AN AUDIT OF BREAST BIOPSIES IN BABCOCK UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL ILISHAN REMO, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA, BETWEEN JANUARY 2013 TO AUGUST 2015

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most important tumors affecting women in Nigeria and all over the world, with high morbidity and mortality if detection is delayed or if wrong diagnosis is made. Objectives: This study was carried out to review the histology of all breast biopsies sent to Histopathology Laboratory in Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ilishan, Nigeria. Method: All breast biopsies received from January 2013 to August 2015 were analyzed. Demographic data such as age, sex, and anatomical site of the biopsy were obtained through histology request card and biopsy registers. Result:Atotal of 55 breast samples were received during the period under review, 45 samples (81.8%) were benign lesions, 9 samples (16.4%) malignant lesions and 1 sample (1.8%) was an inflammatory lesion. The age group with the highest occurrence of breast pathology is 10-19 years, which are mostly benign lesions, with 30-39 years age group having the highest occurrence of malignant lesions. Conclusion: The study indicated that most breast lesions occurring in the first three decades of life are benign, while those in the elderly are mostly malignant. We recommend strong awareness campaign to encourage early detection and appropriate management of these lesions.

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Trends in neonatal and post-neonatal tetanus admissions at a Nigerian teaching hospital

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.2105 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 6 (12) ◽

pp. 847-853 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Olusola Adetunji Oyedeji ◽

Francis Fadero ◽

Victor Joel-Medewase ◽

Peter Elemile ◽

Gabriel Ademola Oyedeji

Keyword(s):

Secondary School ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Tetanus Toxoid ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Case Fatality ◽

University Teaching ◽

Neonatal Tetanus ◽

First Year ◽

High Morbidity ◽

School Dropouts

Introduction: Tetanus accounts for high morbidity and case fatality rates in developing countries. This study therefore aimed to identify reasons for the persistence of this disease. Methodology: Paediatric admissions at Ladoke Akintola University Teaching Hospital between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2008 diagnosed with tetanus were studied. Data was analyzed with SPSS 18 and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Of the total 1,681 paediatric admissions, 30 (1.8%) had tetanus. Of the 878 neonatal admissions, 8 (0.9%) had tetanus, while 22 (2.7%) of the total 803 post-neonatal admissions had tetanus. Neonatal tetanus admissions were significantly higher in 2006 compared to 2007 and 2008 (7 [2.3%] versus 1 [0.2%] [χ2= 7.50, P=0.01]). Of the eight mothers whose neonates had tetanus, seven did not receive tetanus toxoids in pregnancy and five (62.5%) were secondary school dropouts. Post-neonatal tetanus cases admitted in the years 2006, 2007, and 2008 were 4, 12, and 6 children respectively. Most of these 22 children did not receive tetanus toxoid immunization in their first year of life. None of the 22 children received booster doses of tetanus toxoids after their first years of life. Conclusion: Mothers at risk of their babies having tetanus, such as secondary school dropouts, must be identified antenatally and vaccinated with tetanus toxiod. Their babies should also receive good care post-delivery. Completion of routine tetanus toxoid schedule in the first year and booster doses in the post-neonatal age should be ensured.

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Adrenal incidentaloma: prevalence and referral patterns from routine practice in a large UK university teaching hospital

Journal of the Endocrine Society ◽

10.1210/jendso/bvab180 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fahmy W F Hanna ◽

Sarah Hancock ◽

Cherian George ◽

Alexander Clark ◽

Julius Sim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Teaching Hospital ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Temporal Trends ◽

Adrenal Incidentaloma ◽

University Teaching ◽

Routine Practice ◽

Anatomical Site ◽

Referral Patterns ◽

Referral Rates ◽

Abdomen Ct

Abstract Context Adrenal incidentalomas are increasingly being identified during unrelated imaging. Unlike AI clinical management, data on referral patterns in routine practice are lacking. Objective To identify factors associated with AI referral Design We linked data from imaging reports and outpatient bookings from a large UK teaching hospital. We examined; (i) AI prevalence and (ii) pattern of referral to endocrinology, stratified by age, imaging modality, scan anatomical site, requesting clinical specialty and temporal trends. Patients Utilising key radiology phrases to identify scans reporting potential AI, we identified 4,097 individuals from 479,945 scan reports (2015-19). Main Outcome Measures Prevalence of AI and referral rates Results Overall, AI lesions were identified in 1.2% of scans. They were more prevalent in abdomen CT and MRI scans (3.0% and 0.6%, respectively). Scans performed increased 7.7% year-on-year from 2015-19, with a more pronounced rise in the number with AI lesions (14.7% pa). Only 394/4097 patients (9.6%) had a documented endocrinology referral code within 90 days, with medical (11.8%) more likely to refer than surgical (7.2%) specialties (p<0.001). Despite prevalence increasing with age, older patients were less likely to be referred (p<0.001). Conclusions While overall AI prevalence appeared low, scan numbers are large and rising; the number with identified AI are increasing still further. The poor AI referral rates, even in centres such as ours where dedicated AI multi-disciplinary team meetings and digital management systems are used, highlights the need for new streamlined, clinically-effective systems and processes to appropriately manage the AI workload.

