scholarly journals Depth perception of stereokinetic cone and absolute distance information

1995 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-145
Author(s):  
SACHIO NAKAMIZO ◽  
MICHIAKI KONDO
Keyword(s):  
Depth Perception ◽  
Absolute Distance ◽  
Distance Information

A New System of High-Precision Absolute Laser Interferometer Distance Measurement

2013 ◽  
Vol 380-384 ◽  
pp. 769-772
Author(s):  
Chen Yang Zhang ◽  
Bing Li
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Interferometer ◽  
Laser Interferometry ◽  
Distance Measurement ◽  
Absolute Distance ◽  
Distance Information ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Interference Fringes ◽  
New System

With the improvement of precision in various fields, we present a new method for the measurement of the absolute distance of a remote target based on the laser interferometry technique. In this paper, we obtain the interference fringes change information (the distance information) with the help of laser scanning with different frequency. It does not require the target to move in the direction of measurement. We have done experiments to compare this new methods results with the results of RENISHAW interferometer. Its improved that the accuracy of distance measurement is 10-4~10-5 relatively.

scholarly journals Do We See Scale?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Linton
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Angular Size ◽  
Absolute Distance ◽  
Familiar Size ◽  
Effective Distance ◽  
Distance Information ◽  
Vertical Disparity ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
The Cost

The visual system is supposed to extract distance information from the environment in order to scale the size and distance of objects in the visual scene. The purpose of this article is to challenge this account in three stages: First, I identify three shortcomings of the literature on vergence as our primary cue to near distances. Second, I present the results from two experiments that control for these shortcomings, but at the cost of eradicating vergence and accommodation as effective distance cues (average gain of y = 0.161x + 38.64). Third, I argue that if all our cues to distance are either (a) ineffective (vergence; accommodation; motion parallax), (b) merely relative (angular size; diplopia), or (c) merely cognitive (familiar size; vertical disparity), then the visual system does not appear to extract absolute distance information, and we should be open to the possibility that vision functions without scale.

scholarly journals Biosonar spatial resolution along the distance axis: revisiting the clutter interference zone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Wagenhäuser ◽  
Lutz Wiegrebe ◽  
A. Leonie Baier
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Absolute Distance ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Distance Information ◽  
Object Distance ◽  
Reference Distance ◽  
Summary Statement ◽  
Phyllostomus Discolor

AbstractUnlike all other remote senses like vision or hearing, echolocation allows estimating the distance of an object. Not only have echolocating bats and toothed whales been shown to measure distance by echolocation extremely precisely, distance information is even topographically represented by a neuro-computational map in bats’ auditory cortex. This topographic representation and the corresponding tuning of cortical cells to object distance suggests the bats may be able to perceptually resolve multiple, simultaneously present objects along the distance axis. Here we use a novel psychophysical paradigm with complex phantom targets to quantity spatial resolution along the distance axis in the echolocating bat Phyllostomus discolor. We show that our bats can indeed perceptually resolve objects along the distance axis when they are separated by about 40 cm (around a reference distance of 108 cm) along the distance axis. These results are well comparable to earlier work on bats’ clutter interference zone (Simmons et al., 1988) and confirm those results with a more robust psychophysical paradigm.Summary statementEcholocating bats perceive absolute distance to objects by measuring the time delay between call and echo. In addition, they possess spatial resolution along the distance axis.

Size–Distance Scaling With Absolute and Relative Auditory Distance Information

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-126
Author(s):  
Daiki Yamasaki ◽  
Hiroshi Ashida
Keyword(s):  
Size Perception ◽  
Relative Distance ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Absolute Distance ◽  
Distance Information ◽  
Auditory Distance ◽  
3D Space ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Sound Sequence ◽  
Visual Size

Abstract In the dynamic 3D space, it is critical for survival to perceive size of an object and rescale it with distance from an observer. Humans can perceive distance via not only vision but also audition, which plays an important role in the localization of objects, especially in visually ambiguous environments. However, whether and how auditory distance information contributes to visual size perception is not well understood. To address this issue, we investigated the efficiency of size–distance scaling by using auditory distance information that was conveyed by binaurally recorded auditory stimuli. We examined the effects of absolute distance information of a single sound sequence (Experiment 1) and relative distance information between two sound sequences (Experiment 2) on visual size estimation performances in darkened and well-lit environments. We demonstrated that humans could perform size–distance disambiguation by using auditory distance information even in darkness. Curiously, relative distance information was more efficient in size–distance scaling than absolute distance information, suggesting a high reliance on relative auditory distance information in our visual spatial experiences. The results highlight a benefit of audiovisual interaction for size–distance processing and calibration of external events under visually degraded situations.

Relative Distance Cues and Perceived Size

1968 ◽  
Vol 27 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1335-1339
Author(s):  
William P. Mc Dermott
Keyword(s):  
Previous Investigation ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Size Perception ◽  
Relative Distance ◽  
Absolute Distance ◽  
Distance Information ◽  
Standard Object ◽  
Comparison Field

In a previous investigation (McDermott, 1965) individual cues to distance were found to have little effect on size perception. An explanation of these findings was sought by investigating (1) the effect of differences in distance information in the standard and comparison fields and (2) testing the effect of relative distance cues on the perception of size. Size judgments of a standard object were made under two comparison field conditions, with only relative distance cues present and with only absolute distance cues present. The results of this experiment were essentially the same as those in the earlier work.

scholarly journals Depth scaling in phantom and monocular gap stereograms using absolute distance information

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (25) ◽  
pp. 4206-4216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiichiro Kuroki ◽  
Sachio Nakamizo
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Distance ◽  
Distance Information

Three-dimensional image analysis and visualization in confocal light microscopy

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 158-159
Author(s):  
J. K. Samarabandu ◽  
R. Acharya ◽  
D. R. Pareddy ◽  
P. C. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Depth Perception ◽  
Computer Graphic ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cellular Organization ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Computational Burden ◽  
Interactive Operation ◽  
Cell Organization ◽  
Confocal Images ◽  
3D Digitization

In the study of cell organization in a maize meristem, direct viewing of confocal optical sections in 3D (by means of 3D projection of the volumetric data set, Figure 1) becomes very difficult and confusing because of the large number of nucleus involved. Numerical description of the cellular organization (e.g. position, size and orientation of each structure) and computer graphic presentation are some of the solutions to effectively study the structure of such a complex system. An attempt at data-reduction by means of manually contouring cell nucleus in 3D was reported (Summers et al., 1990). Apart from being labour intensive, this 3D digitization technique suffers from the inaccuracies of manual 3D tracing related to the depth perception of the operator. However, it does demonstrate that reducing stack of confocal images to a 3D graphic representation helps to visualize and analyze complex tissues (Figure 2). This procedure also significantly reduce computational burden in an interactive operation.

Spatial Terms Convey Distance Information

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric S. Covey ◽  
Laura A. Carlson-Radvansky
Keyword(s):  
Distance Information ◽  
Spatial Terms
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