scholarly journals Effect of Apatyakara Ghrita Followed by Koshtha Shuddhi with Haritakyadi Churna in the Management of Ksheena Shukra w.s.r. to Oligozoospermia: A Case Study

AYUSHDHARA ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 3377-3383
Author(s):  
Devesh Jaiman ◽  
HML Meena ◽  
Bharat Kumar Padhar ◽  
Harish Bhakuni
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Testicular Dysfunction ◽  
Seminal Parameters ◽  
Associated Symptoms

Oligozoospermia is a condition where sperm count is below 15 million/ml and a common finding which is related to male infertility. Some of the known responsible factors for male infertility are poor semen quality, genetic factors, testicular dysfunction and endocrine inter relationship etc. According to Ayurvedic classics, Oligozoospermia can be correlated with Ksheena Shukra which is due to increased Vata and Pitta Dosha being more prevalent in Madhyama Vayas. According to WHO, in India, the overall prevalence of primary infertility ranges between 3.9% and 16.8%.  Methods: In this study, a male patient aged 40 years was presented with a desire to get a child and other associated symptoms were Daurbalya (weakness), Mukha Shosha (dryness of the mouth), Sadana (loss of rigidity), Shrama (post act exhaustion), Alpachestata (early ejaculation), Maithune Ashakti (problematic or not satisfactory coitus), Rati Anabhimukhata (loss of sexual desire) etc. The patient was managed with Apatyakara Ghrita followed by Koshtha Shuddhi with Haritakyadi Churna. For the assessment of the effect of therapies on sexual parameters, the scoring pattern prepared by Mehra & Singh, 1995 and Seminal Parameters has been adopted. Results and Conclusion: Apatyakara Ghrita is found effective to increase sperm count from 12 million/ ml to 45 million/ml and motility from 20% to 75% and no adverse effect of the adopted management was seen during treatment and even after the 2 months of follow-up.

scholarly journals Low semen quality and adverse histological changes in testes of adult male mice treated with bee venom (Apis mellifera)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-79
Author(s):  
Sassia O. Regeai ◽  
Salma A. Abusrer ◽  
Naema S. Shibani
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Bee Venom ◽  
Reproductive Status ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Histological Changes

Background: Male infertility has been on the rise since the past seven decades. Recently, in Libya, bee venom therapy (BVT) has become a popular method among alternative healthcare practitioners for treating male infertility. However, a literature search did not find any published studies that investigated the use of BVT for infertility treatment. Aim: To investigate the effect of bee venom on the male reproductive status through measurements of semen quality parameters and testicular histological changes in adult male mice. Methods: A total of 48 male mice were randomly divided into three experimental groups (which were subdivided into two subgroups with eight mice each) as follows: control, bee venom sting (BVS), and bee venom injection (BVI). The normal control subgroup mice were not subjected to any treatment, while the vehicle control subgroup mice were injected (i.p.) with 200 μl of 0.9% saline solution. In the BVS-treated subgroups, each mouse was stung by one live bee for five times (BVS-5) or seven times (BVS-7) every third day for 2 or 3 weeks. While each mouse in the BVI-treated subgroups received 23 μg/kg in a dose volume of 200 μl BVIs (i.p.) for five times (BVI-5) or seven times (BVI-7) every third day for 15 or 21 days. Results: The findings of this study showed that repeated bee venom treatment by sting or injection to adult male mice resulted in a significant decline in testosterone levels, sperm count, sperm motility, and a very significant increase in the percentage of abnormal sperm morphology; also, there were harmful testicular histological changes in the structural organization of seminiferous tubules and degenerative changes in the germinal epithelium compared to control group. Conclusion: The results of this study provide evidence for the low semen quality and adverse testicular histological changes in male mice treated with bee venom. Hence, there is a desperate need for educating alternative healthcare practitioners and infertile couples about the harmful effects of BVT on reproductive status.

scholarly journals MiR-125b-2 Knockout in Testis Are Associated with Targeting to PAP Gene, Mitochondrial Copy Number and Impaired Sperm Quality

