scholarly journals Utilisation of Oil Palm Fibre Biomass Waste as Additives in Foamed Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Azree Othuman Mydin
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Foamed Concrete ◽  
Oil Palm Fibre ◽  
Palm Fibre

Worldwide, the construction industry has acknowledged the future demand for lightweight construction materials, with high workability, self-compacting, and environmentally friendly. Given this demand, recent innovative material namely foamed concrete (FC), has been found to reduce normal concrete’s weight potentially. However, while FC made with Ordinary Portland Cement has good compressive strength, other characteristics such as tension are relatively weak given the number of micro-cracks. Therefore, the study focused on the potential use of oil palm fibres in FC regarding their durability and mechanical properties. Notably, one of the major issues faced in the construction of reinforced FC is the corrosion of reinforcing steel which affects the behaviour and durability of concrete structures. Hence, in this study, oil palm fibres were added to improve strength and effectively reduce corrosion. Five types of fibre generated from oil palm waste were considered: oil palm trunk, oil palm frond, oil palm mesocarp and empty fruit bunch consisting of the stalk and spikelets. Specimens with a density of 1800 kg/m3 were prepared in which the weight fraction of the fibre content was kept constant at 0.45% for each mixture. Testing ages differed in testing and evaluating the parameters such as compressive strength, flexural strength, tensile strength, porosity, water absorption, drying shrinkage and ultrasonic pulse velocity. The results showed that the incorporation of oil palm fibre in FC helped reduce water absorption, porosity and shrinkage while enhancing the compressive, flexural and tensile strength of FC.

scholarly journals Effect of Curing Method on Properties of Lightweight Foamed Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.29) ◽  
pp. 927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishir Kado ◽  
Shahrin Mohammad ◽  
Yeong Huei Lee ◽  
Poi Ngian Shek ◽  
Mariyana Aida Ab Kadir
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Splitting Tensile Strength ◽  
Structural Members ◽  
Lightweight Construction ◽  
Foamed Concrete ◽  
Curing Method

Lightweight construction is aimed to achieve a sustainable feature by reducing transportation frequency and construction materials usage during construction phase. Lightweight precast concrete may serve an alternative for the lightweight construction. There are rarely application can be found for structural members as lightweight panels always to be used for secondary or non-load bearing members. This paper presents an experimental study on properties (compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, water absorption) of lightweight foamed concrete (LFC) at two different curing methods. LFC with densities of 1500, 1700, and 1800 kg/m3, cement-sand ratio of 2:1 and water-cement ratio of 0.5 were investigated. The results showed LFC can be produced with the properties ofdensity range of 1500 to 1800 kg/m3 and corresponding compressive strength of 10 to 39 MPa. The higher the density of LFC, the less the water absorption for all the curing method considered, the highest and the lowest water absorption was 11.3% and 2.0% for 1500 kg/m3 cured in water and 1800 kg/m3 cured in air respectively. Compressive strength of LFC increases with age and density while water cured LFC has high compressive strength. Splitting tensile strength increases with density of LFC, but air cured LFC has more splitting tensile strength than water cured of the same density. The highest splitting tensile strength recorded was 3.92 MPa for 1800 kg/m3 cured in air, which was about 16% of its compressive strength at 28 days of curing age. These properties are important and can be applied to LFC precast structural members with air or water curing method which have less references for LFC in structural usage.  

Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Oil Palm Fiber (OPF) Partial Replacement of Cement

2020 ◽  
Vol 861 ◽  
pp. 482-487
Author(s):  
Gunalaan Vasudevan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Palm Fiber ◽  
Cement Replacement ◽  
Partial Cement Replacement ◽  
Oil Palm Fibre ◽  
Palm Fibre

