scholarly journals Chromatic leucism in the flap shell turtle, Lissemys punctata from Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-131
Author(s):  
M.F. Rabbe ◽  
M.M. Alam ◽  
M.F. Jaman ◽  
M.S. Hossain ◽  
K.N.M. Sarafat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Freshwater Wetlands ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Pale Yellow ◽  
Green Colour ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
Defence Strategy ◽  
Olive Green ◽  
Commercial Trade

The spotted flap shell turtle, Lissemys punctata (Bonnaterre, 1789) has a distribution in Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal and Pakistan. In Bangladesh, this species is widely distributed throughout the freshwater wetlands and the low-lying floodplains, coastal islands, and hill districts. This species is listed in CITES (Appendix II) and protected by Bangladesh Wildlife Conservation & Security Act 2012 (Schedule II), where commercial trade is strictly prohibited. Lissemys punctata has an oval and domed carapace with olive-green colour spotted by dark yellow blotches. The head is also olive green often with yellow blotches, whereas the plastron is whitish or pale yellow. The colour of this species may vary depending on its habitat and defence strategy. Colour aberration in animals may occur due to a lack of melanin. Golden yellow colour aberration (chromatic leucism) is rare in animals, especially in turtles. This might be because of the absence of melanin in the outer dermis. The presence of high xanthophores and yellow pteridine pigments in the skin are also responsible for the golden yellow colour aberration.

scholarly journals Supplementary note on the constitution of chlorophyll

1883 ◽  
Vol 36 (228-231) ◽  
pp. 285-286
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Disulphide ◽  
Alcoholic Solution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Green Product ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Fatty Matter ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Green Colour ◽  
Dark Green

After the reading of the note on chlorophyll at the meeting of the society on December 13th, I was reminded by Professor Stokes that e and others had succeeded in separating the complex to which the erm chlorophyll had previously been applied into two substances, or ather groups of substances, one characterised by its green colour and ed fluorescence, the other showing a more distinctly yellow colour without fluorescence, and he suggested to me that it would be advisable to ascertain whether the property of yielding glucose by decomposition with acids might not belong to one of these substances or groups of substances only. Professor Stokes at the same time kindly communicated to me the details of the process whereby he succeeded n effecting the separation referred to, a process depending on the action of carbon disulphide in' removing some of the bodies contained n an alcoholic solution of crude chlorophyll in preference to others. The process employed for the same purpose by Mr. Sorby is essentially the same. Before applying disulphide of carbon to an alcoholic extract of green leaves according to the process of Professor Stokes, it was necessary first to remove the ready-formed glucose, tannin, and other matters soluble in water, which almost always exist in such extracts, and which would by their presence have rendered the result of the experiment quite uncertain. This was done in the way I have already described. An ethereal solution of chlorophyll prepared by my method was evaporated, and the residue having been dissolved in alcohol, the solution was mixed with a quantity of carbon disulphide larger than the alcohol would dissolve, and the mixture well shaken. The carbon disulphide acquired a dark green colour, while the supernatant alcoholic liquid, containing principally the xanthophyll of Professor Stokes and Mr. Sorby, was yellow with a tinge of green. The two liquids having been separated, the lower dark green one was washed several times with alcohol to remove any of the xanthophyll that might still be present, and having then been mixed with a large quantity of alcohol, a current of air was passed through it to remove the excess of carbon disulphide as directed by Professor Stokes. In this way I obtained two liquids, one intensely green, the other deep yellow with only a tinge of green. The two liquids were found to contain substances essentially different so far as regards their products of decomposition with acids. The yellow liquid having been mixed with dilute sulphuric acid was evaporated in the waterbath, water being added during evaporation, until the liquid had lost nearly all its colour. A quantity of yellow fatty matter separated during evaporation, and this having been filtered off the liquid was found to contain an abundance of glucose. The yellow fatty matter insoluble in water, dissolved easily in alcohol, but the yellow solutio showed none of the characteristic absorption bands of “acid chloro phyll.” The dark green liquid, treated in exactly the same way yielded a dark green product insoluble in water. The filtrate Iron this gave a slight reaction with Fehling’s solution, but so trifling comparatively that I am inclined to attribute it to the presence o some substance not completely removed from the disulphide of carboi solution by washing with alcohol. The dark green product of tin action of acid insoluble in water was soluble, though with difficultyin boiling alcohol, the solution being dull green and showing the absorption bands due to “acid chlorophyll.” If, therefore, chloro phyll be defined as the constituent of the green parts of plants, which gives a spectrum showing the well-known bands at the red end, and yields by decomposition with acids the product or products going by the name of “acid chlorophyll,” of which Fremy’s phyllocyanin is the most important and most characteristic, then chlorophyll is not a glucoside. The glucoside which accompanies it and resembles it as regards solubility in various menstrua may have to be sought among the group of bodies to which the generic name of xanthophyll has been applied.