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longlong Li ◽  
Yanling Zhu ◽  
Jiajie Sun ◽  
Ting Chen ◽  
Junyi Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Male Reproduction ◽  
Luciferase Assay ◽  
Cell Secretion ◽  
Mtdna Copy Number

microRNAs can cause male infertility by impacting sperm quality and impaired spermatogenesis. Since the miR-125 family plays an important role in regulating embryo development, but the function of miR-125b-2 in male reproduction remains unknown. In this study, we prepared a model of miR-125b knockout (KO) mice. Among the KO mice, the progeny test showed that litter sizes decreased significantly and the rate of non-parous females increased significantly (p<0.05). At the same time, the testosterone concentration increased significantly (p<0.01), with the remarkable decrease for estradiol (p<0.05). Moreover, sperm count decreased obviously (p<0.05) and the percentage of abnormal sperms increased significantly (p<0.01). Testicular transcriptome sequencing demonstrated that there were 173 up-regulated genes, including Papolb (PAP), and 151 down-regulated genes in KO mice compared with wild type (WT). KEGG and GO analysis showed many of these genes were involved in sperm mitochondrial metabolism and other cellular biological processes. Meanwhile, the sperm mitochondria DNA (mtDNA) copy number was increased significantly (p<0.01) in KO mice, but the integrity of mtDNA and nuclear DNA (nDNA) had no change. In the top 10 up-regulated genes, as a testis specific expressing gene, PAP can affect the process of spermatogenesis. Western blotting and Luciferase Assay validated that PAP was the target of miR-125b-5p. Intriguingly, we also found that both miR-125b and PAP were only highly expressed in germ cells (GC) instead of Leydig cells (LC) and Sertoli cells (SC), and miR-125b-5p could target PAP to regulate TM3 cell secretion of testosterone (p<0.05). Our study firstly demonstrated that miR-125b-2 could regulate testosterone secretion by directly targeting PAP and increase sperm mtDNA copy number to affect semen quality. The study indicated that miR-125b-2 had a positive influence on the reproductive performance of animal and could be a potential therapeutic target for male infertility.

scholarly journals Coenzyme Q10, oxidative stress, and male infertility: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Ahmed T. Alahmar ◽  
Aldo E. Calogero ◽  
Rajender Singh ◽  
Rossella Cannarella ◽  
Pallav Sengupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Male Reproductive Function

Male infertility has a complex etiopathology, which mostly remains elusive. Although research has claimed that oxidative stress (OS) is the most likely underlying mechanism of idiopathic male infertility, the specific treatment of OS-mediated male infertility requires further investigation. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a vitamin-like substance, has been found in measurable levels in human semen. It exhibits essential metabolic and antioxidant functions, as well as playing a vital role in mitochondrial bioenergetics. Thus, CoQ10 may be a key player in the maintenance of biological redox balance. CoQ10 concentrations in seminal plasma directly correlate with semen parameters, especially sperm count and sperm motility. Seminal CoQ10 concentrations have been shown to be altered in various male infertility states, such as varicocele, asthenozoospermia, and medical or surgical regimens used to treat male infertility. These observations imply that CoQ10 plays an important physiological role in the maintenance and amelioration of semen quality. The present article thereby aimed to review the possible mechanisms through which CoQ10 plays a role in the regulation of male reproductive function, and to concisely discuss its efficacy as an ameliorative agent in restoring semen parameters in male infertility, as well as its impact on OS markers, sperm DNA fragmentation, pregnancy, and assisted reproductive technology outcomes.

scholarly journals Influence of Lifestyle and Environmental Factors on Semen Quality in Ghanaian Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Richard Michael Blay ◽  
Abigail Duah Pinamang ◽  
Augustine E. Sagoe ◽  
Ewurama Dedea Ampadu Owusu ◽  
Nii Koney-Kwaku Koney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Lifestyle Habits

