scholarly journals Présentation atypique de la trichotillomanie : un cas clinique avec revue de la littérature

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-184
Author(s):  
Fayçal Walid Ikhlef ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Behavioral Issues ◽  
Cultural Variations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cas Clinique ◽  
Attitudes Toward Mental Illness ◽  
Elevated Rate

Trichotillomania is a chronic mental illness with an elevated rate of psychiatric comorbidities. Patients with Trichotillomania often have a low insight putting them at risk for serious health problems such as depression, social dysfunction, body damage, malnutrition, even death in severe cases if untreated. Not all patients have access to health care, most of them live in difficult environments with different cultural variations and attitudes toward mental illness making them more vulnerable. The literature suggests that there is a variety of psychotherapies and medications that may help in managing Trichotillomania. The present case is of a woman with no prior history of mental illness, who was brought by her father for behavioral issues. During her evaluation we observed various symptoms associated with different pathologies, exemplifying the difficulties to diagnose individuals with Trichotillomania and to prepare a treatment plan for them

General medical disorders with psychiatric implications

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik J. Garcia ◽  
Warren J. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Medical Disorders ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Traditionally the domain of consultation/ liaison psychiatry, the challenge of recognizing and then appropriately treating the psychiatric complications of general medical disorders requires thoughtful planning and attention in corrections. Medical conditions that have psychiatric symptoms represent a significant diagnostic dilemma, particularly in the correctional health setting. Over half of the inmates in the United States have symptoms of a major mental illness, but the pervasiveness of substance use disorders, the increasing prevalence of elderly inmates, and limited access to a patient’s past medical and psychiatric records all contribute to the challenge of discerning when a psychiatric presentation results from an underlying medical condition. One early study underscored this challenge, noting that 46% of the patients admitted to community psychiatric wards had an unrecognized medical illness that either caused or exacerbated their psychiatric illness. A more recent study observed that 2.8% of admissions to inpatient psychiatry were due to unrecognized medical conditions. Emergency room medical clearance of patients presenting for psychiatric admission has revealed an increased risk for such underlying medical conditions among patients with any of five characteristics: elderly, a history of substance abuse, no prior history of mental illness, lower socioeconomic status, or significant preexisting medical illnesses. This chapter examines several of these risk groups and focuses on the presenting symptoms of delirium, mood disorders, and psychosis and the underlying medical conditions that can mimic or exacerbate them.

scholarly journals Surgical Management of Keratoconus in a Young Adult with Cognitive and Behavioral Disability

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
W. Walker Motley ◽  
Patricia I. Cobb ◽  
W. Walker Motley
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Behavioural Treatment ◽  
Behavioral Issues ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
History Of ◽  
Corneal Collagen Crosslinking ◽  
Behavioral Disability

Case Presentation: A 25-year-old man with cognitive impairment (CI) and behavioral issues presented for corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) surgical management of progressive keratoconus. Results: The conventional CXL technique was modified to avoid complications due to potential postoperative behavioral issues. Conclusions: Significant post-operative pain and aggressive behaviour can occur following epi-on CXL. Aggressive behaviour can result in significant complications in relatively low-risk eye surgery. Preoperatively, it is appropriate to devise a multifaceted surgical, medical and behavioural treatment plan including psychotropic if needed in patients with history of cognitive impairment and aggressive behaviour.

General medical disorders with psychiatric implications

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik J. Garcia ◽  
Warren J. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Medical Disorders ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Traditionally the domain of consultation/ liaison psychiatry, the challenge of recognizing and then appropriately treating the psychiatric complications of general medical disorders requires thoughtful planning and attention in corrections. Medical conditions that have psychiatric symptoms represent a significant diagnostic dilemma, particularly in the correctional health setting. Over half of the inmates in the United States have symptoms of a major mental illness, but the pervasiveness of substance use disorders, the increasing prevalence of elderly inmates, and limited access to a patient’s past medical and psychiatric records all contribute to the challenge of discerning when a psychiatric presentation results from an underlying medical condition. One early study underscored this challenge, noting that 46% of the patients admitted to community psychiatric wards had an unrecognized medical illness that either caused or exacerbated their psychiatric illness. A more recent study observed that 2.8% of admissions to inpatient psychiatry were due to unrecognized medical conditions. Emergency room medical clearance of patients presenting for psychiatric admission has revealed an increased risk for such underlying medical conditions among patients with any of five characteristics: elderly, a history of substance abuse, no prior history of mental illness, lower socioeconomic status, or significant preexisting medical illnesses. This chapter examines several of these risk groups and focuses on the presenting symptoms of delirium, mood disorders, and psychosis and the underlying medical conditions that can mimic or exacerbate them.

