scholarly journals The Effects of Vertical vs. Horizontal plyometric Training on Sprinting Kinetics in Post Peak Height Female Student Athletes

2022 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaushik Talukdar ◽  
Craig Harrison ◽  
Mike McGuigan ◽  
Robert Borotkanics
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Joint Stiffness ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maximal Velocity ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Contraction Speed ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sprinting Speed

Plyometric training is a form of jump training that is a useful method to improve sprinting speed due to its propensity to improve neural efficiency, increase joint stiffness and contraction speed. While research has shown that plyometrics can improve jumping and sprinting performance, no studies have compared the effects of different types of plyometric training on sprinting speed in young females. Therefore, the aim of the study was to compare different forms of plyometric training (horizontal and vertical) on sprinting performance in young females. Thirty young females from a private girls college were randomly divided into two groups and trained for seven weeks, twice a week; vertical plyometric (n=11, age 13.50 ± 0.96, peak heigh velocity-PHV: 1.60 ± 1.14), horizontal plyometric training (n=10, 13.40 ± 0.92, PHV:1.60 ± 0.93), and a physical education class as a control (n=15, age, 15.60 ± 0.31, PHV: 2.90 ± 0.55). Participants were tested for sprinting kinetics i.e. force (Fo), maximum power (Pmax), theoretical velocity (Vo), maximal velocity (Vmax), 10, 20 and 30 m split times using a radar gun over 30 m, isometric strength, vertical jump height and horizontal jump distance before and after the intervention. Both the intervention groups significantly improved all performance variables (g= 0.32- 1.30; p<0.05). The vertical group improved all kinetic variables except Fo and Pmax whereas the horizontal group improved all kinetic variables with a greater effect size g= 0.40-1.30. In comparison to the control group, the vertical group significantly improved Vo, Vmax, vertical and broad jump scores whereas the horizontal group significantly improved broad jump and 20 m split time scores (p<0.05). The findings of this study suggest that horizontal plyometric training is more effective in improving sprinting kinetics.

scholarly journals PLYOMETRIC TRAINING IMPROVES SWIMMING PERFORMANCE IN RECREATIONALLY-TRAINED SWIMMERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 436-440
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Cañas-Jamett ◽  
Julio Figueroa-Puig ◽  
Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo ◽  
Marcelo Tuesta
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Swimming Time ◽  
Before And After

ABSTRACT Introduction: Plyometric training significantly improves strength performance, including in aquatic sports. Objective: To compare changes in thigh girth, hamstring flexibility, squat jump height, and 200m swimming trial time induced by plyometric training in recreationally-trained swimmers. Methods: Eighteen recreationally-trained male swimmers (age=18-20 years) were randomly divided into a plyometric training group (PTG) and a control group (CG). All the swimmers completed a six-week speed swimming training plan. In the PTG only, the last ~15 min of each session was replaced with plyometric exercises. The physical characteristics and the thigh girth were measured before and after the six weeks of training. In addition, sit-and-reach flexibility and squat jump tests were conducted, as well as a 200m swimming trial. Results: Two-way ANOVA with post-hoc analysis revealed an increase in sit-and-reach flexibility (PRE: 4.5±5.3 cm; POST: 10.9±5.9 cm, p<0.01) and squat jump height (PRE: 24.9±3.7 cm; POST: 28.3±4.2 cm, p<0.01) and a decrease in 200m-swimming time (PRE: 220±26.5 sec; POST: 204±24.4 sec, p<0.01) for the PTG only. Comparing the absolute changes (post-pre) between the groups by the Student's t-test, the PTG showed a greater increase in distance reached in the sit-and-reach flexibility (PTG: 6.34±0.6 cm vs. CG: 2.4±1.2 cm, p<0.01) and squat jump height (PTG: 3.4±0.7 cm vs. CG: 0.7±0.3 cm, p<0.01) than the CG. In addition, the 200m swimming time decreased significantly more than in the CG (PTG: -15.1±2.4 sec vs. CG: -0.8±2.7 sec, p<0.01). Conclusion: Plyometric training improves jump height, flexibility, and 200m swimming performance in recreationally-trained adult swimmers. Level of Evidence II; Lesser quality RCT.

scholarly journals The Effect of Simulation-based Training on Athletic Performances among Female Basketball Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Zahra Javanmardi ◽  
Maryam K. Jahromi ◽  
Mohammad Hemmatinafar ◽  
Beat Knechtle ◽  
Pantelis T. Nikolaidis
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Simulation Training ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Simulation Test ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Performance

