Music-Based Interventions with Informal Caregivers of Adult Care Recipients: An Integrative Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Lindsey Wilhelm ◽  
Kyle Wilhelm
Keyword(s):  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Adult Care ◽  
Music Therapists ◽  
Care Recipients

Music therapists work with individuals with a wide variety of diagnoses, but minimal attention has been paid to informal caregivers caring for adults with these diagnoses.  While some evidence for the use of music-based interventions (MBIs) has been presented in primary sources, a synthesis of current literature is needed to inform evidence-based practice.  The purpose of this study was to identify what MBIs have been used with informal caregivers, the effects of these interventions, whether the interventions adequately fulfill the personal needs of caregivers as identified in previous literature, and the quality of MBI reporting.  Ten studies met the predetermined criteria.  Singing and music listening were the most frequently used interventions.  Benefits for caregivers include self- and relationship-focused outcomes.  The type of benefit (self- or relationship-focused) appears to be related to the participant unit of delivery of the MBI. Future research is necessary to replicate the outcomes of MBIs for informal caregivers reported in this review, and there is a need for increased transparency in reporting.Keywords: family caregivers, informal caregivers, music, music-based intervention

scholarly journals WHAT FAMILY CAREGIVERS THINK AND FEEL WHEN PROXY ASSESSING FROM DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S977-S977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Egan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Self Assessments ◽  
Affective Experiences ◽  
Service Agencies

Abstract Dementia family caregivers are routinely enlisted as proxy assessors of care recipient quality of life (QOL). Proxy assessment is not ideal because proxy assessments differ systematically from self-assessments and the assessment process can elicit negative affect from family caregivers. Prompting adoption of the care recipient’s perspective can enhance assessment congruence and may improve the emotional experience for assessors. This study explored family caregivers’ cognitive and affective experiences during QOL proxy assessments made from both their own and care recipients’ perspectives. Thirty-six dementia family caregivers were recruited from senior service agencies. Subjects completed the Quality of Life-Alzheimer Disease (QOL-AD), Caregiver Version using standard instructions to assess QOL across thirteen domains of their care recipient’s life without specifying the perspective to be used. Subjects were next asked to repeat the QOL-AD with instructions to adopt the perspective of their care recipient, as they imagined it to be. Subjects were then interviewed about what they thought and felt during each proxy assessment experience. Content analysis indicated that spontaneous perspective shifts and response shifts frequently occurred. Most subjects (91.7%) reported changed thinking for one or more QOL-AD domains when they were prompted to switch perspectives. Over half (61.12%) reported changed affect when switching perspectives and 90.9% of those experiencing changed affect reported affective improvement. Little or no affective change was reported by 38.89%. Findings suggest awareness of perspective can enhance clinical interpretation of proxy assessed QOL and can inform clinical response to dementia family caregivers who experience negative emotions while proxy reporting QOL.

scholarly journals DO INTRA-PROXY GAPS EMERGE WHEN FAMILY CAREGIVERS ASSESS QOL FROM DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S979-S979
Author(s):  
Patricia Egan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Family Caregiver ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
The Family ◽  
Health Factors ◽  
Service Agencies

Abstract Dementia family caregivers are routinely enlisted as proxy assessors of care recipients’ quality of life (QOL). This study explored whether prompts to change perspective during QOL assessment could elicit an intra-proxy gap. The intra-proxy gap was hypothesized to be any difference between those assessments made from the caregiver’s own perspective and those made from the adopted perspective of the care recipient, as the care giver imagined it to be (Pickard and Knight, 2005). Thirty-six dementia family caregivers were recruited from senior service agencies. Subjects completed the Quality of Life-Alzheimer Disease (QOL-AD), Caregiver Version under two conditions: First, from an unprompted perspective and second, from the adopted perspective of the care recipient, as the family caregiver imagined it to be. T-testing indicated intra-proxy gaps emerged for eleven of the QOL-AD’s thirteen domains. For these domains, QOL scores were higher when assessed from the care recipient’s perspective, as the family caregiver imagined it to be. The sample was then repeatedly bisected using caregivers’ personal, relational, and health factors. T-testing indicated that family caregivers’ personal factors were associated with intra-proxy gaps across more QOL-AD domains than their relational or health factors were. Three personal factors, being of older age, having more empathetic concern, and having more empathetic distress, were associated with intra-proxy gaps more frequently than other personal factors were. Findings suggest that clinicians should be alert for perspective employed by proxy assessors and for the possibility of intra-proxy gaps. Recognition of these gaps could help improve interpretation of QOL scores.

