scholarly journals Eliminate obstacles of use the solar systems as buildings facades using multilayers optical interference filters

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
Zainab I. AL-Assadi ◽  
Fawzia Asadi ◽  
Ban M. Alameri
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Solar Systems ◽  
Building Facades ◽  
Solar Thermal Collectors ◽  
Metallic Strip ◽  
Aesthetic Aspect ◽  
Black Color

The Building design in a correct way and totalitarian requires integration of using solar energy technologies in the architectural design stage of the roofs and facades as the most appropriate places to obtain solar energy because it greatly affects the architectural aesthetic. This integration has to be taken into account at the design stage, which leads to effective and attractive solutions. Architecture needs the energy to complete its functions to increases human effectiveness and ability to do its tasks better, solar energy is the main factor of providing the necessary energy due to its abundance as well as being clean energy and does not cause polluting emissions to the environment. To provide a comfortable indoor environment for the occupants, Solar Thermal Collectors (STC) and Photovoltaics Cells (PV) used, which convert solar energy into thermal energy and electrical energy, respectively. The main problem of this study is concerning with the problems of the black color, visible tubes, metallic strip gradients (absorption strip), and welding points of the solar systems which gives the facades of the buildings an undesirable view and weakens the aesthetic aspect of the buildings and limits the abilities of architects to use because of their black color and undesirable aspect. The aim of this study is a design of optical interference filter (multilayer coatings) prepared by RF magnetron sputtering as a solution to the problem of black color, visible tubes, metallic strip gradients (absorption strip), and welding points in solar thermal collectors and photovoltaic cells, which are the main reasons for not using solar systems as building facades, this technique works to increase the efficiency of the solar systems and increase the amount of clean energy generated, also enhancing the expressive and aesthetic aspect of facades of buildings. In the NIR region this filter works as an anti-reflective coating. Also the coating includes a high color reflection at a certain wavelength in the VIS region to give the solar system an aesthetic feature, which is used as building facades by using appropriate dielectric substances with high and low reflective indexes likes SiO2 and MgF2 respectively. The results of the study showed that the increase in the number of layers will lead to an increase in the visible reflectivity peak, while near of infrared region remains an anti-reflective with a high Transmission of solar rays, thus increasing solar systems efficiency.

scholarly journals Enhancing the aesthetic aspect of the solar systems used as facades for building by designing multi-layer optical coatings

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Zainab I. AL-Assadi ◽  
Fawzia Irhayyim AL-Assadi
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Optical Coatings ◽  
Solar Systems ◽  
Building Facades ◽  
Aesthetic Aspect ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Effective Integration

The design of zero-energy buildings can be depending on the effective integration of solar energy systems with building envelopes, where these systems save heat and electricity as well as enhance the aesthetic aspect of the facades. In this paper, the aspects related to the effective integration of buildings with solar energy systems (solar cells and collectors) will be discussed, as well as enhancing the aesthetic aspect of the facades, and since solar energy systems are visible to everyone, their design must adapt to the building structure and the surrounding environment. Solar energy system designers, architects, physicists and other contributors to building energy envelopes must consider the comprehensive concept of it, where buildings are part of the human and social environment and in close relationship with the natural environment, through the use of thin films technology through the design of multi-layers colored optical coatings covering solar panels for building facades. Accordingly, the energy sector should be seen as an area of aesthetic creativity. Two dielectric materials were used, the first is ThF4 with a high refractive index (1.5143) and the second is LiF with a low refractive index (1.393) and for several odd layers, starting from 3 layers and up to 21 layers and for a thicknesses of a quarter wavelength. The design Air/L/H/Glass was applied by the Mat Lab program for the seven colors of the spectrum, So, the aim of this research is determined in designing colored optical coatings for solar systems that enhance the aesthetic aspect of building facades, as well as generating thermal and electrical energy needed to operate the buildings and to find out which color has the best visible reflectivity and solar transmittance better than the rest of the spectrum, all the results exhibit that yellow color has the higher visible reflectivity and higher merit factor, so it is consider the most efficient color for coloring the solar systems than the rest of colors spectrum.

scholarly journals Design of a New Solar Thermal Collector with Ceramic Materials Integrated into the Building Facades

Designs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Jordi Roviras Miñana ◽  
Vicente Sarrablo Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Collector System ◽  
System A ◽  
Solar Thermal Collector ◽  
Building Facades ◽  
Solar Thermal Collectors ◽  
High Degree

The work presented here aims to demonstrate the technical, architectural, and energy viability of solar thermal collectors made with ceramic materials and their suitability for domestic hot water (DHW) and building heating systems in the Mediterranean climate. The proposal is for the design of a ceramic shell, formed by collector and non-collecting panels, which forms part of the building system itself, and is capable of responding to the basic requirements of a building envelope and harnessing solar energy. Ceramics considerably reduce the final cost of the collector system and offer the new system a variety of compositional and chromatic finishes, occupying the entire building surface and achieving a high degree of architectural integration, although less energy-efficient compared to a conventional metallic collector.