This research showed the results of experiments effect use of oil palm fibre (OPF) from oil palm industry as partial replacement for ordinary Portland cement. Research on the reuse of waste materials in the concrete industry has been quite intensive in the past decade. The objective of this research is to identify the Effect of oil palm fibre as a partial cement replacement in the production of concrete. After the treatment, the economical ways to dispose of it is by using landfill method. But due to a limited landfill site in Malaysia and it is the temporary solution for the disposal of the waste, it becomes a problem to Malaysia and the number of the oil palm fibre keeping increase year by year because of the population increase year by year too. The results showed that oil palm fibre (OPF) greatly improved the compressive and flexural strength of concrete. The rate of water absorption of oil palm fibre (OPF) concrete was reduced as oil palm fibre filled up the existing voids, making it more impermeable. However, the compressive strength of the oil palm fibre concrete decreases gradually when the amount of oil palm fibre (OPF) increased. It can be concluded that the optimum percentage of oil palm fibre as a partial cement replacement is 10%. In this direction, an experimental investigation of ultrasonic pulse velocity, carbonation test, compressive strength, flexural strength and water absorption was undertaken to use oil palm fiber and admixtures as partial replacement for cement in concrete.

ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF HIGH VOLUME BIOMASS WASTE MORTAR

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Habeeb Lateef Muttashar ◽  
M. W. Hussin ◽  
Jahanger Mirza ◽  
Ghasan Fahim Huseien
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Fibre ◽  
Palm Fibre

This paper represents the effects of using waste generated from palm oil industries like ash, shell and fibre on the engineering properties of mortar. Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) was used as cement replacement up to 60% and Oil Palm Kernel Shell (OPKS) as sand replacement in mortar mixture. The Oil Palm Fibre was added to increase the strengthening performance of mortar. The method used to find the water binder ratio was by trial and error method with 1:3 ratio of cement to sand. The cubes size of 70mm x 70mm x 70mm, beams size of 40mm x 40mm x 160mm, and cylinders size of 70mm diameter and 150mm height, were cast and tested for compressive strength, flexural strength and splitting tensile strengths of mortar. Samples were cured in water before testing it at 7, 28, and 60 days. Also, the water absorption of mortar was tested at the age of 28 days. The results showed that oil palm fibre provided more advantages and increase the strength properties especially in the flexural and tensile strength. The addition of Oil Palm Kernel Shell reduced the density of mortar and it can be used for lightweight application.  The test results also showed that as the POFA ratio increased, the compressive strength of mortar decreased. However, as OPKS ratio increased, the density was found to be decreased. The mix proportions using 60% POFA and 20% OPKS was considered as the optimum mix design. The mortar showed optimum strength at 9% with the addition of fibre.

THE EFFECT OF OIL PALM ASH INCORPORATION IN FOAMED CONCRETE

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah A. Hadi ◽  
Hanizam Awang ◽  
Muhammed Zuhear Almulali
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Target Density ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Foamed Concrete ◽  
Oil Palm Ash ◽  
Enhanced Properties

This paper investigates the effect of replacing different portions of cement by fine oil palm ash (FOPA). A target density of 1000 kg/m3 was used for the foamed concrete mixes. A foamed concrete mix of 1 part binder, 2 parts filler and 0.45 part of water has been used. Cement was replaced at levels of 25, 35, 45, 55 and 65% by weight of binder. The compressive strength, density, water absorption, drying shrinkage and sorptivity were tested at different ages. The mix containing 25% of fine OPA showed enhanced properties in comparison to the control mix at the age of 90 days. The mixed showed higher compressive strength, less water absorption, increased density and lesser sorptivity. However, the same mix showed higher shrinkage readings than that of the control mix. 

