Hair nicotine concentration of cats with gastrointestinal lymphoma and unaffected control cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 186 (13) ◽  
pp. 414-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Smith ◽  
Clare Knottenbelt ◽  
David Watson ◽  
Dominic J Mellor ◽  
Alexandra Guillen Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gastrointestinal Lymphoma ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Nicotine Concentration ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Unaffected Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

BackgroundA previous study showed an association between owner-reported exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and lymphoma in cats. This study aimed to investigate the association between ETS exposure and gastrointestinal lymphoma in cats, using hair nicotine concentration (HNC) as a biomarker.MethodsThis was a prospective, multi-centre, case–control study. Gastrointestinal lymphoma was diagnosed on cytology or histopathology. Hair samples were obtained from 35 cats with gastrointestinal lymphoma and 32 controls. Nicotine was extracted from hair by sonification in methanol followed by hydrophilic interaction chromatography with mass spectrometry. Non-parametric tests were used.ResultsThe median HNC of the gastrointestinal lymphoma and control groups was not significantly different (0.030 ng/mg and 0.029 ng/mg, respectively, p=0.46). When the HNC of all 67 cats was rank ordered and divided into quartiles, there was no significant difference in the proportion of lymphoma cases or controls within these groups (p=0.63). The percentage of cats with an HNC≥0.1 ng/mg was higher for the lymphoma group (22.9%) than the control group (15.6%) but failed to reach significance (p=0.45).ConclusionA significant association was not identified between HNC (a biomarker for ETS) and gastrointestinal lymphoma in cats; however, an association may exist and further studies are therefore required.

scholarly journals Assesment of Endometrial Vascularization with Immunohistochemical CD34 Assay in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Case Control Study

2017 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Emine Aydın ◽  
Taner Usta
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Transmembrane Protein ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

<p><strong>Objectives:</strong> We compared the endometrial vascularization in hysteroscopic endometrial samplings between recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and control group.</p><p><strong>Study Design:</strong> We prospectively evaluated hysteroscopic endometrial samplings from RPL and control groups. CD34 transmembrane protein was used for evaluating endometrial vascularization. The vascularization was assessed based on thickness of vessels, diameter of the largest vessel, and number of vessels per mm2 in CD34-stained slides.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> There was no significant difference in demographic findings and vascularization, such as largest vessel diameter (p: 0.572), and number of vessels per mm2 (p: 0.982) between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The cycling endometrium is a highly angiogenic tissue and may play a role in the etiology of RPL. However, we find a weak relationship between endometrial vascularization and RPL.</p>

scholarly journals Prostate-specific antigen and (free prostate-specific antigen/ prostate-specific antigen) ratio in patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Amal A. Hussein ◽  
Rayah S. Baban ◽  
Alaa G. Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in menworldwide. Many markers are suggested as markers of prostate cancer with differentspecificity and sensitivity.Objective : The present study’s main aim is to examine the possible utility ofprostate-specific antigen indices as markers of prostate cancer.Methods: A case-control study was conducted in the Department of Chemistry andBiochemistry, College of Medicine, Al- Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq from July2018 till March 2019, includes 84 subjects divided into three groups:Twenty Four patients with prostate cancer (PCA), thirty patients with benignprostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and thirty healthy subjects as a control group wereexamined in this study.Thirty healthy volunteer subjects were asked to be involved in this study as a controlgroup. Blood samples from these patients were collected before obtaining a prostaticbiopsy. Serum PSA, fPSA levels were quantified by the ELISA technique.Results: PSA cut-off value was found to be more than 9.57 ng/ml for Prostate Cancerpatients, values range between 3.17 - 9.57 ng/ml for BPH patients and cut-off valuefor control was found to be less than 3.17 ng/ml, while serum (fPSA/PSA) % cut-offvalue was less than 11.1% for Prostate Cancer patients, values range between 11.1% -31 % for BPH patients, and cut-off value was greater than 31% for the control group.Conclusion: There is a highly significant difference in serum PSA levels and(fPSA/PSA)% between the prostate cancer and control groups. Body mass indexshowed an inverse association with the risk of prostate cancer.

A Case-Control Study on the p73 G4A Gene Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Breast Cancer in an Iranian Population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab TAVAKKOL AFSHARI ◽  
Zahra GHOLIZADEH ◽  
Amin Reza NIKPOOR ◽  
Jalil TAVAKKOL AFSHARI ◽  
Rashin GANJALI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Background: The tumor protein p73 (TP73) is a homolog of TP53 family. Ectopic p73 overexpression largely mimics p53 activities as a tumor suppressor and activates the transcription of p53-responsive genes and as a result induce apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate the association between p73 G4A polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer in a northeastern Iranian population. Methods: This case-control study was performed on 105 patients who admitted in educational hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran during 2013-2015, with breast cancer as case group and 120 healthy women as the control group. PCR-CTPP method was used to investigate the relationship between the p73 G4A polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer. Results: There was no significant association between the AA genotype of the p73 G4A polymorphism and breast cancer in case and control groups. Although G allele frequency was higher in the case group, the abundance of this allele between case and control groups was not statistically meaningful and, as a result, not associated with the risk of breast cancer in this study group. Conclusion: There was no association between G4A p73 polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer in a northeastern Iranian population.  