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A study of gastrointestinal tumors at kathmandu medical college teaching hospital

Journal of Pathology of Nepal ◽

10.3126/jpn.v8i1.19455 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 1285-1288

Author(s):

Sailesh Bahadur Pradhan ◽

Binita Pradhan ◽

Sailuja Maharjan ◽

Prabin Bikram Thapa

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Benign Lesion ◽

Malignant Lesion ◽

College Teaching ◽

Age Group ◽

Benign Lesions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College

Background: Gastrointestinal tract tumour is responsible for more cancers and death than any other cancers. The tumour in GIT include the tumour of the Oral cavity, Esophagus, Stomach, Colon, Rectum, Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas and Biliary tree.Materials and methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among all the gastrointestinal tract tumours specimens received for histopathological examination in between January 2016 to June 2017 in Department of Pathology, Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital. All tumors diagnosed either benign or malignant were included in this study. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee in KMCTH.Results: Colorectum was found to be the most commonly involved site for malignant lesion comprising 40.2% among all malignant lesions followed by stomach comprising 28.6%. Malignancy was found to be more prevalent among male with M:F ratio of 1.6:1 in colorectal region and 1.4:1 in stomach cancers. Regarding benign lesions (polyps), rectum was found to be the commonest site (57.5%), followed by colon (20.0%) and stomach, the least common site.Malignant lesions were more common among the age group of 51-60 years (37.66%) with 70.13% above 50 years. Benign lesions were also found to be the most common above 50 years comprising 40.0 percent.Conclusion: Rectum & colon was found to be the most commonly involved site for both malignant and benign lesion. Malignancy is more prevalent among male and common above 50 years of age. However, malignant cases noted in the adult age group are a matter of great concern.

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Ferritin and transferrin levels of the elderly population at Lagos State university teaching hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria

International Journal of Scientific Reports ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20214492 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 559

Author(s):

Abdulateef O. Kareem ◽

Akinsegun A. Akinbami ◽

Ebele I. Uche ◽

Aishatu M. Suleiman ◽

Rafah A. Bamiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Iron Deficiency ◽

Serum Ferritin ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Blood Count ◽

The Elderly ◽

University Teaching ◽

Full Blood Count ◽

State University ◽

Lagos State ◽

The Mean

Background: The elderly have limited regenerative abilities thus predisposing them to various diseases. Measuring both serum ferritin and transferrin serve as biomarkers of iron deficiency. This study, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) determined the serum levels of ferritin and transferrin in the elderly. Full blood count was also done and correlated with serum ferritin and transferrin levels of every participant.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study at the Geriatric Clinic of Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH). Following receipt of written consents from ninety (90) elderly participants, venous samples were drawn for full blood count (FBC) and samples for serum ferritin and transferrin ELISA assay collected and stored at -40oC until the required sample size was obtained. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, Inc., Chicago, Ill). The Pearson chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. P value was considered to be statistically significant when <0.05. Results: Participants consisted of 50 (55.6%) females and 40 (44.4%) males. The mean age of all participants was 71.31±7.38 years. The Majority, 90% (36 of 40) of the males had haemoglobin values lower than 13 gm/dl, while 66% (33 of 50) of females had haemoglobin values lower than 12 gm/dl. The mean ferritin concentration of all participants was 196.19 ±121.21ng/ml. The overall mean serum transferrin was 0.187±0.157 ng/ml with a minimum of 0.03 ng/ml and a maximum of 1.18 ng/ml.Conclusions: Anaemia in the elderly is very common using the World Health Organization (WHO) haemoglobin cut-off values, however, iron deficiency anaemia prevalence is low.