scholarly journals Effect of Harvesting Stages on Seed and Oil Yield of Rapeseed-mustard to Suitable in a Cropping Pattern

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
A. H. M. Motiur Rahman Talukder ◽  
Mrityunjoy Biswas ◽  
Mohammad Noor Hossain Miah ◽  
M. A. Kashem ◽  
Lutfun Nahar
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Pale Yellow ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
Green Stage ◽  
Full Maturity

Aim: To find out the optimum harvesting stage of high yielding rapeseed-mustard varieties to fit in rice based cropping pattern. Study Design: The field study was arranged following RCB (factorial) design with three replications. Place and Duration of the Study: Agronomy field of Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jamalpur (located between 24°34ʹ and 25°26ʹ North latitude and 89°40ʹ and 90°12ʹ East longitude), Bangladesh during 2015-2016 and 2016-2017. Methodology: Seeds of mustard varieties viz. BARI Sarisha-11, BARI Sarisha-14, BARI Sarisha-15, Binasarisha-4 & Tori-7 were sown in line maintaining 30cm spacing on 02 November, 2015 and 06 November, 2016. This varieties were harvested at four different harvesting stages viz. H1= Green stage of siliquae, H2= Pale yellow stage of siliquae, H3= Golden yellow stage of siliquae and H4= Full maturity stage of siliquae. Green stage of siliquae was determined just at seven to ten days after all flower droppings of crop while the pale and golden yellow stage of siliquae was determined when 40%-50% and 70%-80% bearing turned into light yellow and deep yellow in color respectively. Full maturity stage of siliqua was determined when lower bearing just brust out. Results: BARI Sarisha-14, BARI Sarisha-15 (B. campestris) and Binasarisha 4 (B. napus) may be harvested at pale yellow stage of siliquae at 73, 82 and 78 DAS (average of two years) considering 11.0% seed and 3.15% oil yield; 10.0% seed and 1.56% oil yield; 6.60% seed and 3.90% oil yield loss respectively than full maturity stage of siliquae. Conclusion: BARI Sarisha-14, BARI Sarisha-15 and Binasarisha 4 need to be sown within first week of November in districts named Mymensingh (located 24°15′ and 25°15′ N and 90°49′ E longitudes),  Jamalpur (located 24°34ʹ and 25°26ʹN latitude and 89°40ʹ and 90°12ʹ E longitude) and Tangail (located 24°01′ and 24°47′ N latitudes and 89°44′ and 90°18' E longitudes) and the crop should be harvested at pale yellow stage of siliquae (within 73-82 days period) sacrificing seed and oil yield loss to some extent to introduce HYVs of rapeseed-mustard in rice based cropping pattern.

scholarly journals Rhodamine-Sulphuric Acid -A New Visualization Reagent for the Determination of Sucralose by HPTLC

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (s1) ◽  
pp. S559-S565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Idris ◽  
Seema Srivastava ◽  
T. R. Baggi ◽  
S. K. Shulka ◽  
A. K. Ganjoo
Keyword(s):  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Artificial Sweetener ◽  
Yellow Fluorescence ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Olive Green