Introduction. Male infertility is known to contribute about half of all infertility cases. In Ghana, the prevalence of male infertility is higher (15.8%) than in females (11.8%). Sperm quality is associated with the likelihood of pregnancy and known to be the cause of male fertility problems 90% of the time. Exposure to certain environmental factors reduces semen quality in men. The study examined the effects of environmental and lifestyle factors on semen quality in Ghanaian men. Materials and Methods. This was a cross-sectional study involving 80 apparent healthy adult males in their reproductive age. Participants were males referred to the laboratory (Immunology Unit of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital) for semen analysis test and/or culture and sensitivity. Participants were made to fill out a questionnaire which entailed selected environmental factors (accidents or trauma, exposure to chemicals, radiation, and heat) and lifestyle habits (including alcohol consumption, smoking, and whether participants sat more or less than 4 hours per day). Semen samples were then collected by masturbation into sterile containers and analysed in accordance with WHO guidance for semen analysis within 60 minutes after ejaculation and collection. Results. About 69% of participants had semen pH within the normal range compared to 15% whose pH were lower than 7.2. There was a significantly high number of immotile sperm cells ( p value = 0.017) in participants who sat for more than 4 hours as compared to those that sat for less than 4 hours in a day. Active sperm motility and viability showed significant increase ( p value = 0.002 and 0.009, respectively) in participants who kept their cell phones in their side pockets. Smoking produced a twofold decrease in sperm count as smokers had a significantly lower sperm count ( 12.28 ± 10.95 × 10 6 /ml) compared to the smoke-free ( 23.85 ± 22.14 × 10 6 /ml). For exposure to STDs, no significant differences were recorded among study groups concerning semen quality. Conclusion. Sperm quality in Ghanaian men is associated with lifestyle habits. Smoking and sitting for long hours influenced sperm motility and count, respectively. Knowledge of the factors that influence sperm quality in this geographical region can contribute to informed decisions on effective management of infertility in Ghanaian men.

AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF KSHEENA SHUKRA (OLIGOSPERMIA) LEADING TO MALE INFERTILITY: A CASE REPORT

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-32
Author(s):  
Akhilraj A R ◽  
Amalraj A R
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Conventional Medicine ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Case Discussion ◽  
Ayurvedic Treatment ◽  
Health Organization

As per the World Health Organization (WHO) report in India, the overall prevalence of primary infertility ranges between 3.9 to 16.8%. A recent report on status of infertility states that, 50% is related to reproductive anomalies or disorders in the male, in which 90% of male infertility problems are related to Oligospermia and other abnormalities in semen analysis. As per Ayurveda, Oligospermia can be considered as Ksheena Shukra. Surgery, Hormone treatments, Medications and Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) are the main line of treatment in Conventional medicine, but these are associated with many unwanted and serious adverse effects. The present case discussion is about the effective management of a case diagnosed as Ksheena Shukra (Oligospermia) with Ayurvedic intervention, which was posted for ART and Hormone therapy. The aim of this case report is to evaluate the effect of Ayurvedic treatment in the management of Ksheena Shukra. In this case study, Shodhana procedures (especially Virechana karma) were performed before the administration of Rasayana and Vajikarana drugs, which are Narasimha rasayana, Bhringarajasavam, Ashwagandha churna. The pre and post Semen analysis on the treatment period shows, marked increase in sperm count and motility. The outcome of this case reveals that the Oligospermia associated with male infertility can be effectively managed by Ayurvedic treatments.

scholarly journals ​Association of Bio-acoustic Features of Vocal Signals with Age and Semen Quality in Sahiwal Bulls

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indu Devi ◽  
Kuldeep Dudi ◽  
Ranjana Sinha ◽  
R. Vikram
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Acoustic Features ◽  
Seminal Parameters ◽  
Sperm Abnormality ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Live Sperm ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Voice

Background: Bio-acoustic features of animal’s voice can provide meaningful information about their biological and physical characteristics. The present study was conducted to get indicators of age from voice analysis and explore the relationship between voice features and seminal parameters in Sahiwal bulls. Methods: Voice samples were collected from healthy bulls (n=20), maintained at ICAR-NDRI, Karnal. Bulls were classified into two groups i.e. young bulls and adult bulls. The voice signals were analyzed by Adobe Premium software and acoustic features were extracted by using PRAAT software. Result: The mean of acoustic features viz. call duration (sec), mean intensity (dB), total energy (P2S), amplitude (P), pitch (Hz), unvoiced frame (%), jitter (%), bandwidth (Hz) mean N/H ratio (%) have been found significantly different while mean H/N ratio (dB), shimmer (%) and pulses were not found statistically (P greater than 0.05) different between adult and young bulls. The seminal parameters viz mass activity (0-5 scale), individual progressive motility (%), live sperm count (%) and total sperm abnormality (%) were found significantly different between adult and young bulls. No significant association between voice features and semen quality of bulls was observed. Hence, voice signals of male might provide some clues about their age but for semen quality, there is further need to explore the interesting relationship between voice features and fertility of breeding bulls.

scholarly journals ROLE OF SONOGRAPHY IMAGING IN MALE INFERTILITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Rajnikant Narsinhbhai Chauhan ◽  
Dr. Dileep Kumar Jha
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
P Value ◽  
Obstructive Azoospermia ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Left Lateral Decubitus Position

