scholarly journals Prostate-specific antigen and (free prostate-specific antigen/ prostate-specific antigen) ratio in patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Amal A. Hussein ◽  
Rayah S. Baban ◽  
Alaa G. Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in menworldwide. Many markers are suggested as markers of prostate cancer with differentspecificity and sensitivity.Objective : The present study’s main aim is to examine the possible utility ofprostate-specific antigen indices as markers of prostate cancer.Methods: A case-control study was conducted in the Department of Chemistry andBiochemistry, College of Medicine, Al- Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq from July2018 till March 2019, includes 84 subjects divided into three groups:Twenty Four patients with prostate cancer (PCA), thirty patients with benignprostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and thirty healthy subjects as a control group wereexamined in this study.Thirty healthy volunteer subjects were asked to be involved in this study as a controlgroup. Blood samples from these patients were collected before obtaining a prostaticbiopsy. Serum PSA, fPSA levels were quantified by the ELISA technique.Results: PSA cut-off value was found to be more than 9.57 ng/ml for Prostate Cancerpatients, values range between 3.17 - 9.57 ng/ml for BPH patients and cut-off valuefor control was found to be less than 3.17 ng/ml, while serum (fPSA/PSA) % cut-offvalue was less than 11.1% for Prostate Cancer patients, values range between 11.1% -31 % for BPH patients, and cut-off value was greater than 31% for the control group.Conclusion: There is a highly significant difference in serum PSA levels and(fPSA/PSA)% between the prostate cancer and control groups. Body mass indexshowed an inverse association with the risk of prostate cancer.

Hair nicotine concentration of cats with gastrointestinal lymphoma and unaffected control cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 186 (13) ◽  
pp. 414-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Smith ◽  
Clare Knottenbelt ◽  
David Watson ◽  
Dominic J Mellor ◽  
Alexandra Guillen Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gastrointestinal Lymphoma ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Nicotine Concentration ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Unaffected Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

BackgroundA previous study showed an association between owner-reported exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and lymphoma in cats. This study aimed to investigate the association between ETS exposure and gastrointestinal lymphoma in cats, using hair nicotine concentration (HNC) as a biomarker.MethodsThis was a prospective, multi-centre, case–control study. Gastrointestinal lymphoma was diagnosed on cytology or histopathology. Hair samples were obtained from 35 cats with gastrointestinal lymphoma and 32 controls. Nicotine was extracted from hair by sonification in methanol followed by hydrophilic interaction chromatography with mass spectrometry. Non-parametric tests were used.ResultsThe median HNC of the gastrointestinal lymphoma and control groups was not significantly different (0.030 ng/mg and 0.029 ng/mg, respectively, p=0.46). When the HNC of all 67 cats was rank ordered and divided into quartiles, there was no significant difference in the proportion of lymphoma cases or controls within these groups (p=0.63). The percentage of cats with an HNC≥0.1 ng/mg was higher for the lymphoma group (22.9%) than the control group (15.6%) but failed to reach significance (p=0.45).ConclusionA significant association was not identified between HNC (a biomarker for ETS) and gastrointestinal lymphoma in cats; however, an association may exist and further studies are therefore required.

scholarly journals Assesment of Endometrial Vascularization with Immunohistochemical CD34 Assay in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Case Control Study

2017 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Emine Aydın ◽  
Taner Usta
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Transmembrane Protein ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

<p><strong>Objectives:</strong> We compared the endometrial vascularization in hysteroscopic endometrial samplings between recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and control group.</p><p><strong>Study Design:</strong> We prospectively evaluated hysteroscopic endometrial samplings from RPL and control groups. CD34 transmembrane protein was used for evaluating endometrial vascularization. The vascularization was assessed based on thickness of vessels, diameter of the largest vessel, and number of vessels per mm2 in CD34-stained slides.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> There was no significant difference in demographic findings and vascularization, such as largest vessel diameter (p: 0.572), and number of vessels per mm2 (p: 0.982) between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The cycling endometrium is a highly angiogenic tissue and may play a role in the etiology of RPL. However, we find a weak relationship between endometrial vascularization and RPL.</p>