Background: The effectiveness of simulation-based training has been examined in various sports. However, considering the effect of gender and sport on training, it would be interesting to evaluate simulation-based training in female basketball. Objective: The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of simulation-based training on physical fitness and performance indices in female basketball players. Methods: Sixteen female semi-professional basketball players were randomly assigned to experimental (n=8; age, 25±2 years; weight, 62±9 kg; height, 167±8 cm) or control (n=8; age, 24±1 years; weight, 57±9 kg; height, 170±8 cm) groups. The experimental group participated in a six week basketball simulation training program including running with different speeds (jogging to sprinting), agility, jumping, and shuffling. Both groups performed the Cooper 12 min run, line drill, an adjusted T-test, 20 ms print, the Sargent vertical jump and basketball exercise simulation test before and after six weeks of the study period. Control and experimental groups performed typical basketball training, three times weekly. The overall training volume was similar for both groups. Results: The perceived exertion was higher in the simulation-based training than control (p<0.05) group. The findings of this study indicated a significant increase in VO2 max (p=0.001), anaerobic power (p=0.009), explosive leg strength (p=0.036), and total distance covered in basketball exercise simulation test (p=0.001) and decrease of the meantime of one round of basketball exercise simulation test (p=0.001) in the simulation training compared to the control group. Conclusion: Generally incorporation of the simulation-based training in conditioning programs is recommended for improving aerobic, anaerobic and leg explosive strength of basketball players.

The Effects of Aquatic Plyometric Training on Repeated Jumps, Drop Jumps and Muscle Damage

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 764-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jurado-Lavanant ◽  
J. Alvero-Cruz ◽  
F. Pareja-Blanco ◽  
C. Melero-Romero ◽  
D. Rodríguez-Rosell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drop Jump ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Jump Test

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare the effects of land- vs. aquatic based plyometric training programs on the drop jump, repeated jump performance and muscle damage. Sixty-five male students were randomly assigned to one of 3 groups: aquatic plyometric training group (APT), plyometric training group (PT) and control group (CG). Both experimental groups trained twice a week for 10 weeks performing the same number of sets and total jumps. The following variables were measured prior to, halfway through and after the training programs: creatine kinase (CK) concentration, maximal height during a drop jump from the height of 30 (DJ30) and 50 cm (DJ50), and mean height during a repeated vertical jump test (RJ). The training program resulted in a significant increase (P<0.01–0.001) in RJ, DJ30, and DJ50 for PT, whereas neither APT nor CG reached any significant improvement APT showed likely/possibly improvements on DJ30 and DJ50, respectively. Greater intra-group Effect Size in CK was found for PT when compared to APT. In conclusion, although APT seems to be a safe alternative method for reducing the stress produced on the musculoskeletal system by plyometric training, PT produced greater gains on reactive jumps performance than APT.

scholarly journals Effects of vertical and horizontal plyometric exercises on explosive capacity and kinetic variables in professional long jump athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
Amir Vazini Taher ◽  
Ratko Pavlović ◽  
Shahram Ahanjan ◽  
Iryna Skrypchenko ◽  
Marko Joksimović
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Functional Abilities ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
June July ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Control

Background and Study Aim. Athletic jumps are specific cyclically-acyclic movements that despite the good performance of the techniques require from competitors a high level of motor, specific-motor and functional abilities. The aim of this study was to examine the response effect of vertical and horizontal plyometric training on explosive capacity and kinetic variables in long jump athletes. Material and Methods. The participants of this study were twenty professional jumpers (22.5 ± 4.2 years; 178.4 ± 9.8 cm; 70.3 ± 7.6 kg) who were divided into two groups: experimental (plyometric training) and control (standard training). They participated in the last track and field championship in country, moreover, three of them participated in the last Asian games, and one athlete participated in the world track and field championship. The experiments were conducted on June-July 2019 in twenty professional athletes. All tests were performed after a standard warm up protocol. The place of camera was always determined wisely around the jumping field to attain best photography. Organizing and controlling the imaging and motor analysis processes were done by a biomechanics expert. Results. Post training results in experimental group showed more improvement in 30 m sprint, vertical jump, horizontal velocity at take-off, and long jump completion, comparing the control group. Significant between group differences in all variables were detected post training. No significant post training improvements in flight time and take off duration were reported in control group. Conclusion. Vertical and horizontal plyometric training protocol was shown to be more effective in promoting improvement in explosive capacity than kinetic variables.

scholarly journals The Individual and Combined Effects of PNF Stretching and Plyometric Training on Muscular Power and Flexibility for Volleyball Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (36) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Amr H. Tammam ◽  
Enas M. Hashem
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Muscular Power ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Post Evaluation ◽  
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control

