scholarly journals Formulation & InVitro Evaluation of Controlled Release Tablets of Oxcarbazepine

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-68
Author(s):  
N.Phrudvish ◽  
T.Malyadri ◽  
Ch.Saibabu
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Control Release ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Compatibility Studies ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Controlled Release Tablets

The present research project aimed to develop a Control release oral Oxcarbazepine tablets by using Polymers like Tamarind gum, Xanthan gum, HPMC K4M, and HPMC K 15M were used for controlling the drug release, and the polymers are mixed in a predetermined ratio. Totally 12 formulations were prepared and evaluated for pre-compression and post-compression parameters, and all the results were found to be within the limits. From the drug and excipients compatibility studies(FT-IR) it was confirmed that the drug and excipients have any interactions. The in vitro dissolution studies revealed that the F12 formulation containing 18% of HPMC K4M & 18% of HPMC K15M controls the drug release up to 12hours. So F12 formulation was considered to be suitable for the formulation of Oxcarbazepine controlled-release tablets at 18% concentration of HPMC K4M & 18% concentration of HPMC K15M and the drug release kinetics revealed that the F12 formulation shows a super case II transport mechanism.

Development and Evaluation of Controlled Release Mucoadhesive Tablets of Captopril

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 3318-3329
Author(s):  
Kranthi Kumar Kotta ◽  
L. Srinivas
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Matrix Tablets ◽  
Fickian Diffusion ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release ◽  
Mucoadhesive Tablets

The present investigation focuses on the development of mucoadhesive tablets of captopril which are designed to prolong the gastric residence time after oral administration. Matrix tablets of captopril were formulated using four mucoadhesive polymers namely guar gum, xanthan gum, HPMC K4M and HPMC K15M and studied for parameters such as weight variation, thickness, hardness, content uniformity, swelling index, mucoadhesive force and in vitro drug release. Tablets formulated Xanthan gum or HPMC K4M with HPMC K15M provide slow release of captopril over period of 12 hr and were found suitable for maintenance portion of oral controlled release tablets. The cumulative % of drug release of formulation F9 and F10 were 90 and 92, respectively. In vitro release from these tablets was diffusion controlled and followed zero order kinetics. The ‘n’ values obtained from the pappas-karsemeyer equation suggested that all the formulation showed drug release by non-fickian diffusion mechanism. Tablets formulated Xanthan gum or HPMC K4M with HPMC K15M (1:1) were established to be the optimum formulation with optimum bioadhesive force, swelling index & desired invitro drug release. This product was further subjected to stability study, the results of which indicated no significant change with respect to Adhesive strength and in vitro drug release study.

scholarly journals DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF CONTROLLED-RELEASE OCULAR INSERTS OF BRIMONIDINE-TARTRATE AND TIMOLOL MALEATE

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preethi G. B. ◽  
Prashanth Kunal
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Timolol Maleate ◽  
Brimonidine Tartrate

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current work was attempted to formulate and evaluate a controlled-release matrix-type ocular inserts containing a combination of brimonidine tartrate and timolol maleate, with a view to sustain the drug release in the cul-de-sac of the eye.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Initially, the infrared studies were done to determine the drug–polymer interactions. Sodium alginate-loaded ocuserts were prepared by solvent casting technique. Varying the concentrations of polymer—sodium alginate, plasticizer—glycerine, and cross-linking agent—calcium chloride by keeping the drug concentration constant, made a total of nine formulations. These formulations were evaluated for its appearance, drug content, weight uniformity, thickness uniformity, percentage moisture loss, percentage moisture absorption, and <em>in vitro </em>release profile of the ocuserts. Finally, accelerated stability studies and the release kinetics were performed on the optimised formulation.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was perceived that polymer, plasticizer, and calcium chloride had a significant influence on the drug release. The data obtained from the formulations showed that formulation—F9 was the optimised formulation, which exhibited better drug release. The release data of the optimised formulation tested on the kinetic models revealed that it exhibited first-order release kinetics. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It can be concluded that a natural bioadhesive hydrophilic polymer such as sodium alginate can be used as a film former to load water soluble and hydrophilic drugs like brimonidine tartrate and timolol maleate. Among all formulations, F9 with 400 mg sodium alginate, 2% calcium chloride and 60 mg glycerin were found to be the most suitable insert in terms of appearance, ease of handling, thickness, <em>in vitro</em> drug release and stability.</p>

scholarly journals In vitro Release Kinetics Study of Ambroxol Hydrochloride Pellets Developed by Extrusion Spheronization Technique Followed by Acrylic Polymer Coating

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishtiaq Ahmed ◽  
Monzurul Amin Roni ◽  
Golam Kibria ◽  
Muhammad Rashedul Islam ◽  
Reza-ul Jalil
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Acrylic Polymer ◽  
Eudragit Rs ◽  
Methacrylate Copolymer ◽  
Ambroxol Hydrochloride ◽  
Eudragit Rl ◽  
Extrusion Spheronization