scholarly journals EMERGING ADULT CAREGIVERS: PERCEPTIONS OF OLDER ADULT CARE RECIPIENTS, QUALITY OF CONTACT, AND AGEISM

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S952-S952
Author(s):  
Anastasia E Canell ◽  
Grace Caskie
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Adult Care ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Adult Caregivers ◽  
Quality Of Contact

Abstract Approximately 12-18% of family caregivers to older adults in the U.S. are 18-25 years old (i.e., emerging adulthood), yet minimal research has focused on this subgroup of caregivers (Levine, 2005; Smyth, Blaxland, & Cass, 2011). Individuals’ perceptions of an older adult’s social role relate to their attitudes toward older adults as a group (Hummert, 1999; Kite & Wagner, 2002). However, whether perceptions that emerging adult caregivers hold of older adults are specific to the social role of “care-recipient” has not been studied. A sample of 210 informal caregivers (ages 18-25) were surveyed to collect qualitative responses regarding perceptions of an older adult care-recipient (age 65+) and to assess quality of contact with the care-recipient and ageist attitudes. Participants were asked to provide five adjectives describing their older adult care-recipient. Approximately 43% provided a set of adjectives in which 80%-100% were coded as positive adjectives (e.g., “active”, “wise”); similarly, half of the sample’s adjective sets contained 0%-25% negative adjectives (e.g., “helpless”, “obnoxious”). The quality of contact with the care-recipient was significantly correlated (p<.001) with the percentage of positive (r=.47) and negative (r=-.49) adjectives. Scores on the Fraboni Scale of Ageism were also significantly correlated (p<.01) with the percentage of positive (r=-.19) and negative (r=.20) adjectives. Overall, these emerging adult caregivers had generally positive perceptions of their older adult care-recipients, and these perceptions reflected the positive quality of contact with the care-recipient. Less ageist attitudes’ relationship with more positive and less negative perceptions may have implications for experiences within a caregiving dyad.

Using Contextual and Visual Cues to Improve Sung Word Recognition in Hearing Aid Users

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-405
Author(s):  
Lindsey A Wilhelm
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Word Recognition ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Contextual Cues ◽  
Music Therapists

Abstract Older adults commonly experience hearing loss that negatively affects the quality of life and creates barriers to effective therapeutic interactions as well as music listening. Music therapists have the potential to address some needs of older adults, but the effectiveness of music interventions is dependent on the perception of spoken and musical stimuli. Nonauditory information, such as contextual (e.g., keywords, picture related to song) and visual cues (e.g., clear view of singer’s face), can improve speech perception. The purpose of this study was to examine the benefit of contextual and visual cues on sung word recognition in the presence of guitar accompaniment. The researcher tested 24 community-dwelling older adult hearing aid (HA) users recruited through a university HA clinic and laboratory under 3 study conditions: (a) auditory stimuli only, (b) auditory stimuli with contextual cues, and (c) auditory stimuli with visual cues. Both visual and contextual nonauditory cues benefited participants on sung word recognition. Participants’ music background and training were predictive of success without nonauditory cues, and visual cues provided greater benefit than contextual cues. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that music therapists increase the accessibility of music interventions reliant upon lyric recognition through the incorporation of clear visual and contextual cues.

scholarly journals From research to practice: a model for clinical implementation of evidence-based outpatient interventions for eating disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen E. Anderson ◽  
Sara G. Desai ◽  
Rodie Zalaznik ◽  
Natalia Zielinski ◽  
Katharine L. Loeb
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Clinical Implementation ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Age Range