Sucralose a UV-visible inactive compound was separated on silica gel plate without any plate treatment prior to analysis, derivatized with rhodamine - sulphuric acid reagent and detected densitometrically at 456 nm as olive green band. With this reagent sucralose also shows golden yellow fluorescence at 366 nm. Two new solvent systemsi.e. chloroform: methanol: toluene (v/v 5:3.5:1.5) (solvent system-I) and chloroform: ethanol: benzene (v/v 5:3:2) (solvent system-II) were developed and giving Rfvalues of 0.62 and 0.45 respectively. The method was found to be sensitive with good limit of detection (LOD) for two solvent systems. The method imparts specificity to the method as at 456 nm sucralose only gives olive green color spots where as other artificial sweeteners did not show any response to this reagent, where as carbohydrates gives black color spots. Similarly sucralose gives golden yellow fluorescence at 366 nm which is not given by any other artificial sweetener. The method was highly reproducible with relative standard deviation (RSD)≤3% (n=3) and was applied for the determination of sucralose in different matrices like cola drinks, lemon juices, sugar free sweets, tabletop sweeteners etc.etc.

scholarly journals Seed Harvesting at Different Maturity Stages of Siliqua on Seed Quality of Rapeseed-Mustard Varieties

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-130
Author(s):  
AHMMR Talukder ◽  
M Biswas ◽  
MNH Miah ◽  
MA Kashem ◽  
L Nahar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Pale Yellow ◽  
Maturity Stages ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
Full Maturity

A laboratory experiment with three replicates was conducted at Plant Physiology Division research laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) during November, 2015 to observe the seed quality of rapeseed-mustard by harvesting at different maturity stages of siliqua. Seeds were collected from siliqua of different rapeseed-mustard varieties and harvesting was made at different maturity stages based on their external color i.e., Green, pale yellow, Golden yellow and full maturity stage of siliqua. After harvesting of siliqua as per external color seeds were dried naturally about 48 hours and were packed in polythene and stored at laboratory environment for next season uses. Under laboratory condition seeds were evaluated in terms of moisture and germination percentage, speed of germination, root and shoot length, vigor index etc. Moisture content was found significantly at elevated level in respect of mustard varieties of BARI Sarisha-14 (V2), BARI Sarisha-6 (V3) and Tori-7 (V4).  The variety Tori-7 and BARI Sarisha-14 showed  the highest vigor index-II & vigor index-I, respectively. Among the harvesting stages, most of the parameters showed the highest standards in seeds harvesting at full maturity of siliqua stage (H4) followed by the golden yellow siliqua stage (H3) and pale yellow siliqua stages seeds (H2).Irrespective of rapeseed-mustard varieties seed collected from golden yellow and pale yellow siliqua stages could  be stored up to twelve month for next season without significant loss in terms of germination percentage and vigor followed by full maturity stages of siliqua harvested seeds (H4). Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22(1): 121-130

scholarly journals IX. On the constitution of the resins

1839 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 119-137
Keyword(s):  
Large Family ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Pale Yellow ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Relative Composition ◽  
Pale Yellow Colour ◽  
Higher Temperature

The object of the investigation, of which the present paper forms a part, is 1. To determine the relative composition of the various resins which occur in nature. Possessing so many properties in common, this large family of natural productions ought also to present many analogies in constitution. 2. To ascertain how far they may be considered as derivatives from one common radical; and 3. Whether it is possible to represent them all by one or more general formulæ. I. Resin of Mastic. Mastic resin is said to be obtained from the Pistacea lentiscus , and to be produced chiefly in the island of Chios. It occurs in drops or tears, which are transparent, and of a pale yellow colour. It melts at 212°, and emits a peculiar and not unpleasant odour. Fused in a retort it gives off an acid liquid in small quantity. If the heat be raised to 300° Fahr. and upwards, the melted mass froths up, and water and acid vapours are evolved. At a higher temperature a pale yellow liquid distils over very slowly, at first of the consistence of oil, but increasing in thickness as the process proceeds, water and acid being also given off during the whole process. What remains in the retort is of a black colour, and nearly insoluble in alcohol.

scholarly journals TRICHOGRAMMA PRETIOSA, RILEY: COLOUR VARIATION IN THE ADULT, WITH DESCRIPTION OF A NEW VARIETY

1906 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Arsene Girault
Keyword(s):  
Original Description ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Colour Variation ◽  
Pale Yellow ◽  
Pale Yellow Colour ◽  
Trichogramma Minutum