The knowledge gained through this study could help to make plyometric training more effective when Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) stretching added to the workouts without having to isolate strength and flexibility on separate sessions. The aim of this study was to compare the individual and combined effects of 6-week of PNF stretching and plyometric training (PLYOT) in muscular power and flexibility for young volleyball players Thirty-seven male young volleyball players participated in the current study. They were distributed into four groups; PNF (n = 10), PLYOT (n = 10), Combining PNF and PLYOT (COMB) (n = 10), and control group without PNF and PLYOT (CON) (n = 7), they were tested before (PRE) and after (POST) 6-week training for muscular power [i.e. vertical jump (VJ), seated medicine ball throw (SMTH), and rotational power ball throw (RPTH)] and flexibility [i.e. sit& reach test (SRT), shoulder& wrist flexibility test (SWFT), and trunk rotation test (TRT)]. The results have shown significant effects of the time for all study variables (p ≤ 0.05) of all groups except CON group had no significant effects (p ˃ 0.05). There were statistically significant differences favor COMB group (p ≤ 0.05) at the POST evaluation in muscular power variables in comparison with the PNF and PLYOT groups, while no statistically significant differences (p ˃ 0.05) were found between PNF, PLYOT, and COMB in all flexibility variables. In conclusion the combined effect of PNF and PLYOT has surpassed the individual effect of them on muscular power but not on flexibility variables.

The Effectiveness of Aquatic Plyometric Training in Improving Strength, Jumping, and Sprinting: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Sophie E. Heywood ◽  
Benjamin F. Mentiplay ◽  
Ann E. Rahmann ◽  
Jodie A. McClelland ◽  
Paula R. Geigle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Statistical Heterogeneity ◽  
Performance Gains

Context: Aquatic plyometric training may provide benefits due to reduced joint loading compared with land plyometric training; however, the reduced loading may also limit performance gains. Objective: To systematically review the effect of aquatic plyometric training on strength, performance outcomes, soreness, and adverse events in healthy individuals. Evidence acquisition: Five databases were searched from inception to June 2020. Quality assessment and data extraction were independently completed by 2 investigators. When similar outcome measures were used, standardized mean differences were calculated. Evidence synthesis: A total of 19 randomized controlled trials with 633 participants (mean age, range 14–30 y) were included. Aquatic plyometric training was most commonly performed in waist to chest deep water (12/19 studies), 2 to 3 times per week for 6 to 12 weeks (18/19 studies), with final program foot contacts ranging from 120 to 550. Meta-analyses were not completed due to the clinical and statistical heterogeneity between studies. Compared with land plyometric training, aquatic plyometric training exercises and dosage were replicated (15/16 studies) and showed typically similar performance gains (3/4 knee extensor strength measures, 2/4 leg extensor strength measures, 3/4 knee flexor strength measures, 7/10 vertical jump measures, 3/3 sprint measures). In total, 2 of 3 studies monitoring muscle soreness reported significantly less soreness following training in water compared with on land. Compared with no active training (no exercise control group or passive stretching), most effect sizes demonstrated a mean improvement favoring aquatic plyometric training (23/32 measures). However, these were not significant for the majority of studies measuring isokinetic knee strength, vertical jump, and sprinting. The effect sizes for both studies assessing leg press strength indicated that aquatic plyometric training is significantly more effective than no training. Conclusion: Aquatic plyometric training appears similarly effective to land plyometric exercise for improving strength, jumping, and sprinting and may be indicated when joint impact loading needs to be minimized. However, the low quality of studies limits the strength of the conclusions.

The Effect of Plyometric Training Volume on Athletic Performance in Prepubertal Male Soccer Players

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1205-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmi Chaabene ◽  
Yassine Negra
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Long Jump

Purpose:To assess and compare the effects of 8 wk of in-season (2 sessions/wk) low- and high-volume plyometric training (PT) on measures of physical fitness in prepubertal male soccer players. Methods:A total of 25 soccer players were randomly assigned to a low-volume PT group (LPT; n = 13, age 12.68 ± 0.23 y, age at peak height velocity [APHV] 14.25 ± 0.29 y, maturity offset –1.57 ± 0.29 y) or a high-volume PT group (HPT; n = 12, age 12.72 ± 0.27 y, APHV 14.33 ± 0.77 y, maturity offset –1.61 ± 0.76 y). A linear-sprint test (5-m, 10-m, 20-m, and 30-m), change-of-direction (CoD) test, and vertical- (squat-jump [SJ]), countermovement- (CMJ), and horizontal-jump (standing long jump [SLJ]) test were carried out before and after 8 wk of PT. Results:There was a significant main effect of time for sprint outcomes (5-m, P = .005, ES = 0.86; 10-m, P = .006, ES = 0.85; 20-m, P = .03, ES = 0.64, and 30-m, P = .05, ES = 0.57), CoD (P = .002, ES = 0.96), SJ (P = .008, ES = 0.81; CMJ, P = .01, ES = 0.73), and SLJ ability (P = .007, ES = 0.83). There were no significant training group × time interactions in any measured outcomes. Conclusions:After 8 wk of training, results showed similar performance improvement on measures of sprint time, CoD, and jumping ability between LPT and HPT groups. From a time-efficiency perspective, it is recommended to use LPT in prepubertal male soccer players to improve their proxies of athletic performance.

