scholarly journals Developments of Mathematical-Physical Biology, Matrix Mechanics in Pharmacology, and Medicine with Time Sequences

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Yi-Fang Chang
Keyword(s):  
Protein Folding ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Symbolic Dynamics ◽  
Minimum Amount ◽  
Quantum Biology ◽  
Matrix Mechanics ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Time Sequences

First, some mathematical and physical developments of biology and medicine are discussed, including biofield and biological electromagnetics. Second, we research nonlinear biology and biotopology, in which some knots may describe the protein folding. Third, symbolic dynamics of biology and the extensive quantum biology are researched. Fourth, we study the biothermodynamics and entropy. In thermodynamics of pharmacology, the main effects of various drugs are to promote internal interactions in body, and entropy decrease. Further, we introduce the diagnostic space, treatment space and some medicinal vectors, and propose the matrix mechanics of pharmacology. Finally, we research biology, medicine and pharmacology with time sequences. If we master the medication time, this will be able to get the minimum amount of medication, and the drugs can play the maximum treatment effect. If period is accurate, it can determine the time of play, negotiations, attack, etc. But, period of each individual should be change follow age, etc. This is a very valuable research.

scholarly journals Hsp60-independent protein folding in the matrix of yeast mitochondria.

1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 764-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rospert ◽  
R. Looser ◽  
Y. Dubaquie ◽  
A. Matouschek ◽  
B. S. Glick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Folding ◽  
Yeast Mitochondria ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Independent Protein

One-Dimensional Harmonic Oscillator in Quantum Phase Space

2011 ◽  
Vol 110-116 ◽  
pp. 3750-3754
Author(s):  
Jun Lu ◽  
Xue Mei Wang ◽  
Ping Wu
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Harmonic Oscillator ◽  
Quantum Phase ◽  
Space Representation ◽  
Wave Mechanics ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Matrix Mechanics ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Quantum Wave ◽  
The One

Within the framework of the quantum phase space representation established by Torres-Vega and Frederick, we solve the rigorous solutions of the stationary Schrödinger equations for the one-dimensional harmonic oscillator by means of the quantum wave-mechanics method. The result shows that the wave mechanics and the matrix mechanics are equivalent in phase space, just as in position or momentum space.

scholarly journals Cyclophilin 20 is involved in mitochondrial protein folding in cooperation with molecular chaperones Hsp70 and Hsp60.

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 2654-2662 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Rassow ◽  
K Mohrs ◽  
S Koidl ◽  
I B Barthelmess ◽  
N Pfanner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Folding ◽  
Cyclosporin A ◽  
Molecular Chaperones ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Inhibitory Drug ◽  
Preprotein Translocation ◽  
Cellular Compartments ◽  
Precursor Molecules

We studied the role of mitochondrial cyclophilin 20 (CyP20), a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, in preprotein translocation across the mitochondrial membranes and protein folding inside the organelle. The inhibitory drug cyclosporin A did not impair membrane translocation of preproteins, but it delayed the folding of an imported protein in wild-type mitochondria. Similarly, Neurospora crassa mitochondria lacking CyP20 efficiently imported preproteins into the matrix, but folding of an imported protein was significantly delayed, indicating that CyP20 is involved in protein folding in the matrix. The slow folding in the mutant mitochondria was not inhibited by cyclosporin A. Folding intermediates of precursor molecules reversibly accumulated at the molecular chaperones Hsp70 and Hsp60 in the matrix. We conclude that CyP20 is a component of the mitochondrial protein folding machinery and that it cooperates with Hsp70 and Hsp60. It is speculated that peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases in other cellular compartments may similarly promote protein folding in cooperation with chaperone proteins.

The Matrix Mechanics of the Spinning Electron

1930 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-506
Author(s):  
G. Temple
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Wave Equation ◽  
Linear Wave ◽  
Linear Wave Equation ◽  
Wave Operators ◽  
Matrix Mechanics ◽  
The Matrix

In three earlier papers the author has developed the theory of the operational wave equation, which was originally suggested by Professor Eddington as the most extensive generalisation possible of the linear wave equation devised by Dirac. The wave function,ψ, plays a very minor rô1e in the development of this theory and, in reality, it is introduced simply to provide an operand which shall be patient of the action of the wave operators, A1, A2, A3, A4. The object of this paper is to show that the wave function may be entirely eliminated from the theory, which then takes the form of a “ matrix mechanics,” i.e. a set of relations between matrices representing the coordinates, the momenta and the spin operators.

