Multifunctional Bracelet for Blood Oxygen Monitoring Based on STM32

Flexible optoelectronics based on inorganic functional components have attracted worldwide attention due to their inherent advantages. However, the power supply problem presents a significant obstacle to the commercialization of wearable optoelectronics. Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) technology has the potential to realize self-powered applications compared to the conventional charging technologies. Herein, a flexible self-powered blood oxygen monitoring system based on TENG was first demonstrated. The flexibility of the TENG is mainly due to the inherent properties of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and the continuously undulating surface of crumpled gold (Au) and the rough surface on the electrode and PDMS effectively increased the output performance. The output voltage, output current density, and power density were 75.3 V, 7.4 μA, and 0.2 mW/cm2, respectively. By etching the sacrificial layer, we then derived a flexible blood oxygen and pulse detector without any obvious performance degradation. Powered by the TENG, the detector is mounted onto the thumbnail, from where it detects a stable photoplethysmography (PPG) signal which can be used to calculate the oxyhemoglobin saturation and pulse rate. This self-powered system provides a new way to sustainably monitor physiological parameters, which paves the way for development of wearable electronics and battery-free systems.

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Low cost ceramic sensors for biomedical use: a revolution in transcutaneous blood oxygen monitoring?

Sensors and Actuators B Chemical ◽

10.1016/0925-4005(94)87078-0 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 18 (1-3) ◽

pp. 171-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gábor Harsányi ◽

István Péteri ◽

István Deák

Keyword(s):

Low Cost ◽

Blood Oxygen ◽

Oxygen Monitoring

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Blood Oxygen Monitoring Cloud Platform based on the Attribute Theory College of Information Engineering

2012 IEEE International Conference on Granular Computing ◽

10.1109/grc.2012.6468703 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

MK Zheng ◽

Jia-li Feng

Keyword(s):

Blood Oxygen ◽

Cloud Platform ◽

Information Engineering ◽

Oxygen Monitoring

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SpO2 Detecting Applied on Android Platform

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.303-306.659 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 303-306 ◽

pp. 659-662

Author(s):

Zhong Shun Hu ◽

Shu Yu Li ◽

De Yu Li

Keyword(s):

Low Cost ◽

Condition Index ◽

Pulse Frequency ◽

Blood Oxygen ◽

Application Development ◽

Software Application ◽

Daily Monitoring ◽

Sensor Module ◽

Android Platform ◽

Oxygen Monitoring

In this paper, we put forward a design of oxygenation sensor module, along with a software application development running on Android operation system to combine the sensor module with the Android terminal. A practicable system for blood oxygen monitoring is developed. This system contains two major parts. The first part is the design of oxygenation sensor module. Algorithms about dark current removing and pulse frequency extraction are discussed. Moreover, module calibration is conducted, which is then used to compare the precision of linear and quadratic equations for SpO2 computation. The second part is about the oxygenation monitoring software design and development based on Android platform. The general protocol Blood Condition Index (BCI) transport protocol in hospital monitor is studied and applied. Test results demonstrate the effectiveness of using SpO2 sensor module for blood oxygen measurement. Since ASubscript textSubscript textndroid has a high penetration in our daily life, this work will provide a useful tool for convenient and low cost daily monitoring of SpO2 at home.

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The biochemistry of drugs and doping methods used to enhance aerobic sport performance

Essays in Biochemistry ◽

10.1042/bse0440063 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 63-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Chris E. Cooper

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Uptake ◽

Oxygen Content ◽

Oxygen Delivery ◽

Sport Performance ◽

Blood Substitutes ◽

Altitude Training ◽

Blood Oxygen ◽

Oxygen Carriers ◽

Sports Performance ◽

Blood Doping

Optimum performance in aerobic sports performance requires an efficient delivery to, and consumption of, oxygen by the exercising muscle. It is probable that maximal oxygen uptake in the athlete is multifactorial, being shared between cardiac output, blood oxygen content, muscle blood flow, oxygen diffusion from the blood to the cell and mitochondrial content. Of these, raising the blood oxygen content by raising the haematocrit is the simplest acute method to increase oxygen delivery and improve sport performance. Legal means of raising haematocrit include altitude training and hypoxic tents. Illegal means include blood doping and the administration of EPO (erythropoietin). The ability to make EPO by genetic means has resulted in an increase in its availability and use, although it is probable that recent testing methods may have had some impact. Less widely used illegal methods include the use of artificial blood oxygen carriers (the so-called ‘blood substitutes’). In principle these molecules could enhance aerobic sports performance; however, they would be readily detectable in urine and blood tests. An alternative to increasing the blood oxygen content is to increase the amount of oxygen that haemoglobin can deliver. It is possible to do this by using compounds that right-shift the haemoglobin dissociation curve (e.g. RSR13). There is a compromise between improving oxygen delivery at the muscle and losing oxygen uptake at the lung and it is unclear whether these reagents would enhance the performance of elite athletes. However, given the proven success of blood doping and EPO, attempts to manipulate these pathways are likely to lead to an ongoing battle between the athlete and the drug testers.

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