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Ammonio Methacrylate Copolymer Dispersion Type A (Eudragit RL 30 D) and Ammonio Methacrylate Copolymer Dispersion Type B (Eudragit RS 30 D) combination in different weight ratios on the release kinetics of Ambroxol Hydrochloride from coated pellets. Microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, maize starch, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and the drug was incorporated in the nuclei prepared by Extrusion-Spheronization technique which was coated with Eudragit RL 30D and Eudragit RS 30D in 1:1,1:1.5,1:2,1:2.5 and 1:3 ratios. The in vitro dissolution studies were carried out in 0.1N HCl for 1 hour followed by phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) for 11 h with USP dissolution apparatus Type-II. Drug release decreased with increasing amount of Eudragit RS 30 D in all cases. The drug release followed first order and Higuchi release kinetics. The Korsmeyer plot revealed n=0.50-0.61 or non-Fickian transport mechanism for drug release. From one way ANOVA it was found that the ratio of binary polymer mixer had significant (p < 0.05) effect on drug release. Key words: Aqueous coating, Eudragit, release kinetics, pellet, extrusion-spheronization  DOI = 10.3329/dujps.v7i1.1222 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 7(1): 75-81, 2008 (June)

scholarly journals Optimizing the Role of Polymer Blend in the Preparation of Acyclovir Controlled-Release Tablets: An Approach for Better Patient Compliance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barkat Khan ◽  
Faheem Haider ◽  
Kifayat Shah ◽  
Bushra Uzair ◽  
Kaijian Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Matrix Tablets ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release ◽  
Solubility Study ◽  
Release Data

This study was carried out to formulate and evaluate controlled release (CR) matrix tablets of Acyclovir using combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers. Acyclovir is a guanine derivative and is its half-life is short hence administered five times a day using immediate release tablets. Six formulations (F1-F6) were developed using Ethocel and Carbopol in equal combinations at drug-polymer (D:P) ratio of 10:5, 10:6, 10:7, 10:8, 10:9 and 10:10. Solubility study was performed using six different solvents. The compatibility studies were carried out using FTIR and DSC. According to USP, Quality Control and dimensional tests (hardness, friability, disintegration and thickness) were executed. In-vitro drug release studies of Acyclovir was carried out in dissolution apparatus using using 0.1 N HCl medium at constant temperature of 37 ± 0.5 ºC. In order to analyze the drug release kinetics, five different mathematical models were applied to the release data. The results showed that there was no incompatibility between drug and polymers. Physical QC tests were found within limits of USP. The release was retarded upto 24 hrs and non-fickian in-vitro drug release mechanism was found. A formulation developed using blend of polymers, showed excellent retention and desired release profiles thus providing absolute control for 24 hrs.

scholarly journals In Vitro Release Kinetics Study of Different Brands of Esomeprazole Sustained Release Tablets Available in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abul Kalam Lutful Kabir ◽  
Tasbira Jesmeen ◽  
Md Mesbah Uddin Talukder ◽  
Abu Taher Md Rajib ◽  
DM Mizanur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Sustained Release ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Matrix Tablets ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
National Brand ◽  
First Order ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Esomeprazole Magnesium

Commercially available four national and four international brands of esomeprazole magnesium sustained release matrix tablets were studied in simulated gastric medium (pH 1.2) for 2 hours and simulated intestinal medium (pH 6.8) for 8 hours time period using USP reference dissolution apparatus. All the national and international brands complied with the USP in-vitro dissolution specifications for drug release in simulated gastric medium. However, one of the national brands (Code: MP-1) and one of the international brands (MP-7) failed to fulfill the official requirement of 80% drug release within 8th hour in simulated intestinal medium. Drug release of that national and international brand were 70.49% and 67.05% respectively within the specified time period, however one national brand (Code: MP-4) released 103.46 % drug within 8th hour in intestinal medium. Drug release profiles were analyzed for zero order, first order and Higuchi equation to reveal the release kinetics perspective of esomeprazole magnesium sustained release matrix tablets. It was found that zero order release kinetics was the predominant release mechanism than first order and Higuchi release kinetics for those brands (Code: MP-2, MP-3, MP-4, MP-5, MP-6 and MP-8) which complied with the USP in vitro dissolution specification for drug releases. On the other hand, first order release kinetics was predominant for one national and also one international non compliant brands (Code: MP-1 and MP-6). Key Words: In vitro dissolution; Sustained release; Market preparations; Kinetic analysis; Esomeprazole; National brand; International brand. DOI: 10.3329/sjps.v2i1.5812Stamford Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol.2(1) 2009: 27-31