scholarly journals Enteral L-Arginine and Glutamine Supplementation for Prevention of NEC in Preterm Neonates

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. El-Shimi ◽  
H. A. Awad ◽  
M. A. Abdelwahed ◽  
M. H. Mohamed ◽  
S. M. Khafagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Intake ◽  
Glutamine Supplementation ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Preventive Role ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Group Serum

Objective. Evaluating the efficacy and safety of arginine and glutamine supplementation in decreasing the incidence of NEC among preterm neonates.Methods.Prospective case-control study done on 75 preterm neonates ≤34 weeks, divided equally into L-arginine group receiving enteral L-arginine, glutamine group receiving enteral glutamine, and control group. Serum L-arginine and glutamine levels were measured at time of enrollment (sample 1), after 14 days of enrollment (sample 2), and at time of diagnosis of NEC (sample 3).Results. The incidence of NEC was 9.3%. There was no difference in the frequency of NEC between L-arginine and control groups (P>0.05). NEC was not detected in glutamine group; L-arginine concentrations were significantly lower in arginine group than control group in both samples while glutamine concentrations were comparable in glutamine and control groups in both samples. No significant difference was found between groups as regards number of septic episodes, duration to reach full oral intake, or duration of hospital stay.Conclusion.Enteral L-arginine supplementation did not seem to reduce the incidence of NEC. Enteral glutamine may have a preventive role against NEC if supplied early to preterm neonates. However, larger studies are needed to confirm these findings. This work is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT01263041).

scholarly journals RETN rs3745368 polymorphism and resistin level in Javanese ethnic Indonesian obese: a case control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Rizki Fajar Utami ◽  
Pramudji Hastuti ◽  
Ahmad Hamim Sadewa
Keyword(s):  
Allele Frequency ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Allele Frequency Distribution ◽  
Resistin Level ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

  Obesity has become a global public health problem. It occurs due to a positive energy balance leading to adipose tissue expansion. White adipose tissue was an endocrine organ which secreted resistin. Resistin also produced by immune cells due to low chronic level inflammation might cause higher resistin level in obese people. Polymorphism +62G>A RETN gene was reported has a relationship with low resistin level and A allele as a protective allele. This study aimed to determine genotype and allele frequency distribution concerning resistin level. Another objective aimed to know the correlation between resistin level with body mass index. The design of the research was a case-control study with 122 people (18-40 y.o.), divided equally in the case group (BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2) and control group (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2) without diabetes mellitus. Blood was taken after fasting a minimal 8 hours. Plasma was used to measure the resistin level. DNA genotyping was analyzed using PCR-RFLP. Genotyping result showed three genotypes of RETN gene +62G>A polymorphism (GG, GA, AA). There was no significant difference in genotype and allele frequency distribution related to obesity status (p=0.680; p=1) and resistin level (p=0.537) between case and control group. There was no significant difference in resistin level between case and control group (p=0.770). Resistin level was correlated with BMI in obese group (p= 0.05; r= -0.25). The present study concludes that there is no significant difference in genotype and allele frequency distribution related to obesity status and resistin level. Resistin level has a negative correlation with BMI.

scholarly journals Assessment of Regulatory T Cells in Childhood Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina L. M. Mazzucco ◽  
Lauro M. Junior ◽  
Natália E. Lemos ◽  
Andréa Wieck ◽  
Annelise Pezzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

This study had the objective to assess the frequency of Tregs in children newly diagnosed with ITP and ascertain whether an association exists between Tregs and platelet counts, by means of a comparison with healthy controls. This case-control study included 19 patients newly diagnosed with ITP—whose blood samples were collected at four points in time: before any therapy and 1, 3, and 6 months after diagnosis—and 19 healthy controls. Tregs (CD4+ CD25+Foxp3 T cells) were evaluated by flow cytometry. There was a statistically significant difference in platelet count between the case and control groups. There were no significant differences in Treg counts between cases and controls at any point during the course of the study and no difference in Treg counts between the chronic and nonchronic groups and no significant correlation between Tregs and platelet counts in the case and control groups. The findings of this study did not show any statistically significant correlation between Tregs and number of platelets in the case and control groups. Treg cells did not play a role in the regulation of autoimmunity in children with ITP.