scholarly journals Effect of 6-Month Fascia-Oriented Training on Jump Performance in Elite Female Volleyball Players

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Renáta Vychodilová ◽  
Martin Zvonař ◽  
Martin Sebera
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Performance Potential ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
The Difference

Fascia-oriented training is supposed to enhance physical performance potential. Specifically, the employment of the catapult mechanism, the refinement of the elastic energy storage, remodelling, rehydration and release in fascia tissue are supposed to enable faster and more powerful jump performance. The authors of the present study reviewed that little applied research has been conducted to bring scientific evidence verifying these findings in sports practice. The study was conducted to assess the effect of a 6-month, fascia-oriented training programme, designed in accordance with the principles of the fascia-oriented exercise, on the height of vertical countermovement jump (CMJ) performance in well-trained volleyball players. Sixteen female players (age 17.31 ± 0.98; height 173 ± 5.26; weight 65.25 ± 6.75) competing in the national league were randomly assigned for the training (TG) and control group (CG). TG performed a supervised 25-minute fascia-oriented training twice a week for six months. Measurements were conducted before and after the training intervention; the subjects performed 3 trials of CMJ. The study hypothesized that after the application, the height of CMJ would increase more in TG than in CG. The results show that the height of CMJ in TG increased comparing to CMJ height in CG, though the difference is not statistically significant. The results of the effect size manifest the increase of medium level, by 2.2cm in TG. Thus we conclude that the results of the study indicate that the application of the 6-month, fascia-oriented training aimed to develop the vertical jump performance potential in elite volleyball players is not statistically significantly beneficial.

scholarly journals Effect of eccentric overload through isoinertial technology in basketball players

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Cabanillas ◽  
Jorge Serna ◽  
Veronica Muñoz-Arroyave ◽  
José Albeiro Echeverri Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Professional Basketball ◽  
Vertical Vector ◽  
Weekly Session ◽  
Traditional Training ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Eccentric Overload ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract The present study investigated the effect of eccentric overload on professional basketball players. Participants were 8 players aged 18-25 years who play in a Leb Oro League team. There was an 8 week training cycle with 1 weekly session of half squats. The control group performed training following a traditional methodology –using free weights– whereas the experimental group used inertial technology, that is, the ProSquat machine from Proinertial®. Both vertical jump and 30-meter sprint were assessed before and after intervention. The following conclusions were reached: a) strength training with vertical vector improves the 30-meter sprint test and also the vertical jump; b) training program that affects the eccentric overload of the movement results in more improvements than traditional training with the same duration; c) training in the vertical vector also has an impact on the way force is manifested in the horizontal vector, showing improvements in the 30-meter sprint.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Effect of Eight Weeks Gymnastic Training on Biomotor Skills of Children

GYMNASIUM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol XXI (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Volkan Dönmez ◽  
Özhan Bavlı
Keyword(s):  
Significant Variation ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ice Skating ◽  
Leg Strength ◽  
Explosive Strength ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of this study was to research the effect on biomotor skills of adding gymnastic work to training of children receiving ice-skating education. The mean age in the study was 5.1±0.8 years, a total of 18 children volunteered to participate. The experiment group had gymnastic training in addition to ice-skating training, while the control group only participated in ice-skating training. Before and after the study, the leg strength, explosive strength, balance and flexibility skills of sportspeople were observed. The results of the study found the experimental group had significant variation in long jump, flexibility, balance and vertical jump pretest and posttest measurements (89.5±19.6 cm-100.0±13.3 cm, 7.7±4.7 cm-10.2±3.6 cm, 15.6±5.2 times-10.7±5.7 times, 15.3±6.8 cm-21.8±6.4 cm, respectively), while the control group only showed significant change for flexibility performance. In light of these results, 8-week gymnastic training can be said to be an effective method to develop explosive strength and flexibility performance.

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