Introduction: Infertility is known as major problem as life crisis for many couples. Investigation of male infertility is assuming greater importance with male factors implicated as it caused half of the infertile couples. Infertility is defined as infertility is a disease of reproductive system defined by failure to achieve the clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. It is also define as failure of couple to conceive after 12 months of regular intercourse without the use of contraception in women <35 years; and regular intercourse after 6 months without the use of contraception in women ≥ years. A recent report on the status of infertility in India, states that nearly 50% of infertility is related to the reproductive anomalies or disorders in the male. Male infertility include as pretesticular, testicular and post testicular causes. Common causes may be due to deficiencies in the semen and semen quality is used as a surrogate measure of male fecundity. Testicular causes are mainly cryptorchidism, varicocele exposure to gonadotoxins and post testicular causes which included disorders and obstruction of ejaculation and erectile dysfunction. There are many studies which found that sperm count of less than 10 million per milliliter is also suboptimal for fertility; however there is no cut off value of sperm count that is diagnostic of infertility. The common investigations done in evaluating fertility is Ultrasound examinations of scrotum and semen analysis. Ultrasound is a very useful modality for assessing the testicular size which is also related to condition like epididymo-orchitis, varicocele and undescended testis. Aim: The main aim of this study is to deteremine the used of ultra sonography in the evaluation of male infertility and to compared with clinical and surgical findings. Material and Methods: All the patients were referred to the Department of Radiology for transrectal and scrotal ultrasonography with high frequency transducer having a frequency of 7.5 MHz and Color Doppler wherever indicated. In this study all male patients with infertility and abnormal semen analysis and with the case of infertility with coincident scrotal findings on clinical examination were included. Transrectal ultrasound was done by positioned in left lateral decubitus position. On each side testis and epididymis was identified as completely as possible and compared for symmetry, size, texture and vascularity. Result: In this study patients with abnormality were found in highest number on clinical palpation and ultrasound was varicocele. In 18 cases Varicocele was detected on clinical examination and 24 cases in ultrasound. In 9 cases Hydrocele was detected in clinical examination and Ultrasound. In 5 cases epididymal cysts were detected in clinical findings and 6 cases were found in Ultrasound Findings whereas 2 cases of epididymitis  was found in ultrasound and only 1 case in clinical examination. Therefore the total number of abnormalities was found by ultrasound which was significantly greater as compared to physical examination. The p-value was 0.001 which shows statistically significant. Conclusion: Transrectal ultrasound enables high resolution imaging of prostate, seminal vesicles and distal vas deferens and is implicated in diagnosing the cause of obstructive azoospermia. Therefore Imaging plays an important complementary role to clinical examination and laboratory analyses for the detection of precise anatomy and level of abnormality.  Hence transrectal and scrotal ultrasound provides valuable information in the diagnostic evaluation of infertile men and pathological conditions can be detected on ultrasound compared to clinical palpation. Keywords: Infertility, Sonography, Transrectal, Testicular

scholarly journals Male Infertility Problem: A Contemporary Review on Present Status and Future Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 247028971986824 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. I. H. Dissanayake ◽  
W. L. R. Keerthirathna ◽  
L. Dinithi C. Peiris
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Sperm Chromatin ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Physiological Factors

Semen quality plays a pivotal role in maintaining healthy fertilizing ability of spermatozoa. Male infertility is a rising global problem with an increasing declining in male semen quality among men living in Africa, Europe, North American, and Asia. Though the sperm acquire proactive mechanisms during spermatogenesis and their epididymal maturation, they still remain viable for toxic insult. Declining semen quality is a major contributor to infertility. Studies have postulated that different factors, such as exposure to pesticides, industrial chemicals, heavy metals, obesity, alcoholism, tobacco smoking, sedentary lifestyles, poor nutrient intake, oxidative stress, physiological factors, genetic factors can influence male fertility. Routine semen analysis and assays for sperm chromatin integrity are the most widely utilized and best studied adjunctive diagnostics in male infertility. Over the years, scientists have developed different treatment options for male infertility. Male infertility with known etiology can be treated successfully, but other causes like genetic factors require pragmatic approaches. This article summarizes protective mechanisms of spermatogenesis, causes, diagnosis, and both modern and traditional treatment approaches of male infertility. Further, this article highlights present issues and direction for future exploration of the male infertility problem.