scholarly journals Association Between Serum Cadmium and Arsenic Levels with Bladder Cancer: A Case-control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Moazed ◽  
Elham Jafari ◽  
Mohammad Reza Ebadzadeh ◽  
Amin Pourzare ◽  
Hamid Reza Gharehchahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Background: Bladder cancer is the second most common cancer of the genitourinary system and the eighth cause of cancer death. In addition to known risk factors such as smoking and urinary stones, trace elements are also effective in causing bladder cancer and other cancers. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the association between bladder cancer and the carcinogens cadmium and arsenic. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 40 patients with bladder cancer admitted to Shahid Bahonar Hospital and a control group of 40 healthy individuals in Kerman, Iran, in 2018. The serum levels of arsenic and cadmium were measured by atomic absorptiometry. The paired t-test and chi-square tests were employed to assess the difference between cases and controls groups. An unadjusted and 2 multivariable conditional regression models were separately adjusted on sex, family cancer history, residence, occupation, and smoking and were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) to assess the association between arsenic and cadmium levels and bladder cancer. The statistical software SPSS version 26 and R software version 3.6.3 were used to perform the statistical analyses. Results: The mean cadmium level was 2.99 ± 1.45 and 2.59 ± 0.46 in the case and control groups, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between the groups (P = 0.100). The mean arsenic level was 2.12 ± 1.04 and 1.43 ± 0.73 in the case and control groups, respectively, demonstrating a statistically significant difference between the groups (P = 0.001). Unadjusted and adjusted conditional logistic regression models indicated significant association between arsenic levels and bladder cancer (unadjusted: odds ratio (OR) (95% CI): 0.66 (0.46 - 0.94), P-value = 0.022; adjusted: OR (95% CI): 0.64 (0.44 - 0.92), P-value = 0.018). Conclusions: Overall, cadmium and arsenic levels are higher in patients with bladder cancer, with a statistically significant difference for arsenic. However, these elements are not interrelated and are not related to other factors.

Correlation Between CCND1 Gene Polymorphism and Genetic Susceptibility to Gastric Cancer in Chinese Population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiwen Pan ◽  
Xuyu Gu ◽  
Chen Zou ◽  
Keping Chen ◽  
Yu Fan
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Ccnd1 Gene ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Normal Controls ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objective: The relationship between Cyclin D1 gene (CCND1) rs9344 polymorphism and susceptibility to gastric cancer (GC) is investigated.Methods: In a case-control study, we selected 577 cases of GC from The People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University in China along with 678 normal controls. Blood DNA was extracted and PCR amplified, gene polymorphism was determined using Snapshot method.Results: Analysis reveals significant difference in smoking between GC and control groups (P=0.006), however, not on polymorphism (P＞0.05). Conclusion: Smoking is associated with gastric cancer, whereas CCND1 rs9344 polymorphism does not implicate susceptibility of gastric cancer.

scholarly journals CHARACTERS, DETERMINANTS, AND ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CHRONIC ANEMIA AND ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: CASE–CONTROL STUDY

2019 ◽  
pp. 192-196
Author(s):  
HAIDER SHAHEED MOHAMMED
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chronic Anemia ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Objective: The objective of this study was carried out to study the characters, determinants of anemia among atrial fibrillation (AF) patients and to estimate the link between chronic anemia and AF. Methods: This is a case–control study, administrated in Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital among admitted patients in the cardiac care unit from 1st week of January 2018 to the last week of April 2019. A random sample of 100 patients was included in the study based cut of time, where a special form of inquiry sheet was constructed to gather data and it was reviewed and revised by matter experts for testing the validity and enrichment of it. Both cases of AF and control with sinus rhythm were divided into anemic and non-anemic, anemia is defined as hemoglobin <13 and <12 in male and female, respectively. A Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version (25) was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics Chi-square Fischer exact test, and ANOVA tests of significance, correlation and logistic regression analysis had been estimated where p<0.05 was set as statistically significant. Results: A total of 100 individuals had been included in the study, 50 cases with AF and 50 control with mean of age was 62.74003±13.424 years 58 females with 42 males, total non-anemic was 57 while total anemic was 43, 74.4% of AF cases was anemic while 25.6% of control group was anemic, there was statistically significant difference between cases and control according to the presence and absence of anemia where p<0.05. Conclusion: The first study done in the region to prove the direct relation of anemia on incident AF, thus in conclusion, chronic anemia had a relation with AF.

scholarly journals Association of Genetic Polymorphisms in FOXA1 with the Progression of Genetic Susceptibility to Gastric Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-wen Ding ◽  
Xu-yu Gu ◽  
Zhe Dai ◽  
Hui-wen Pan ◽  
Xiao-yan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Drinking Status ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Objective. To investigate the relationship between polymorphism of FOXA1 gene rs12894364 and rs7144658 and susceptibility to gastric cancer. Methods. A case-control study was conducted to select 577 cases of primary gastric cancer and 678 cases of normal control. We extracted whole blood genomic DNA and amplified the target gene fragment by PCR. The genotyping and allele was tested through a snapshot method. Results. There was no significant difference in the frequency distribution of genotype between the case group and control group (P>0.05). Stratified analyses showed the SNPs were not correlated with the susceptibility of GC according to different age, gender, cigarette smoking, and alcohol drinking status. Conclusion. There is no significant correlation between the polymorphisms of FOXA1 gene rs12894364 and rs7144658 and the risk of gastric cancer.

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