An Investigation on Tensile, Compression and Flexural Properties of Natural Fibre Reinforced Polyester Composites

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. F. Yousif ◽  
K. J. Wong ◽  
N. S. M. El-Tayeb
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Polyester Composites ◽  
Oil Palm Fibre ◽  
Palm Fibre ◽  
Palm Bunch

In the present work, effects of two types of natural fibres on mechanical properties of polyester composites were investigated at different volume fractions of fibre. Tensile, compression, and flexural properties of oil palm bunch and oil palm fruit fibres reinforced polyester composites were investigated. Additionally, tensile strength of the selected composites was calculated theoretically. Scanning electron microscope was used to observe the fracture mechanism of the specimens. Single fiber pull-out tests were carried out to determine the interfacial shear strength between polyester resin and both types of oil palm fibre. As results, it was found that both types of oil palm fibre enhanced the mechanical performance of polyester composites. At higher volume fraction (≈41%), tensile strength was improved, when polyester reinforced with oil palm fruit fibres, i.e. 2.5 folds improvement in the tensile strength value. Further, experimental tensile strength values of oil palm bunch/polyester composites was found to be less varied compared to theoretical results. Flexural strength of polyester was worsened with oil palm fibres at all of fibre volume fraction.

A brief description of the foam concrete: its properties, advantages and disadvantages: review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruqaya F. Hamada ◽  
Awham M. Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Foam Concrete ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Foamed Concrete

: The foam concrete has many advantages when compared to conventional concrete such as advanced strength to weight ratio as well as the material for energy-saving construction. This concrete has broadly been utilized in the constructing manufacturing. The current work presents an appraisal of foamed concrete ingredients, fabricating methods, as well as the foamed concrete features. Furthermore, this literature appraisal aims for providing a complete vision about the tests, including compressive strength, density, porosity, splitting tensile strength and water absorption of foamed concrete. Also, this paper focuses to study the development and applications of the foam concrete. The advantages and disadvantages of this type of concrete were presented in details through this article.

scholarly journals Mechanical Performance of Cockle Shell Particles (CSP) and Oil Palm Fibre (OPF) Reinforced Epoxy Composite

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
Sujan Debnath ◽  
Abdul Hamid Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Particle Loading ◽  
Shell Particle ◽  
Shell Particles ◽  
Oil Palm Fibre ◽  
Palm Fibre ◽  
Cockle Shell

The effects of particle sizes (range 1, 2 and 3) and particle loading (5wt%, 10wt%, 15wt%, 20wt% and 25wt %) on the mechanical properties (tensile and flexural properties), water absorption properties and morphology analysis (optical microscope) of epoxy composites reinforced with cockle shell particles and hybrid epoxy based composite reinforced with cockle shell particles and oil palm fibres were investigated. Pre-chemical treatment of alkaline solution (NaOH) with 5% concentration was used to treat the oil palm fibre prior to the fabrication of composite. Based on the findings, the composite with smaller size and lower loading of cockle shell particle showed higher improvement in mechanical properties. Meanwhile, the hybrid epoxy based composite reinforced with smaller size of cockle shell particle and oil palm fibre showed enhancement in mechanical properties. For water absorption analysis, cockle shell particle-epoxy composites with lower particle loading showed less water uptake.

scholarly journals Utilization of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch in Cement Bricks

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Jen Hua Ling ◽  
Yong Tat Lim ◽  
Wen Kam Leong ◽  
How Teck Sia
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Feasibility Evaluation ◽  
Oil Palm Industry

Oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) is a biomass waste abundantly produced by the oil palm industry in Malaysia. To minimize the environmental impacts, it needs to be properly disposed of or being rapidly consumed as a raw material of another industry. This study investigated the feasibility of substituting EFB in cement bricks, which is in high demand by the construction industry. A total of 120 specimens having the cement-to-sand (c/s) ratios of 1:2.5 and 1:3 were produced in the laboratory. EFB fibre was used to replace 10% to 25% of sand in the mix by volume. The specimens were tested for the compressive strength, density and water absorption after 28 days of casting. For the mix of 1:2.5 c/s ratio, 25% EFB content reduced 22% of density, decreased 59% of compressive strength and increased 43% of water absorption capacity of normal cement brick. This was mainly attributed to the porous cellular structure of EFB fibre that created a large volume of voids in the mix. Based on the feasibility evaluation, EFB fibre can only replace up to 15% and 10% of sand in the mixes of 1:2.5 and 1:3 c/s ratios respectively.

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