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Factors Influencing Perception of Labor Pain among Parturient Women at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital

Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology ◽

10.3126/njog.v8i1.8857 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 26-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Isha Shrestha ◽

N Pradhan ◽

J Sharma

Keyword(s):

Teaching Hospital ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Labor Pain ◽

University Teaching ◽

Cervical Dilatation ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Primary Level ◽

Uterine Contractions ◽

Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽

Active Labor

Aims: This study was done to understand the severity of labor pain in parturients of Kathmandu and to determine factors affecting it. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH), Kathmandu, Nepal where 300 term parturientsin active labor (cervical dilatation of 3-5 cm with three uterine contractions in 10 minutes each lasting for ≥ 30 seconds) were analysed for socio-demographic data, clinical profile and pain assessment.Visual analog scale was used for pain assessment. Results: The intensity of labor pain was graded as severe by 32%, moderateby 57% and mild by 11% of parturients.Almost half ofthe parturients in the age group of ≤19years described labor pain as severe as compared to women between 20-34years (30.4%) and ≥35years (20%). Among the nulliparous parturients, 37% described it as severe compared to only 20.7% in≥Para1.In those with≥higher secondary leveleducation, 35.9% described labor pain as severe as compared to those women who had education of ≤primary level(26.9%) and upto secondary level (27.1%). Labor pain was seen to be more severe in advanced labor withmore than half describingit as severe when the cervix was dilated to 5 cm, as compared to only 25.9% and 29.4% of the parturients at 3 and 4cm cervical dilatation respectively. Conclusions: This study concluded that the labor pain was moderate to severe for majority of the parturients.Adolescents, nullipara, patients with higher education and those in advanced laborwere more likely to perceive labor pain of higher intensity. Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology / Vol 8 / No. 1 / Issue 15 / Jan- June, 2013 / 26-30 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v8i1.8857

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Mortality of tetanus at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

Tropical Doctor ◽

10.1258/0049475054620806 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 178-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

F I Ojini ◽

M A Danesi

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Case Fatality Rate ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Developed Countries ◽

University Teaching ◽

Age Group ◽

Fatality Rate ◽

Medical Wards

Records of 349 tetanus patients, aged 10 years and above, admitted to the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria, between 1990 and 1999 were reviewed. The male:female ratio was 1.98:1, and the ages were between 10 and 88 years, with a mean age of 29.8 years. The overall case fatality rate (CFR) of tetanus was 36.96% (33.19% for men and 44.44% for women). The CFR is similar to that previously reported in the hospital, but higher than that reported from Europe and North America. The lowest CFR was in the 10-19-year age group, and there was a trend towards increasing CFR with increasing age. Tetanus patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) had a significantly higher CFR than those in the medical wards. Unlike in developed countries, where management of tetanus in ICU has resulted in a decrease in CFR, the CFR of tetanus at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital has not significantly reduced over the years.

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Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in a Teaching Hospital in Hong Kong: Descriptive Study Using the Utstein Style

Hong Kong Journal of Emergency Medicine ◽

10.1177/102490790501200304 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 148-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

AKC Wai ◽

P Cameron ◽

CK Cheung ◽

P Mak ◽

TH Rainer

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Arrest ◽

Hong Kong ◽

Hospital Discharge ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Discharge Rate ◽

Demographic Data ◽

University Teaching ◽

Time Interval ◽

Utstein Style ◽

Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Objective To describe, using the Utstein template, the characteristics of patients presenting with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest to a university teaching hospital in the New Territories of Hong Kong, and to evaluate survival. Design Prospective study. Setting The emergency department of a teaching hospital in the New Territories, Hong Kong. Participants Patients older than 12 years with non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest who were transported to the hospital between 1 July 2002 and 31 December 2002. Main outcome measures Demographic data, characteristics of cardiac arrest and response time intervals of the emergency medical service presented according to the Utstein style, and also survival to hospital discharge rate. Results A total of 124 patients were included (49.2% male; mean age 71.9 years). The majority of cardiac arrests occurred in patients' home. The overall bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) rate was 15.3% (19/124). The most common electrocardiographic rhythm at scene was asystole, whilst pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT)/ventricular fibrillation (VF) was found in 18.0%. The overall survival was 0.8% (1/124), and survival to hospital discharge was significantly higher for patients with VF or pulseless VT than those patients with other rhythms of cardiac arrest (11.1% versus 0%). The median witnessed/recognised collapse to defibrillation time was 14 minutes. The median prehospital time interval from collapse/recognition to arrival at hospital was 33 minutes. Conclusion The prognosis of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Hong Kong was poor. Major improvements in every component of the chain of survival are necessary.