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS OF LEVOSULPIRIDE BY USING NATURAL POLYMER

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
S Shanmugam
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Sustained Release ◽  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Matrix Tablets ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Release Kinetic ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release

Objective: The objective of the present study was to develop sustained release matrix tablets of levosulpiride by using natural polymers.Method: The tablets were prepared with different ratios of Chitosan, Xanthan gum and Guar gum by wet granulation technique. The solubility study of the levosulpiride was conducted to select a suitable dissolution media for in vitro drug release studies.Results: Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) study revealed no considerable changes in IR peak of levosulpiride and hence no interaction between drug and the excipients. DSC thermograms showed that no drug interaction occurred during the manufacturing process. In vitro dissolution study was carried out for all the formulation and the results compared with marketed sustained release tablet. The drug release from matrix tablets was found to decrease with increase in polymer ratio of Chitosan, Xanthan gum and Guar gum.Conclusion: Formulation LF3 exhibited almost similar drug release profile in dissolution media as that of marketed tablets. From the results of dissolution data fitted to various drug release kinetic equations, it was observed that highest correlation was found for First order, Higuchi’s and Korsmeyer equation, which indicate that the drug release occurred via diffusion mechanism.  Keywords: Levosulpiride, sustained release tablets, natural polymers, in vitro drug release studies 

scholarly journals PREPARATION, CHARACTERISATION AND EVALUATION OF ROPINIROLE HYDROCHLORIDE LOADED CONTROLLED RELEASE MICROSPHERES USING SOLVENT EVAPORATION TECHNIQUE

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Koyel Kar ◽  
R. N. Pal ◽  
N. N. Bala
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Solvent Evaporation ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release ◽  
Aqueous Solvent ◽  
Evaporation Technique ◽  
Ropinirole Hydrochloride

Objective: The major objective of the research work was to design, characterise and evaluate controlled release microspheres of ropinirole hydrochloride by using non-aqueous solvent evaporation technique to facilitate the delivery of the drug at a predetermined rate for a specific period of time.Methods: Ropinirole hydrochloride microspheres were prepared by using different low-density polymers such as eudragit RL 100, eudragit RS 100 and ethylcellulose either alone or in combination with the help of non-aqueous solvent evaporation technique. All the formulated microparticles were subjected to various evaluation parameters such as particle size analysis, micrometric properties, drug entrapment efficiency, percentage drug loading, percentage yield and in vitro drug release study. The compatibility of the drug and polymers was confirmed by physical compatibility study, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and x-ray diffraction study (XRD). The formation of the most optimized batch of the microsphere (F12) was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), DSC, FTIR, and XRD. In vitro drug release study and in vitro drug release kinetics study of the formulated microspheres were also carried out.Results: Drug-polymer compatibility studies performed with the help of FTIR and DSC indicated that there were no interactions. Results revealed that non-aqueous solvent evaporation technique was a suitable technique for the preparation of microspheres as most of the formulations were discrete, free-flowing and spherical in shape with a good yield of 55.67% to 80.09%, percentage drug loading of 35.52% to 94.50% and percentage drug entrapment efficiency of 36.24% to 95.07%. Different drug-polymer ratios, as well as the combination of polymers, played a significant role in the variation of over-all characteristics of formulations. Based on the data of various evaluation parameters such as particle size analysis, percentage drug loading, percentage drug entrapment, percentage yield, rheological studies and in vitro drug release characteristics, formulation F12 was found to fulfil the criteria of ideal controlled release drug delivery system. F12 showed controlled release till the 14th hour (97.99%) and its in vitro release kinetics was best explained by zero-order kinetics and followed Korsemeyer-Pappas model (Non-Fickian mechanism). SEM of F12 revealed the formation of spherical structures. The FTIR study of F12 confirmed the stable nature of ropinirole in the drug-loaded microspheres. DSC and XRD patterns showed that ropinirole hydrochloride was dispersed at the molecular level in the polymer matrix.Conclusion: The controlled release microparticles were successfully prepared and from this study, it was concluded that the developed microspheres of ropinirole hydrochloride can be used for controlled drug release to improve the bioavailability and patient compliance and to maintain a constant drug level in the blood target tissue by releasing the drug in zero order pattern.

scholarly journals Formulation and in-vitro evaluation of ciprofloxacin HCL floating matrix tablets

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Dhulipalla Mounika ◽  
I. Deepika Reddy ◽  
K. Sai Chandralekha ◽  
Kapu Harika ◽  
Ramarao Nadendla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Controlled Release ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Matrix Tablets ◽  
Fickian Diffusion ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Prolonged Release ◽  
Evaluation Parameters