scholarly journals O8.6. RISK OF HOMELESSNESS AFTER DISCHARGE FROM PSYCHIATRIC WARDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S20-S20
Author(s):  
Sandra Nilsson ◽  
Thomas Munk Laursen ◽  
Carsten Hjorthøj ◽  
Merete Nordentoft
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Important Predictor ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background Homelessness is an increasing societal problem in most high-income countries and often linked to mental illness and substance use disorders. However, there are few high-quality studies examining the risk of homelessness following discharge from in-patient psychiatric treatment. such information might be used as documentation for the need of structural changes to prevent homelessness in people with severe mental illness. We aimed to analyse the absolute and relative risk of homelessness following discharge from psychiatric wards in Denmark in the period from 2001 to 2015 and to identify high-risk diagnostic groups. Methods We did a nationwide, register-based cohort study including people aged 18+ years discharged from psychiatric wards in Denmark between 1 January 2001 and 31 December 2015. We analysed associations between psychiatric diagnoses and the risk of homelessness using survival analysis. Results A total of 126,848 psychiatric in-patients were included accounting for 94,835 person-years. The incidence of homelessness one year following discharge was 28.18 (95% CI 26.69–29.75) and 9.27 (95% CI 8.45–10.16) per 1000 person-years at risk in men and women, respectively. The one-year cumulative probability of first homelessness after discharge from psychiatric wards with a schizophrenia disorder was 1.54% (95% CI 1.25–1.88) in males and 0.60% (95% CI 0.40–0.87) in females. Substance use disorders increased the risk of homelessness after discharge with adjusted incidence rate ratios of 6.60 (95% CI 5.19–8.40) (men) and 13.06 (95% CI 9.31–18.33) (women), compared with depressive disorders. Schizophrenia increased the risk of homelessness after discharge by 1.91 (95% CI 1.29–2.83) and by 2.53 (95% CI 1.41–4.54) in men and women, respectively, also compared with depressive disorders. Prior history of homelessness was an important predictor for homelessness following discharge. Discussion The first year following discharge from psychiatric wards is a high-risk period of homelessness, especially when having a substance use disorder or a prior history of homeless shelter contact. Schizophrenia was also an important predictor of homelessness. Improved efforts to prevent homelessness are needed.

Case Exercise: Toxic Exposure-Related Illness: Causation, Diagnosis, and Permanent Impairment

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
Frederick Fung
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Level ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Toxic Exposure ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Specialty Board ◽  
History Of ◽  
Subjective Complaints ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Illness Causation ◽  
Rule Out

Abstract A diagnosis of toxic-related injury/illness requires a consideration of the illness related to the toxic exposure, including diagnosis, causation, and permanent impairment; these are best performed by a physician who is certified by a specialty board certified by the American Board of Preventive Medicine. The patient must have a history of symptoms consistent with the exposure and disease at issue. In order to diagnose the presence of a specific disease, the examiner must find subjective complaints that are consistent with the objective findings, and both the subjective complaints and objective findings must be consistent with the disease that is postulated. Exposure to a specific potentially causative agent at a defined concentration level must be documented and must be sufficient to induce a particular pathology in order to establish a diagnosis. Differential diagnoses must be entertained in order to rule out other potential causes, including psychological etiology. Furthermore, the identified exposure at the defined concentration level must be capable of causing the diagnosis being postulated before the examiner can conclude that there has been a cause-and-effect relationship between the exposure and the disease (dose-response relationship). The evaluator's opinion should make biological and epidemiological sense. The treatment plan and prognosis should be consistent with evidence-based medicine, and the rating of impairment must be based on objective findings in involved systems.

Correctional Officers and Attitudes Toward Mental Illness

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley L. Langeliers ◽  
Shiva Amin ◽  
Siobhan K. O'Toole
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Correctional Officers ◽  
Attitudes Toward Mental Illness
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