scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE EXAMINATION OF LANGUAGE ECOLOGY AND LANGUAGE POLICY IN POST-SOVIET CENTRAL ASIA

Al-Farabi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 114-131
Author(s):  
W. Fierman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Union Republic ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Language Ecology ◽  
Soviet Central Asia ◽  
Building Project ◽  
Comparative Examination

In the late Soviet era, the domains of use of languages were largely a function of ethnic groups’ status in the Soviet administrative hierarchy. Russian was at the top; below it were the eponymous languages of the non-Russian 14 “Union Republics;” all other languages were used in relatively narrow sets of domains. The “Union Republic languages” included five in Central Asia-- Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tajik, Turkmen, and Uzbek. These languages’ use in fewer domains than most other Union Republic languages profoundly affected their expansion into new domains after 1991. Two other factors affecting this primarily rooted in the Soviet era were the ethnic composition of the republics upon the USSR’s collapse and their populations’ language repertoires. In addition to these “Soviet heritage factors,” language policy and ecology have also been shaped by each country’s nation building project, its international orientation, the nature of its political system, and its economic resources. Russian today remains more widely used in high prestige domains in Central Asia than in all other former Soviet republics except Belarus. However, Russian is less used in a wide variety of domains in Central Asia than it is in “autonomous” units of the former RSFSR.

Republics of Soviet Central Asia

1946 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 169-172
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Steiger
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Soviet Central Asia

The Politburo’s Policy in Central Asia (1982–1991) [Politika Politbyuro CK KPSS v Central'noj Azii (1982–1991 gg.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.М. Исхаков
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Central Committee ◽  
Spiritual Life ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
The Real ◽  
Soviet Central Asia

Статья посвящена Политике Политбюро ЦК КПСС в отношении населения советской Центральной Азии в последнее десятилетие существования Советского Союза. Методологическая и теоретическая неразбериха, эклектика, откровенный субъективизм, скрытый догматизм стали характерными чертами современной историографии, которая уводит все дальше от реального исторического процесса, который происходил тогда в этом регионе под влиянием различных факторов. Характеризуется экономика и уровень жизни населения этого региона в канун перестройки, перспективы Центральной Азии, духовная жизнь, национальное самосознание, замыслы Ю.А. Андропова, действия М.С. Горбачева и республиканских руководителей в условиях начавшейся перестройки, сильные противоречия в высшей партийной номенклатуре. The article is dedicated to the Central Committee Politburo’s policy towards the population of Soviet Central Asia in the last decade of the U.S.S.R.’s existence. The methodological and theoretic chaos, eclecticism, open subjectivism, and concealed dogmatism became characteristic traits of contemporary historiography, which leads us farther and farther away from the real historic process that took place in the region, unraveling under certain factors. The article characterizes the region’s economy and the population’s level of life at the dawn of the Perestroika, Central Asia’s perspectives, its spiritual life, national self-awareness, Y. Andropov’s plans, M. Gorbachev’s and the republican leaderships’ actions during the Perestroika, as well as the strong inner contention in the Communist Party’s top nomenclature.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eren Tasar
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Soviet Society ◽  
Church State Relations ◽  
Soviet Central Asia ◽  
State Relations ◽  
Previous Scholarship

This introduction describes the main arguments and historiographical interventions undertaken in the present work. The majority of previous scholarship on Islam in Soviet Central Asia has treated the Communist anti-religious campaigns of the 1920s and 1930s as representative of the entire Soviet period. By contrast, this book argues that Stalin’s normalization of church-state relations in 1943–1944 allowed a permanent space for Islam to exist in Soviet society. This space rapidly became the site of an accommodation between Islam and Communism for many Central Asians. The introduction concludes with a discussion of the advantages and limitations of the sources employed throughout the book.

Tolerance and Control. Developing a language policy for an EMI university in Uzbekistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-237
Author(s):  
Andrew Linn ◽  
Anastasiya Bezborodova ◽  
Saida Radjabzade
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Language Policy ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Language Ecology ◽  
English Only ◽  
English Medium Instruction ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control

AbstractThis article presents a practical project to develop a language policy for an English-Medium-Instruction university in Uzbekistan. Although the university is de facto English-only, it presents a complex language ecology, which in turn has led to confusion and disagreement about language use on campus. The project team investigated the experience, views and attitudes of over a thousand people, including faculty, students, administrative and maintenance staff, in order to arrive at a proposed policy which would serve the whole community, based on the principle of tolerance and pragmatism. After outlining the relevant language and educational context and setting out the methods and approach of the underpinning research project, the article goes on to present the key findings. One of the striking findings was an appetite for control and regulation of language behaviours. Language policies in Higher Education invariably fall down at the implementation stage because of a lack of will to follow through on their principles and their specific guidelines. Language policy in international business on the other hand is characterised by a control stage invariably lacking in language planning in education. Uzbekistan is a polity used to control measures following from policy implementation. The article concludes by suggesting that Higher Education in Central Asia may stand a better chance of seeing through language policies around English-Medium Instruction than, for example, in northern Europe, based on the tension between tolerance on the one hand and control on the other.

Recollections of emerging hybrid ethnic identities in Soviet Central Asia: the case of Uzbekistan

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1026-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timur Dadabaev
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Adaptive Strategies ◽  
Ethnic Identities ◽  
Social Spaces ◽  
Soviet Central Asia ◽  
Ethnic Policy ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Do So

This paper is a contribution to the debate about how people in Central Asia recall Soviet ethnic policies and their vision of how these policies have shaped the identities of their peers and contemporaries. In order to do so, this paper utilizes the outcomes of in-depth interviews about everyday Soviet life in Uzbekistan conducted with 75 senior citizens between 2006 and 2009. These narratives demonstrate that people do not explain Soviet ethnic policies simply through the “modernization” or “victimization” dichotomy but place their experiences in between these discourses. Their recollections also highlight the pragmatic flexibility of the public's adaptive strategies to Soviet ethnic policies. This paper also argues that Soviet ethnic policy produced complicated hybrid units of identities and multiple social strata. Among those who succeeded in adapting to the Soviet realities, a new group emerged, known asRussi assimilados(Russian-speaking Sovietophiles). However, in everyday life, relations between theassimiladosand their “indigenous” or “nativist” countrymen are reported to have been complicated, with clear divisions between these two groups and separate social spaces of their own for each of these strata.

Social Change in Soviet Central Asia

1980 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
K. K. Das Gupta ◽  
R. R. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Soviet Central Asia
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