A Case-Control Study on the p73 G4A Gene Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Breast Cancer in an Iranian Population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab TAVAKKOL AFSHARI ◽  
Zahra GHOLIZADEH ◽  
Amin Reza NIKPOOR ◽  
Jalil TAVAKKOL AFSHARI ◽  
Rashin GANJALI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Background: The tumor protein p73 (TP73) is a homolog of TP53 family. Ectopic p73 overexpression largely mimics p53 activities as a tumor suppressor and activates the transcription of p53-responsive genes and as a result induce apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate the association between p73 G4A polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer in a northeastern Iranian population. Methods: This case-control study was performed on 105 patients who admitted in educational hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran during 2013-2015, with breast cancer as case group and 120 healthy women as the control group. PCR-CTPP method was used to investigate the relationship between the p73 G4A polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer. Results: There was no significant association between the AA genotype of the p73 G4A polymorphism and breast cancer in case and control groups. Although G allele frequency was higher in the case group, the abundance of this allele between case and control groups was not statistically meaningful and, as a result, not associated with the risk of breast cancer in this study group. Conclusion: There was no association between G4A p73 polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer in a northeastern Iranian population.  

scholarly journals Enteral L-Arginine and Glutamine Supplementation for Prevention of NEC in Preterm Neonates

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. El-Shimi ◽  
H. A. Awad ◽  
M. A. Abdelwahed ◽  
M. H. Mohamed ◽  
S. M. Khafagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Intake ◽  
Glutamine Supplementation ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Preventive Role ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Group Serum

Objective. Evaluating the efficacy and safety of arginine and glutamine supplementation in decreasing the incidence of NEC among preterm neonates.Methods.Prospective case-control study done on 75 preterm neonates ≤34 weeks, divided equally into L-arginine group receiving enteral L-arginine, glutamine group receiving enteral glutamine, and control group. Serum L-arginine and glutamine levels were measured at time of enrollment (sample 1), after 14 days of enrollment (sample 2), and at time of diagnosis of NEC (sample 3).Results. The incidence of NEC was 9.3%. There was no difference in the frequency of NEC between L-arginine and control groups (P>0.05). NEC was not detected in glutamine group; L-arginine concentrations were significantly lower in arginine group than control group in both samples while glutamine concentrations were comparable in glutamine and control groups in both samples. No significant difference was found between groups as regards number of septic episodes, duration to reach full oral intake, or duration of hospital stay.Conclusion.Enteral L-arginine supplementation did not seem to reduce the incidence of NEC. Enteral glutamine may have a preventive role against NEC if supplied early to preterm neonates. However, larger studies are needed to confirm these findings. This work is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT01263041).

Lack of Effect of a Low-Fat, High-Fruit, -Vegetable, and -Fiber Diet on Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen of Men Without Prostate Cancer: Results From a Randomized Trial

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 3592-3598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshe Shike ◽  
Lianne Latkany ◽  
Elyn Riedel ◽  
Martin Fleisher ◽  
Arthur Schatzkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Individual

PURPOSE: To determine whether a diet low in fat and high in fruits, vegetables, and fiber may be protective against prostate cancer by having an impact on serial levels of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA). METHODS: Six hundred eighty-nine men were randomized to the intervention arm and 661 to the control arm. The intervention group received intensive counseling to consume a diet low in fat and high in fiber, fruits, and vegetables. The control group received a standard brochure on a healthy diet. PSA in serum was measured at baseline and annually thereafter for 4 years, and newly diagnosed prostate cancers were recorded. RESULTS: The individual PSA slope for each participant was calculated, and the distributions of slopes were compared between the two groups. There was no significant difference in distributions of the slopes (P = .99). The two groups were identical in the proportions of participants with elevated PSA at each time point. There was no difference in the PSA slopes between the two groups (P = .34) and in the frequencies of elevated PSA values for those with elevated PSA at baseline. Incidence of prostate cancer during the 4 years was similar in the two groups (19 and 22 in the control and intervention arms, respectively). CONCLUSION: Dietary intervention over a 4-year period with reduced fat and increased consumption of fruits, vegetables, and fiber has no impact on serum PSA levels in men. The study also offers no evidence that this dietary intervention over a 4-year period affects the incidence of prostate cancer during the 4 years.

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