potential implications and openings for organization studies scholars.

Logical analysis of empirical expressions. What is wrong with empiricism

The following well-known problem motivated my handling more general problems. As we surely know, our pupils and even students are confronted with much more trouble when learning mathematics (and even physics) than when they learn ‘empirical’ sciences like biology, mineralogy etc. There are many factors that can at least partially explain this phenomenon. I would however mention one factor that is not too frequently adduced: mathematics, logic, and much of physics use concepts that are abstract while the empirical sciences seem to support understanding by using expressions concerning (denoting? expressing?) concrete objects. Therefore the first topic to be explained (or explicated) is: Abstract vs. concrete. The second point will consist of applying the first point to explanation of the trouble with learning mathematics. The third point will ask Logical Analysis of Natural Language how to tell abstract expressions from concrete ones. The fourth point will confront the concept described in the foregoing point with conceptions trying to abandon the distinction between analytic and empirical expressions. Here it will be shown that the empiricism representing this latter conception deprives semantics as applied to Natural language of important features of expressivity.

Local loss coefficients inside air cavity of ventilated pitched roofs

Pitched roofs with a ventilated air cavity to avoid snow melt and ensure dry conditions beneath the roofing are a widely used construction in northern parts of Europe and America. The purpose of this study has been to determine pressure losses at the inlet (eaves) and inside the air cavity consisting of friction losses and passing of tile battens. These results are necessary to increase the accuracy of ventilation calculations of pitched roofs. Laboratory measurements, numerical analysis as well as calculations by use of empirical expressions have been used in the study. A large difference in the local loss coefficients depending on the edge design and height of the tile batten was found. The local loss coefficients of the round-edged tile battens were approximately 40% lower than the local loss coefficients of the sharp-edged tile battens. Furthermore, the local loss factor increased by increasing height of the tile batten. The numerical analysis was found to reliably reproduce the results from the measurements.

Constructions of Time, Place and Space in Aboriginal Christianity: Spiritual Common Grounds and Disputed Territories

Inter-cultural religious development is an ongoing phenomenon that continues to provide relevant examples in today's world. As a result of this dynamic, many Aboriginal cultures known to have adopted the religion of the colonial state have retained much of their traditional spirituality, in both thought and practice. Aboriginal Christianity draws on traditional indigenous interpretations of time, place and space, which functions to separate it from classic European modes of Christianity. Time, place, and space, as fundamental dynamics of environment, are generally viewed by modern Europeanized society as indisputable, empirical expressions, or more specifically as the quantifying constructions of a secularized world. In actuality, much of our mainstream understanding of these dynamics has roots in Christian theology; ideas of time, place, and space in an Aboriginal context have been and continue to be seen as inextricably tied to the spiritual order of the universe. This presentation analyzes the extent to which time, place, and space implicate themselves as demarcations of relationship between the spiritual and the physical in Aboriginal traditions and European Christianity, with emphasis upon the intersection of belief found within Aboriginal Christianity. In addition, an analysis will be made of the role that the “spirituality of the relational environment” plays in refining Western colonial ideology.