Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Potential of Chromolaena odorata: A Review

Inflammatory diseases have affected a large proportion of the population worldwide, and inflammation is a major risk factor for several dangerous disease pathologies. The increasing incidence and impact of inflammatory diseases have prompted research into pharmacological strategies to deal with them. Chromolaena odorata is traditionally used as an anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antioxidant, analgesic, and as a wound-healing agent. Therefore, this review aimed to obtain a comprehensive review of the anti-inflammatory activity of Chromolaena odorata. This review provides evidence in the literature for the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of Chromolaena odorata, from 2010 to 2021. Three bibliographic databases were used as primary sources of information (PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar). The keywords in this research were "Anti-inflammatory", "Analgesic" and "Chromolaena odorata". A total of 7 studies were included in this review according to the required criteria, 3 of which were in vitro studies and 4 in vivo studies.Pharmacological studies reported that Chromolaena odorata was proven to have anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting NO, NF-κβ, p38 MAPK, IL-1β, TNF-α, suppressed leukocyte cell migration, reduced of edema and Chromolaena odorata also was shown analgesic activity through significantly reduced stomach writhing and reduction pain sensation in rats. This review explains the potential importance of Chromolaena odorata as a natural anti-inflammatory and analgesic.

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Advances in Anti-inflammatory Activity, Mechanism and Therapeutic Application of Ursolic Acid

Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1389557521666210913113522 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

Author(s):

Mingzhu Luan ◽

Huiyun Wang ◽

Jiazhen Wang ◽

Xiaofan Zhang ◽

Fenglan Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ursolic Acid ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Kidney Diseases ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Inflammatory Factors ◽

Inflammatory Stimuli ◽

Bowel Diseases ◽

Anti Inflammatory

: In vivo and in vitro studies reveal that ursolic acid (UA) is able to counteract endogenous and exogenous inflammatory stimuli, and has favorable anti-inflammatory effects. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms mainly include decreasing the release of histamine in mast cells, suppressing the activities of lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenase and phospholipase, and reducing the production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species, blocking the activation of signal pathway, down-regulating the expression of inflammatory factors, and inhibiting the activities of elastase and complement. These mechanisms can open up new avenues for the scientific community to develop or improve novel therapeutic approaches to tackle inflammatory diseases such as arthritis, atherosclerosis, neuroinflammation, liver diseases, kidney diseases, diabetes, dermatitis, bowel diseases, cancer. The anti-inflammatory activity, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of ursolic acid and its therapeutic applications are reviewed in this paper.

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Stauntonia hexaphylla leaf extract (YRA-1909) suppresses inflammation by modulating Akt/NF-κB signaling in lipopolysaccharide-activated peritoneal macrophages and rodent models of inflammation

Food & Nutrition Research ◽

10.29219/fnr.v65.7666 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jaeyong Kim ◽

Gyuok Lee ◽

Huwon Kang ◽

Ji-Seok Yoo ◽

Yongnam Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Extract ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Vascular Diseases ◽

Peritoneal Macrophages ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Inflammatory Stimuli ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Background: Inflammation is emerging as a key contributor to many vascular diseases and furthermore plays a major role in autoimmune diseases, arthritis, allergic reactions, and cancer. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is a component constituting the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, is commonly used for an inflammatory stimuli to mimic inflammatory diseases. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a transcription factor and regulates gene expression particularly related to the inflammatory process. Stauntonia hexaphylla (Lardizabalaceae) is widely used as a traditional herbal medicine for rheumatism and osteoporosis and as an analgesic, sedative, and diuretic in Korea, Japan, and China. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of YRA-1909, the leaf aqueous extract of Stauntonia hexaphylla using LPS-activated rat peritoneal macrophages and rodent inflammation models. Results: YRA-1909 inhibited the LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory cytokine production in rat peritoneal macrophages without causing cytotoxicity and reduced inducible NO synthase and prostaglandin E2 levels without affecting the cyclooxygenase-2 expression. YRA-1909 also prevented the LPS-stimulated Akt and NF-κB phosphorylation and reduced the carrageenan-induced hind paw edema, xylene-induced ear edema, acetic acid-induced vascular permeation, and cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation in a dose-dependent manner in mice and rats. Conclusions: S. hexaphylla leaf extract YRA-1909 had anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo that involves modulation of Akt/NF-κB signaling. Thus, YRA-1909 is safe and effective for the treatment of inflammation.