Oral drug delivery is the most widely utilized route of administration among all the routes that have been explored for systemic delivery of drugs via pharmaceutical products of different dosage form. Oral route is considered most natural, uncomplicated, convenient and safe due to its ease of administration, patient acceptance and cost-effective manufacturing process. Gastroretentive drug delivery system was developed in pharmacy field and drug retention for a prolonged time has been achieved. The goal of this study was to formulate and in-vitro evaluate Ciprofloxacin HCl controlled release matrix floating tablets. Ciprofloxacin HCl floating matrix tablets were prepared by wet granulation method using two polymers such as HPMC K100M (hydrophilic polymer) and HPMC K15M. All the Evaluation parameters were within the acceptable limits. FTIR spectral analysis showed that there was no interaction between the drug and polymers. In-vitro dissolution study was carried out using USP dissolution test apparatus (paddle type) at 50 rpm. The test was carried out at 37 ± 0.5 0C in 900ml of the 0.1 N HCl buffer as the medium for eight hours. HPMC K100M shows a prolonged release when compared to HPMC K15M. These findings indicated that HPMC K100M can be used to develop novel gastroretentive controlled release drug delivery systems with the double advantage of controlled drug release at GIT pH. On comparing the major criteria in evaluation such as preformulation and in vitro drug release characteristics, the formulation F8 was selected as the best formulation, as it showed the drug content as 99±0.4% and swelling index ratio was 107.14, and in-vitro drug released 61.31±0.65% up to 8 hours. Results indicated that controlled Ciprofloxacin HCl release was directly proportional to the concentration of HPMC K100M and the release of drug followed non-Fickian diffusion. Based on all the above evaluation parameters it was concluded that the formulation batch F8 was found to be best formulation among the formulations F1 to F8 were prepared.

scholarly journals Formulation and evaluation of gas powered systems of cefdinir tablets for controlled release

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 182-187
Author(s):  
Manoj R. Chincholikar ◽  
Jagdish Rathi
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Ethyl Cellulose ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Magnesium Stearate ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution

The  present  work  is  aimed  to  formulate  Cefdinir  floating  tablets  using different  hydrophilic  and  hydrophobic  polymers  like  HPMC,  Ethyl  cellulose, Xanthum gum, guar gum and gas generating agent Sodium bicarbonate. The develop gastro retentive dosage form thatcould  retain  the  agent  namely  Cefdinir  in  the  stomach  for  longer periods of time delivering the drug to the site of action, i.e., stomach. HPMC  is  used  as  a  swelling  agent,  Guar  gum  and  Xanthum  gum  is used as binding agent. Ethyl cellulose is used as matrix form agent.  PVP is used as a suspending agent. Sodium bicarbonate is used as a gas forming agent. MCC is used as a disintergrant and diluent. Magnesium stearate is used as a lubricant. The  prepared  Cefdinir  tablets  will  be  evaluated  for  drug  content,  entrapment efficiency, post compression studies, In-vitro buoyancy studies, swelling index studies, in-vitro dissolution studies, release kinetics, stability studies.All these parameters were found to be within the pharmacopoeial limits. Formulation F5 was selected for drug release and stability study on the basis of appropriate results of post compression study.In vitro dissolution study was carried out and showed controlled release pattern. Keywords: Gas Powered Systems, Cefdinir, Controlled release, Floating drug delivery.

scholarly journals Development and Evaluation of Alprazolam Controlled Release tablets

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarmila Shrestha ◽  
Dharma Prasad Khanal ◽  
Panna Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Controlled Release ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Formulation ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Model Independent ◽  
Tablet Formulations

Twenty three different tablet formulations of alprazolam were prepared using Polymer like hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC K4M, HPMC K15M and HPMC K100M) in the concentration of 5 – 50 % of total weight of tablets and combination of HPMC K15M and HPMC K100M with ethyl cellulose (EC) was formulated by using wet granulation method. Drug formulation containing 1.0 mg, 1.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg and 15 mg alprazolam per tablet maintaining constant HPMC K15M concentration was also developed.The in-vitro dissolution studies of the formulated and marketed product in USP type II apparatus showed that the drug release is dependent upon the drug: polymer ratio; also molecular weight of the polymer and solubility of loaded drug. With increasing concentration and molecular weight of polymer, drug release was found to be decreased. When formulating the tablets the method used whether direct compression or wet granulations also affect the release of the drug from matrix. Wet granulation method by using 40 % HPMC K15M in combination with 5 % EC was found to be most suitable controlled release alprazolam tablet as drug release was found to be appreciable in this formulation. When loading dose of alprazolam was increased, drug release was found to be tremendously decreased because of the poor solubility of alprazolam in water. When one-way ANOVA was applied for various formulated and marketed tablets it was found that there is no significant difference (p > 0.05) in drug release rate among formulation similarly model independent methods was also applied such as similarity and dissimilarity factor and found that there is no significant difference between these formulations.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jmmihs.v1i1.9896 Journal of Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences Vol.1(1) 2011; 8-23

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