A sparse additive model for treatment effect-modifier selection

Biostatistics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung Park ◽  
Eva Petkova ◽  
Thaddeus Tarpey ◽  
R Todd Ogden
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Nonlinear Interactions ◽  
Treatment Variable ◽  
Effect Modifier ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Simultaneous Treatment ◽  
Treatment Effect Modifier ◽  
Additive Modeling ◽  
Main Effects

Summary Sparse additive modeling is a class of effective methods for performing high-dimensional nonparametric regression. This article develops a sparse additive model focused on estimation of treatment effect modification with simultaneous treatment effect-modifier selection. We propose a version of the sparse additive model uniquely constrained to estimate the interaction effects between treatment and pretreatment covariates, while leaving the main effects of the pretreatment covariates unspecified. The proposed regression model can effectively identify treatment effect-modifiers that exhibit possibly nonlinear interactions with the treatment variable that are relevant for making optimal treatment decisions. A set of simulation experiments and an application to a dataset from a randomized clinical trial are presented to demonstrate the method.

scholarly journals The physical interpretation of the quantum dynamics

1927 ◽  
Vol 113 (765) ◽  
pp. 621-641 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Quantum Dynamics ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Classical Mechanics ◽  
Incident Radiation ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Original Matrix ◽  
Matrix Mechanics ◽  
The Matrix

The new quantum mechanics consists of a scheme of equations which are very closely analogous to the equations of classical mechanics, with the funda­mental difference that the dynamical variables do not obey the commutative law of multiplication, but satisfy instead the well-known quantum conditions. It follows that one cannot suppose the dynamical variables to be ordinary numbers (c-numbers), but may call them numbers of a special type (q-numbers). The theory shows that these q-numbers can in general be represented by matrices whose elements are c-numbers (functions of a time parameter). When one has performed the calculations with the q-numbers and obtained all the matrices one wants, the question arises how one is to get physical results from the theory, i. e., how can one obtain c-numbers from the theory that one can compare with experimental values ? Hitherto this has been done with the help of a number of special assumptions. In Heisenberg’s original matrix mechanics it was assumed that the elements of the diagonal matrix that repre­sents the energy are the energy levels of the system, and the elements of the matrix that represents the total polarisation, which are periodic functions of the time, determine the frequencies and intensities of the spectral lines in analogy to the classical theory. Schrodinger’s wave representation of the quantum mechanics has provided new ways of obtaining physical results from the theory, based on the assumption that the square of the amplitude of the wave function can in certain cases be interpreted as a probability. From this assumption one can, for instance, work out the probability of a transition being produced in a system (or the number of transitions produced in an assembly of like systems) by an arbitrary external perturbing force, and can thus, by supposing the perturbation to consist of incident radiation, obtain directly Einstein’s B coefficients. Again in Born’s treatment of collision problems it is assumed that the square of the amplitude of the wave function scattered in any direction determines the probability of the colliding electron (or other body) being scattered in that direction.

Electrochemical Compaction of the Collagen: Effects on Matrix Mechanics and MSC Response

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipuil Kishore ◽  
Mousa Younesi ◽  
Stefi Panit ◽  
Ozan Akkus
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Molecular Packing ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
Collagen Gels ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Tendon Tissue ◽  
Matrix Mechanics ◽  
Tendon Tissue Engineering ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Collagen Molecules

The molecules of the extracellular matrix in connective tissues are densely packed. Biofabrication methods to attain such molecular packing density are limited and electrochemical processing (EP) of monomeric collagen solutions is one of few means to attain molecular packing. During EP, the pH gradient between electrodes drives the electrophoretic mobility of collagen molecules toward the isoelectric point where molecules are compacted. Our earlier work used linear electrodes to fabricate highly aligned crosslinked collagen fibers for tendon tissue engineering [1–4]. Prior work compared electrocompacted-aligned matrices with uncompacted randomly oriented ones. Therefore, the effects of alignment and compaction were compounded in terms of assessing cell response. So as to take the matrix alignment variable out of the picture to investigate matrix compaction effects only, we employed disc shaped electrodes to obtain electrocompacted sheets which lack matrix alignment. The current study investigated: a) the degree of compaction, b) effect of compaction on the mechanical properties of the sheets, and, c) mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) proliferation and morphology on compacted sheets relative to uncompacted collagen gels.