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Immunohistochemical Expression of p63 in Benign and Malignant Breast Lesions

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/48358.15526 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Abhishek Saini ◽

Swaran Kaur Saluja ◽

MK Garg ◽

Deepti Agarwal ◽

Amrita Kulhria ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Myoepithelial Cells ◽

Normal Breast ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Breast Lesions ◽

Benign Lesions ◽

Medical College ◽

Malignant Breast ◽

Malignant Lesions

Introduction: Breast carcinoma demands attention as it causes high morbidity and mortality. It is important to recognise benign lesions to distinguish them from in situ and invasive breast cancer and to assess a patient’s risk of developing breast cancer, so that the most appropriate treatment modality for each case can be established. The p63 has been characterised as a reliable marker of myoepithelial cells of lactiferous duct. It is exclusively expressed in myoepithelial cells of normal breast tissue. Hence, p63 can be of great help in the differential diagnosis involving benign lesions. Also, p63 may aid in distinguishing benign from malignant lesions. Aim: To study the Immunohistochemistry (IHC) expression of p63 in benign and malignant breast lesions. Materials and Methods: The prospective study was conducted on 76 breast specimens for a period of one year, from 1st December 2018 to 30th November 2019 in the Department of Pathology, Bhagat Phool Singh, Government Medical College for Women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana, India. IHC assessment for p63 nuclear protein was performed. The intensity of p63 expression was evaluated as continuous positive, discontinuous positive and negative. The extent was scored on the basis of percentage of positive cells and assigned a score of negative (0%), 1 (<25%), 2 (26-90%) and 3 (91-100%). Results: Out of 76 cases, 38 cases were diagnosed as benign and 38 cases as malignant. IHC staining with p63 showed nuclear positivity in all benign lesions. Among malignant lesions, four were positive and 34 were negative. Conclusion: According to the above results, p63 is a very useful IHC marker in diagnosing difficult cases, cases of carcinoma in situ, borderline cases and cases with inconclusive histomorphological diagnosis.

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Missed diagnosis of schistosomiasis leading to unnecessary surgical procedures in Jos University Teaching Hospital

Tropical Doctor ◽

10.1258/0049475054037011 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 96-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Barnabas M Mandong ◽

Aboi JK Madaki

Keyword(s):

Teaching Hospital ◽

Surgical Procedures ◽

Radical Surgery ◽

University Teaching ◽

Missed Diagnosis ◽

Malignant Lesions ◽

Endemic Areas

Twelve cases of radical surgery were carried out on patients with schistosoma granuloma mistaken for malignant lesions. Such radical procedures could have been averted if pre-operative biopsies were done. Therefore, there is a need for clinicians practising in schistosoma endemic areas to routinely carry out pre-operative biopsy to minimize missed diagnosis of schistosomiasis.

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Bone marrow aspiration cytology in Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi State, Nigeria: Indications and diagnostic utility

Annals of African Medical Research ◽

10.4081/aamr.2019.72 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rufai Abdu Dachi ◽

Falmata Grema Mustapha ◽

Saleh Yuguda ◽

Modu Baba Kagu ◽

Ali Adamu Gwaram ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Megaloblastic Anemia ◽

Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽

University Teaching ◽

Anatomical Site ◽

Diagnostic Utility ◽

Monitoring Tool ◽

Aspiration Cytology ◽

Hematological Diseases

Bone Marrow Aspiration (BMA) cytology is an important diagnostic and monitoring tool where cytological details of the marrow elements are examined using light microscopy. Various hematological diseases are diagnosed and monitored by using BMA. This study aimed at reporting a 3-year BMA experience of Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital (ATBUTH) Bauchi. This was a retrospective study that involved the use of records of the bone marrow aspirates done from January 1st, 2016 to December 31st, 2018. The age, sex, indications for BMA, anatomical site and final bone marrow diagnosis were collated. The data was analyzed using SPSS Version 23.0 software. One hundred and three (103) bone marrow aspirations were performed during the period under review. Two third of the participants were males, with the median age of 40.0 years and a range of 5 months to 92 years. The commonest indication for BMA was recurrent anemia 45.6%, followed by splenomegaly, fever and lymphadenopathy with 11.7% each. While, the commonest diagnosis by BMA was megaloblastic anemia (28.2%). Mixed nutritional deficiency and Bone Marrow (BM) metastasis are the commoner BMA diagnoses with 12.6% each. Recurrent anemia is the commonest indication for BMA and nutritional anemias (megaloblastic and combined nutrients deficiency) are the commonest BMA diagnoses in Bauchi. Proper evaluation of patients by the clinicians before referral is recommended to ensure that only those that really need the procedure are subjected to it.

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