In the original description of this insect, * Dr.Riley says that on account of its uniform pale yellow colour it is easily distinguished from Trichogramma minutum, Riley, which is black. Unfortunately, this does not hold.† Out of the hundreds of specimens of pretiosa reared during the enire season of 1904, at Paris, Texas, from the eggs of Heliothis obsoleta, Fabricius, there appeared from a lot of host eggs on Sept. 20th a number of dark individuals, which could easily have been mistaken for a distinct species.

scholarly journals The formation of the anthocyan pigments of plants. - Part VI

1913 ◽  
Vol 87 (593) ◽  
pp. 113-131 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dilute Acid ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Pigment Formation ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Pale Yellow ◽  
Deep Yellow ◽  
Cheiranthus Cheiri

In the previous communications of this series we have recorded the results of observations on the oxydases and chromogens concerned with the production of anthocyan pigments. The study of pigment formation is continued in the present communication, the sections of which deal with the following subjects :— 1. A pigment-producing glucoside of the wallflower ( Cheiranthus Cheiri ). 2. The formation of pigment-producing substances from glucosides. 3. The biochemistry of Mendelian colour characters Section 1.— A Pigment-producing Glucoside of the Wallflower. It is customary to divide the sap-pigments of plants into two series, the red, purple, and blue anthocyan pigments, and the yellow xanthein pigments. Miss Wheldale has, however, suggested, on genetical grounds, that the anthocyan and xantheiu pigments are related with one another. This author points out that most plants contain colourless or pale yellow substances which give a canary yellow colour with ammonia. When heated with dilute acid they assume a deep yellow colour and reduce Fehling’s solution. Hence, they are to be regarded as glucosides.

scholarly journals Keragaan Fenotipe Ikan Tambakan (Helostoma temminkii. Cuvier 1829) Hasil Domestikasi (Takhasi)

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Otong Zenal Arifin ◽  
Wahyulia Cahyanti ◽  
Jojo Subagja ◽  
Anang Hari Kristanto
Keyword(s):  
Standard Length ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Female Fish ◽  
Male Fish ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Green Colour ◽  
Freshwater Aquaculture

Ikan tambakan berpotensi dibudidayakan karena memiliki keunggulan seperti kemampuan beradaptasi terhadap perairan dengan kadar oksigen terlarut rendah dan tergolong ikan dengan nilai fekunditas yang tinggi. Penelitian untuk mengetahui keragaan fenotipe ikan tambakan hasil domestikasi telah dilakukan di Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Tawar dan Penyuluhan Perikanan, Bogor. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkarakterisasi bentuk morfologi berdasarkan morfometrik, meristik, dan warna yang berguna dalam pengelolaan pembenihan dan budidaya ikan tambakan. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui pengamatan bentuk tubuh dan genitalia ikan jantan dan betina, pengukuran bagian tubuh, penghitungan jumlah dan jenis jari sirip, linea lateralis, warna ikan dan morfometrik. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bentuk tubuh ikan jantan lebih ramping dibanding ikan betina, ikan betina mempunyai rasio panjang standar terhadap tinggi badan sebesar 2,08±0,117; ikan jantan sebesar 2,26±0,095. Rasio panjang standar terhadap lebar badan pada ikan jantan adalah 0,95±0,018 dan ikan betina 1,01±0,025. Nilai koefisien variasi (CV) rerata seluruh karakter tubuh tergolong rendah, dengan nilai 12,2±10,73. Karakter C4 (awal sirip dorsal-akhir sirip anal) merupakan karakter nilai CV paling rendah yaitu 3,2% dan karakter D1 (akhir sirip anal-awal sirip ekor bawah) mempunyai nilai CV tertinggi yaitu 43,8%. Berdasarkan karakter meristik dan warna, tidak terdapat perbedaan antara jantan dan betina. Warna ikan tambakan terdiri atas warna punggung hijau keabuan (TC 613), warna operculum hijau keperakan (TC 613), warna perut perak sampai keabuan (TC 521) dan warna gonad kuning oranye (TC 023).Kissing gouramy has potentially to be cultivated due to the ability to adapt on swampy waters and has high eggs fecundity. Research on phenotype performance of domesticated kissing gouramy was done at the Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture Research and Development, Bogor. The purpose of this study was to characterize morphological forms based on the morphometrics, meristics, and color of domesticated fish that will be useful in the aquaculture management. The data were collected through observation of body shape and genitalia of male and female fish, measurement of body parts, counting the number and the type of fin, linea lateralis, fish color and the morphometric measurement. The obtained results showed that the body shape of the male fish was slender than that of the female fish, the female fish had a ratio of standard length to the height of 2.08 ± 0.117, male fish of 2.26 ± 0.095. The standard length ratio to body width in male fish was 0.95 ± 0.018 and female fish was 1.01 ± 0.025. The mean value of coefficient variation (CV) of the whole body character was low, with value 12,2 ± 10,73. C4 character (beginning of dorsal fin-end of anal fin) was the lowest character of CV value of 3.2% and D1 character (final anal fin-bottom caudal fin) had the highest CV value of 43.8%. Based on the meristic and color character there was no difference between male and female. The dorsal, overculum, ventral part and matured gonad of domesticated kissing gouramy fish had gray-green colour (TC 613), silver-green colour (TC 613), silver-gray to silver colour (TC 521) and orange yellow colour (TC 023) respectively.