scholarly journals Mechanical Interaction of Angiogenic Microvessels With the Extracellular Matrix

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lowell T. Edgar ◽  
James B. Hoying ◽  
Urs Utzinger ◽  
Clayton J. Underwood ◽  
Laxminarayanan Krishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Mechanical Interaction ◽  
Matrix Mechanics ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Vascular Elements ◽  
The Matrix

Angiogenesis is the process by which new blood vessels sprout from existing blood vessels, enabling new vascular elements to be added to an existing vasculature. This review discusses our investigations into the role of cell-matrix mechanics in the mechanical regulation of angiogenesis. The experimental aspects of the research are based on in vitro experiments using an organ culture model of sprouting angiogenesis with the goal of developing new treatments and techniques to either promote or inhibit angiogenic outgrowth, depending on the application. Computational simulations were performed to simulate angiogenic growth coupled to matrix deformation, and live two-photon microscopy was used to obtain insight into the dynamic mechanical interaction between angiogenic neovessels and the extracellular matrix. In these studies, we characterized how angiogenic neovessels remodel the extracellular matrix (ECM) and how properties of the matrix such as density and boundary conditions influence vascular growth and alignment. Angiogenic neovessels extensively deform and remodel the matrix through a combination of applied traction, proteolytic activity, and generation of new cell-matrix adhesions. The angiogenic phenotype within endothelial cells is promoted by ECM deformation and remodeling. Sensitivity analysis using our finite element model of angiogenesis suggests that cell-generated traction during growth is the most important parameter controlling the deformation of the matrix and, therefore, angiogenic growth and remodeling. Live two-photon imaging has also revealed numerous neovessel behaviors during angiogenesis that are poorly understood such as episodic growth/regression, neovessel colocation, and anastomosis. Our research demonstrates that the topology of a resulting vascular network can be manipulated directly by modifying the mechanical interaction between angiogenic neovessels and the matrix.

Derived from Comic Strip Graphics: Remediation beyond Comic Book Adaptations in The Matrix (1999), The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly (1966), and The Dark Tower: The Gunslinger Born (2007)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew Morton
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Comic Book ◽  
Comic Strip ◽  
Industrial Practice ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Marvel Comics ◽  
Spatial Discontinuity ◽  
Time Sequences

This chapter examines stylistic remediation beyond comic book films and the industrial practice beyond case studies in adaptation by focusing on three films: The Matrix (1999), The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly (1966), and The Dark Tower: The Gunslinger Born (2007). It first considers “bullet time” in The Matrix, showing that its formal migration is an example of transmedia style: narratives delivered across multiple platforms that are united by stylistic remediation. It then compares comic book space and caricature in Sergio Leone's The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly and the Marvel Comics adaptation of Stephen King's The Dark Tower novels. It also explains how The Matrix stylistically remediates the motion lines of comics within its bullet time sequences while Leone's construction of space eschews the conventions of the continuity system in favor of the spatial discontinuity present across comic book panels.

scholarly journals A Study on the Mechanical Properties of the Representative Volume Element in Fractal Porous Media

Geofluids ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianjun Liu ◽  
Mingyang Wu ◽  
Zhengwen Zhu ◽  
Zuliang Shao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Porous Media ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Representative Volume Element ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Volume Element ◽  
Structure Generation ◽  
Matrix Mechanics ◽  
Representative Volume ◽  
The Matrix

Natural porous structure is extremely complex, and it is of great significance to study the macroscopic mechanical response of the representative volume element (RVE) with the microstructure of porous media. The real porous media RVE is generated by an improved quartet structure generation set (QSGS), and the connectivity of the reconstructed porous media models is analyzed. The fractal dimension of the RVE is calculated by the box-counting method, which considers the different porosity, different fractal dimension, and different mechanical properties of the matrix. Thus, the stress-strain curves of the RVE in the elastoplastic stage under different conditions are obtained. The results show that when the matrix mechanics are consistent, the mechanical properties of the porous media RVE are negatively correlated with the porosity and fractal dimension; when the difference between the porosity and fractal dimension increases, the trend is more obvious. The mechanical properties of the RVE have a positive correlation with the modulus of elasticity of the matrix, though the correlation with Poisson’s ratio of the matrix is weak. The fractal dimension of complex porous media can better predict the RVE mechanical characteristics than the porosity.

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