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The Anti-Inflammatory Activity of HMGB1 A Box Is Enhanced When Fused with C-Terminal Acidic Tail

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology ◽

10.1155/2010/915234 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2010 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Wei Gong ◽

Yingru Zheng ◽

Fan Chao ◽

Yuan Li ◽

Zhizhen Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fusion Proteins ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

In Vivo Experiments ◽

Specific Antagonist ◽

Proinflammatory Activity ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Effect

HMGB1, composed of the A box, B box, and C tail domains, is a critical proinflammatory cytokine involved in diverse inflammatory diseases. The B box mediates proinflammatory activity, while the A box alone acts as a specific antagonist of HMGB1. The C tail contributes to the spatial structure of A box and regulates HMGB1 DNA binding specificity. It is unknown whether the C tail can enhance the anti-inflammatory effect of A box. In this study, we generated fusion proteins consisting of the A box and C tail, in which the B box was deleted and the A box and C tail were linked either directly or by the flexible linker sequence(Gly4Ser)3. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that the two fusion proteins had a higher anti-inflammatory activity compared to the A box alone. This suggests that the fused C tail enhances the anti-inflammatory effect of the A box.

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Anti-inflammatory Plant Polyphenolics and Cellular Action Mechanisms

Current Bioactive Compounds ◽

10.2174/1573407215666190419205317 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 809-817

Author(s):

Reyaz H. Mir ◽

Mubashir H. Masoodi

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Wide Distribution ◽

Research Literature ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Systemic Review ◽

Bibliographic Databases ◽

Cellular Mechanisms ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Background: Polyphenolics, a group of natural substances with a wide distribution in the plant kingdom present a great diversity of biological activities such as anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, anti-carcinogenic, modulation of enzyme activity, prevention of CHD, etc. The objective of this review was to describe the relevant aspects of polyphenolics, reporting the different known groups, the probable mechanisms by which they act as anti-inflammatory agents. An attempt was also made to enumerate the possible leads e.g. curcumin, resveratrol, baicalein for further development. Methods: For peer-reviewed research literature we undertook a structured search of bibliographic databases using a focused review question. The quality of retrieved papers was appraised using standard tools. The systemic review consists of research using scientific databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Research: Compounds like Quercetin, luteolin, apigenin, fisetin, wogonin, and baicalein showed antiinflammatory activity in-vitro through different cellular mechanisms and these were also reported to possess significant anti-inflammatory activity in animal models of inflammation. Conclusion: It is evident that polyphenolic compounds such as flavonoids, lignans, phloroglucinols, stilbenes, diarylheptanoids, quinones, and phenylpropanoids exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity in-vivo as well as in-vitro. Although, these active compounds are not drugs per se, however, they deserve further investigation as potential candidates for anti-inflammatory drug development through preclinical and clinical studies.

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New ursolic acid derivatives bearing 1,2,3-triazole moieties: design, synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo

Molecular Diversity ◽

10.1007/s11030-021-10236-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tian-Yi Zhang ◽

Chun-Shi Li ◽

Li-Ting Cao ◽

Xue-Qian Bai ◽

Dong-Hai Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ursolic Acid ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Design Synthesis ◽

Anti Inflammatory

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ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF CURCUMIN AND CAPSAICIN AUGMENTED IN COMBINATION

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i6.18635 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 145

Author(s):

Thriveni Vasanth Kumar ◽

Manjunatha H. ◽

Rajesh Kp

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Vascular Permeability ◽

Diclofenac Sodium ◽

Significant Inhibition ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

The Individual

Objective: Dietary curcumin and capsaicin are well known for their health beneficial potencies. The current study was done to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin, capsaicin and their combination by employing in vitro and in vivo models.Methods: We investigated the protective effect of curcumin, capsaicin and their combination using in vitro heat induced human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilisation, in vivo 3% agar induced leukocyte mobilisation and acetic acid induced vascular permeability assay.Results: Curcumin, capsaicin and their combination exhibited concentration dependent protective effect against heat-induced HRBC membrane destabilisation, while combined curcumin and capsaicin restored 87.0±0.64 % membrane stability and it is found to be better than curcumin, capsaicin and diclofenac sodium (75.0±0.25. 72±0.9 and 80.0±0.31 %) protective effect. In agar suspension induced leukocyte mobilization assay, the combined curcumin and capsaicin had shown 39.5±1.58 % of inhibition compared to individual curcumin and capsaicin, which showed moderate inhibition of 16.0±3.14 and 21.6±2.17 % respectively. Besides, the combined curcumin and capsaicin had shown highly significant inhibition of acetic acid-induced vascular permeability in rats (62.0±3.14 %), whereas individual curcumin and capsaicin showed moderate inhibition of vascular permeability with 36.0±2.41 and 43.0±1.92 % respectively.Conclusion: This study demonstrates the significant anti-inflammatory property of combined curcumin and capsaicin at half of the individual concentration of curcumin and capsaicin.

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