33 Effect of exogenous melatonin administration on testicular biometry, libido parameters, seminal parameters, hormone levels, and freezability of Sirohi buck semen during the non-breeding season in Southern Rajasthan

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
C. S. Sarswat ◽  
S. Sharma ◽  
K. Nehra ◽  
P. C. Sharma ◽  
M. C. Parashar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Seminal Parameters ◽  
Breeding Seasons

The aim of this work was to determine the effect of administration of exogenous melatonin on the testicular biometry, libido parameters, hormone levels, and freezability of semen during the non-breeding seasons in adult Sirohi bucks. Experiments of 4 and 8 weeks were carried out during non-breeding seasons at different times. Twelve bucks, 2 to 3 years of age, were split into melatonin-treated and control groups, with 6 bucks in each group. Throughout the 2 experimental periods, all bucks were permanently kept outdoors under conditions of natural daylength and at ambient temperature. Bucks in the treated group were subjected to single subcutaneous injection of a powder form of melatonin mixed with corn oil at the dose rate 18mg per 50kg on the first day of experiment; bucks in the control group received sterile corn oil injected subcutaneously in control group. Ejaculates were taken from the bucks by artificial vagina (AV) once per week and their reaction time (the elapsed time between exposure to stimuli and first ejaculation) was recorded. Testicular biometry, serum testosterone, and serum melatonin were determined weekly before semen collection. Ejaculates were cryopreserved and thawed weekly and the same quantitative and qualitative variables were measured as for fresh semen samples. Melatonin significantly (P&lt;0.05) improved testicular biometry, libido parameters, and hormone levels compared with the control group during weeks 3 and 4 of the first experiment and from week 5 onward of the second experiment (P&lt;0.05). Semen volume (mL) improved to 0.70±0.039 vs. 0.48±0.009 and 0.94±0.036 vs. 0.56±0.032 in first and second experiments. Greater (P&lt;0.05) progressive motility (%) was noted in the melatonin group (84.59±1.472 and 86.88±0.797) during experiments 1 and 2. Semen quality of each straw from each ejaculate was evaluated after proper thawing within 24h. Mean post-thaw live sperm percentage for experiments 1 and 2 was 69.25±0.382 and 66.90±0.779, progressive motility was 50.42±0.948 and 58.75±1.058, and curled tail sperm count were 51.00±0.715 and 61.36±0.773, respectively. In conclusion, the results of present experiments are novel regarding the use of single subcutaneous melatonin injection during the non-breeding season to improve variables associated with the fertility potential of the Sirohi buck and frozen-thawed seminal parameters.

scholarly journals Semen quality among Danish and Finnish men attempting to conceive. The Danish First Pregnancy Planner Study Team

2000 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
TK Jensen ◽  
M Vierula ◽  
NH Hjollund ◽  
M Saaranen ◽  
T Scheike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Cohort Effect ◽  
World Health ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Selection Of

OBJECTIVE: To assess differences in semen quality between similar populations from Denmark and Finland. DESIGN: Comparison of semen quality between 221 Finnish men (of whom 115 had no proven fertility) and 411 Danish men with no proven fertility in two follow-up studies among normal couples trying to conceive. METHODS: In Finland male partners of couples without experienced infertility attempting to conceive were recruited through advertisements in local newspapers from 1984 to 1986. From 1992 to 1995 Danish men who lived with a partner and who had not attempted to achieve a pregnancy previously were recruited through their union when they discontinued birth control. All semen analyses were performed in accordance with the World Health Organization guidelines. RESULTS: Median sperm concentration, total sperm count and the percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa were significantly higher among the Finnish men without proven fertility (104.0 million/ml, 304.0 million and 58% respectively) compared with the Danish men (53.0 million/ml, 140.8 million, and 41% respectively). Sperm concentration was 105.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) 58.1%-167.6%) and total sperm count was 127.4% (95% CI 71.4%-201.6%) higher among Finnish men without proven fertility than among Danish men after control for confounders. CONCLUSIONS: Some, but hardly all, of the observed difference in semen quality may be explained by differences in recruitment procedures, selection of the men and by methodological differences in semen analysis between the two countries. Also a birth cohort effect may explain some of the differences between countries as the Finnish men were recruited 11 years before the Danish men. Therefore, follow-up studies with identical recruitment and selection of men from the two countries are needed.

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