scholarly journals Solar Energy Potential in Turkey

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Havva Balat
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Yearly Average ◽  
Solar Thermal Applications

In this study, the solar energy potential of Turkey was investigated. Among the alternative clean energy resources in Turkey, the most important one is solar energy. Turkey's solar energy potential has been estimated to be 26.4 million toe as thermal and 8.8 million toe as electricity. Generally, solar energy is used for heating and the consumption of solar energy has increased from 5 ktoe in 1986 to 335 ktoe in 2003. Turkey's geographical location is highly favourable for utilization of solar energy. The yearly average solar radiation is 3.6 kWh/(m2 day) and the total yearly insulation period is approximately 2460 hours, which is sufficient to provide adequate energy for solar thermal applications.

Effective Approaches for the Improvement of Solar Energy Collector Efficiency in Town Buildings

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 1723-1726
Author(s):  
Yun Peng Zhang ◽  
Shun Xiang Sun ◽  
Yan Hou
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Thermal Arrest ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Solar Absorption ◽  
Collector Efficiency ◽  
Energy Shortage

In order to reasonably make good use of solar energy---a kind of typical and clean energy, especially increase the efficiency of solar energy usage in town buildings, this paper introduces and analyzes solar Thermal-arrest Technology by way of how to increase solar absorption efficiency and how to decrease collector heat loss, finds an effective way to increase the efficiency of present solar collectors. Solar Thermal-arrest Technology is good for being widely used in town buildings. Its reasonable development is helpful to reducing building energy consumption and the relief of present energy shortage in China.

scholarly journals A Review of Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) Technology for Residential Applications: Performance Indicators, Progress, and Opportunities

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3853
Author(s):  
Sree Harsha Bandaru ◽  
Victor Becerra ◽  
Sourav Khanna ◽  
Jovana Radulovic ◽  
David Hutchinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Solar Thermal Collector ◽  
Solar Thermal Collectors

Solar energy has been one of the accessible and affordable renewable energy technologies for the last few decades. Photovoltaics and solar thermal collectors are mature technologies to harness solar energy. However, the efficiency of photovoltaics decays at increased operating temperatures, and solar thermal collectors suffer from low exergy. Furthermore, along with several financial, structural, technical and socio-cultural barriers, the limited shadow-free space on building rooftops has significantly affected the adoption of solar energy. Thus, Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) collectors that combine the advantages of photovoltaic cells and solar thermal collector into a single system have been developed. This study gives an extensive review of different PVT systems for residential applications, their performance indicators, progress, limitations and research opportunities. The literature review indicated that PVT systems used air, water, bi-fluids, nanofluids, refrigerants and phase-change material as the cooling medium and are sometimes integrated with heat pumps and seasonal energy storage. The overall efficiency of a PVT system reached up to 81% depending upon the system design and environmental conditions, and there is generally a trade-off between thermal and electrical efficiency. The review also highlights future research prospects in areas such as materials for PVT collector design, long-term reliability experiments, multi-objective design optimisation, techno-exergo-economics and photovoltaic recycling.

scholarly journals Potential for Building Façade-Integrated Solar Thermal Collectors in a Highly Urbanized Context

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Frattolillo ◽  
Laura Canale ◽  
Giorgio Ficco ◽  
Costantino C. Mastino ◽  
Marco Dell’Isola
Keyword(s):  
Primary Energy ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Thermal Systems ◽  
The Real ◽  
Solar Systems ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Solar Thermal Collectors ◽  
The Mediterranean

Development of technologies, materials, support systems, and coatings has made the integration of solar thermal systems into the building envelope increasingly possible. Solar thermal collectors can either be directly integrated, substituting conventional roof or façade covering materials, or constitute independent devices added to a roof or façade structure. Aimed at estimating the real effectiveness of building-integrated solar systems for domestic heat water (DHW) production or for heating integration, when horizontal or inclined pitches on buildings are not applicable, the authors analyze a case study with different scenarios, taking into account the issues connected to a highly urbanized context in the Mediterranean climate. A GIS model was used for estimating the energy balance, while the real producibility of the simulated systems was calculated by a dynamic hourly simulation model, realized according to ISO 52016. The savings in terms of primary energy needs obtained by installing solar thermal systems on the facade are presented, and the differences between the cases in which the system is used for DHW production only and for space heating too are distinguished and discussed. The evaluated potential is quantified in the absence of roof collectors, despite their high potential in the Mediterranean region, in order to better appreciate the effects induced by integrated facade systems.

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