Abstract Background A question frequently raised in the field is whether evidence-based interventions have adequate translational capacity for delivery in real-world settings where patients are presumed to be more complex, clinicians less specialized, and multidisciplinary teams less coordinated. The dual purpose of this article is to (a) outline a model for implementing evidence-driven, outpatient treatments for eating disorders in a non-academic clinical setting, and (b) report indicators of feasibility and quality of care. Main Body Since our inception (2015), we have completed nearly 1000 phone intakes, with first-quarter 2021 data suggesting an increase in the context of COVID-19. Our caseload for the practice currently consists of approximately 200 active patients ranging from 6 to 66 years of age. While the center serves a transdiagnostic and trans-developmental eating disorder population, modal concerns for which we receive inquiries are Anorexia Nervosa and Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder, with the most common age range for prospective patients spanning childhood through late adolescence/emerging adulthood; correspondingly, the modal intervention employed is Family-based treatment. Our team for each case consists, at a minimum, of a primary internal therapist and a physician external to the center. Short Conclusion We will describe our processes of recruiting, training and coordinating team members, of ensuring ongoing fidelity to evidence-based interventions, and of training the next generation of clinicians. Future research will focus on a formal assessment of patient outcomes, with comparison to benchmark outcomes from randomized controlled trials.

scholarly journals Music Therapy Interventions for Stress Reduction in Adults With Mild Intellectual Disabilities: Perspectives From Clinical Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina de Witte ◽  
Esther Lindelauf ◽  
Xavier Moonen ◽  
Geert-Jan Stams ◽  
Susan van Hooren
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Music Therapists ◽  
Therapeutic Goals ◽  
Therapy Goals ◽  
Therapy Interventions

Stress is increasingly being recognized as one of the main factors that is negatively affecting our health, and therefore there is a need to regulate daily stress and prevent long-term stress. This need seems particularly important for adults with mild intellectual disabilities (MID) who have been shown to have more difficulties coping with stress than adults without intellectual disabilities. Hence, the development of music therapy interventions for stress reduction, particularly within populations where needs may be greater, is becoming increasingly important. In order to gain more insight into the practice-based knowledge on how music therapists lower stress levels of their patients with MID during music therapy sessions, we conducted focus group interviews with music therapists working with adults with MID (N = 13) from different countries and clinical institutions in Europe. Results provide an overview of the most-used interventions for stress reduction within and outside of music. Data-analysis resulted in the further specification of therapeutic goals, intervention techniques, the use of musical instruments, and related therapeutic change factors. The main findings indicate that music therapists used little to no receptive (e.g., music listening) interventions for stress reduction, but preferred to use active interventions, which were mainly based on musical improvisation. Results show that three therapy goals for stress relief could be distinguished. The goal of “synchronizing” can be seen as a sub goal because it often precedes working on the other two goals of “tension release” or “direct relaxation,” which can also be seen as two ways of reaching stress reduction in adults with MID through music therapy interventions. Furthermore, the tempo and the dynamics of the music are considered as the most important musical components to reduce stress in adults with MID. Practical implications for stress-reducing music therapy interventions for adults with MID are discussed as well as recommendations for future research.

Anxiety Disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 338-344
Author(s):  
Ashley M. Nelson ◽  
Chelsea S. Rapoport ◽  
Lara Traeger ◽  
Joseph A. Greer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Mental Health Clinicians ◽  
Patient Centered

The focus of this chapter is on the clinical manifestation of anxiety disorders in patients diagnosed with cancer. We review the prevalence and correlates, presenting characteristics, assessment methods and recommendations, and evidence-based pharmacologic and psychosocial treatments of anxiety in this population. Cancer-related considerations that may impact care and treatment planning are highlighted. Close collaboration between oncology and mental health clinicians as well as between the patient and their multidisciplinary team is essential for developing a patient-centered approach for managing anxiety, improving quality of life, and supporting participation in cancer care. The chapter concludes with discussion of key directions for future research on anxiety disorders in the oncology setting.

An Empirical Review of Peer-Mediated Interventions: Implications for Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison L. Zagona ◽  
Ann M. Mastergeorge
Keyword(s):  
Social Communication ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Social Communication Skills ◽  
Communication Needs

Peer-mediated instruction and intervention (PMII) is a systematic, evidence-based method for addressing the social-communication needs of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Despite existing research on this practice, gaps remain in the implementation of PMII. The purpose of this empirical review was to examine recent applications of this evidence-based practice and systematically assess the quality of the analytic approaches implemented. Recent studies selected for this review included participants with ASD and targeted social-communication skills. The Scientific Merit Rating Scale (SMRS) was used to review the quality of the research studies, and the results suggest that PMII continues to be an effective practice. These results indicate that future research should focus on larger study Ns, particularly for those who are preschool-age, and include measures of generalization and maintenance as well as treatment integrity measures of peers’ actions. The effectiveness of PMII relative to positive developmental outcomes is discussed.

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