scholarly journals Colouristic Analysis of Russian Orders

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-87
Author(s):  
Eduard Mikheev
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Base Metals ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Colour Palette ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
Gold Silver ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Historical Periods ◽  
Grey Colour

In addition to the symbolism, compositional laconism and colour palette are important for the visual perception of an order. The combination of colours is the first thing perceived by the human eye. This article offers an analysis, based on colour science and colouristics, of the colours and their combinations used to create orders. The work examines three periods of the Russian order: the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union, and modern Russia. Gold, silver, platinum, and sometimes copper are used in the manufacture of orders. Each of these metals has its own colour: gold is golden yellow, silver and platinum are of silver-grey colour, and copper is golden pink. The colour of the enamel may be ruby red, white, blue, grey, black and green. All orders are divided into four groups. Orders for which only one colour is used are in the first group. These are orders made of one type of metal without the use of enamel. The second group includes awards to which, in addition to the base metal, enamel or the second metal is added. Orders consisting of three colours are in the third group; orders with four colours or more are in the fourth group. An order which is made using only ruby red enamel can be considered an example of a good and concise combination. The classic combination of the silver-grey metal with red enamel works very well. The yellow colour of the metal matches with the red one, creating a bright festive palette. The same as the combination of the saturated and the neutral, the golden yellow goes well with the silver-grey. In addition to the base metals, such as silver and enamel, gilding is used in other awards. As a rule, red is dominant in such orders; some elements are gilded but the silver-grey colour balances the bright combination of red and golden. The next category of orders with four or more colours can be divided into two subgroups. The first subgroup includes orders with one or two dominant colours whereas orders with four or more colours, distributed relatively evenly, are in the second one. Having analysed the orders of the three historical periods of Russia, the following conclusions can be drawn: the royal orders are more conservative, the most interesting colour combinations are from the Soviet era, the modern awards have largely lost the experience of previous generations.

scholarly journals II. Chemical examination of the fluid from the peritoneal cavity of the nematode entozoa

1865 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 69-70 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Cavity ◽  
Muscular Tissue ◽  
Chemical Examination ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Pale Yellow ◽  
Pale Yellow Colour ◽  
Offensive Odour

Some time ago Dr. Cobbold sent me a quantity of fluid which he had extracted from about seventy perfectly fresh specimens of the Ascaris megalocephala of the horse, and he requested me to make an analysis of it. I most willingly availed myself of this unusual opportunity of ascertaining the composition of this fluid, the sample procured by Dr. Cobbold being fortunately large enough for the purpose. The analysis of this fluid is interesting as showing that its composition is similar to that of juice of flesh in the higher animals, and consequently that the process of assimilation occurs in these worms much in the same way as in those animals where the organs of digestion and circulation are perfectly developed. It also shows that a fluid similar to that existing in muscular tissue is apparently elaborated by the intestines of the Ascarides , while in the higher animals this fluid is formed from the blood. The fluid was turbid, of a pale yellow colour, and emitted an offensive odour, although not of decomposition.

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