scholarly journals Comparison of Placido, Scheimpflug and Combined Dual Scheimpflug-Placido Technologies in Evaluating Anterior and Posterior CLMI, SimK's as well as Kmax, in Keratoconic and Postrefractive Surgery Ectasia

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas F Mauger ◽  
Ashraf M Mahmoud ◽  
Cynthia J Roberts ◽  
Lena V Chheda ◽  
Rebecca A Kuennen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Ohio State University ◽  
State University ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Financial Interests ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Ohio State University ◽  
Map Data ◽  
Post Hoc

ABSTRACT Purpose To calculate and compare cone location and magnitude index (CLMI), Kmax and other corneal measures derived from three different technologies, Placido, Scheimpflug, and a combination dual Scheimpflug-Placido device, from the same group of eyes with keratoconus and postrefractive surgery corneal ectasia. Methods Keratoconus (n = 26) eyes of (n = 19) subjects and postrefractive surgery ectasia (n = 5) eyes of (n = 5) subjects were selected to have measurements performed using the Keratron Scout, Pentacam HR and Galilei Dual Scheimpflug Analyzer. Device-generated SimK's and device-specific CLMI and Kmax indices as well as map data, were exported from each device. Index values for multiple exams were averaged. The map data were processed using The Ohio State University Corneal Topography Tool (OSUCTT) to calculate CLMI parameters, Kmax and SimK values using consistent algorithms on all three devices. Maps were averaged before calculation for multiple examinations. Repeated measures analysis of variance and post- hoc analysis were used to identify differences between devices. Results The anterior axial CLMI calculated from the Keratron data was significantly higher than CLMI for the Galilei (p = 0.0443) or Pentacam (p < 0.0004) with keratoconus, 12.23 compared with 11.20 and 11.00 diopters, respectively. Kmax was also significantly higher in the Keratron than the Galilei (p = 0.0063) or the Pentacam (p < 0.0002). Galilei and Pentacam were not significantly different from each other in either CLMI (p = 0.6287) or Kmax (p = 0.2115). The anterior CLMI values for the postrefractive surgery ectasia eyes were not significantly different between devices. Posterior CLMI values were calculated from the Galilei and Pentacam data and were −2.60 and −2.46 diopters (p = 0.1173) for keratoconus and −2.66 and −3.04 diopters (p = 0.2242) for postrefractive surgery ectasia. Conclusion The small cone Placido measured dioptric values that were greater than the pure Scheimpflug system, but the difference was only about 1 diopter, which is not relevant clinically in evaluating and managing ectasia. The combined dual Scheimpflug-Placido system produced measured dioptric values between the other two technologies. The anterior CLMI calculations accurately predicted keratoconus with all three devices. The posterior CLMI in ectasia may be a potentially valuable calculation in demonstrating asymmetric steepening. How to cite this article Mauger TF, Mahmoud AM, Roberts CJ, Chheda LV, Kuennen RA, Hendershot AJ, Lembach RG. Comparison of Placido, Scheimpflug and Combined Dual Scheimpflug-Placido Technologies in Evaluating Anterior and Posterior CLMI, SimK's as well as Kmax, in Keratoconic and Postrefractive Surgery Ectasia. Int J Keratoco Ectatic Corneal Dis 2012;1(1):44-52. • C Roberts is a Consultant for Oculus Optikgerate GmbH and Ziemer Ophthalmic Systems AG, and has an interest in the GALILEI. • A Mahmoud has an interest in the GALILEI. • T Mauger, L Chheda, R Kuennen, A Hendershot, and R Lembach have no financial interests.

scholarly journals Two Approaches to Predicting the Path of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Is One Better?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ben R. Craig ◽  
Thomas M. Phelan ◽  
Jan-Peter Siedlarek ◽  
Jared Steinberg
Keyword(s):  
Curve Fitting ◽  
Ohio State University ◽  
Structural Approach ◽  
State University ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
University Of Washington ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Ohio State University ◽  
The University

We compare two types of models used to predict the spread of the coronavirus, both of which have been used by government officials and agencies. We describe the nature of the difference between the two approaches and their advantages and limitations. We compare examples of each type of model—the University of Washington IHME or “Murray” model, which follows a curve-fitting approach, and the Ohio State University model, which follows a structural approach.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Dulaglutide Expanded Doses by Baseline A1C Categories: Post Hoc Analysis of AWARD-11

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A332-A333
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Frias ◽  
Enzo Bonora ◽  
David A Cox ◽  
Anita Kwan ◽  
Sohini Raha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Dose Escalation ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Metformin Monotherapy ◽  
Lower Baseline ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Glycemic Target ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract The AWARD-11 trial demonstrated the safety and efficacy of dulaglutide (DU) once weekly doses of 3 mg and 4.5 mg compared to DU 1.5 mg in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy. This exploratory post hoc analysis of AWARD-11 assessed the effect of dulaglutide on A1C reduction by clinically-relevant baseline A1C subgroups (&lt;8%; 8%-&lt;9%; 9%-&lt;10%; ≥10%) and the proportion of patients achieving A1C &lt;7% in these subgroups through 36 and 52 weeks. Patients were randomized to once weekly DU 1.5 mg (n=612), 3 mg (n=616), or 4.5 mg (n=614). All patients initiated once weekly DU 0.75 mg for 4 weeks, followed by stepwise dose escalation every 4 weeks to the randomized dose. A mixed effects model for repeated measures was used within the A1C subgroups to assess the change in A1C from baseline at 36 and 52 weeks. A longitudinal logistic regression model was used within subgroups to analyze the proportion of patients achieving A1C &lt;7% at 36 and 52 weeks. Efficacy analyses used data collected up to initiation of rescue medication or premature treatment discontinuation, if either occurred. DU 1.5 mg reduced A1C across all baseline A1C categories at 36 weeks (range, -1.0 to -2.2%) and effects were sustained through 52 weeks (range, -1.0 to -2.1%). A1C reductions were greater in patients randomized to DU 3 mg or 4.5 mg versus 1.5 mg in each A1C subgroup, with greater dose-related improvements in patients with higher baseline A1C through 36 weeks (A1C subgroup, least-squares mean change in A1C [%] with 1.5 mg, 3 mg, and 4.5 mg, respectively: A1C&lt;8%, -1.0, -1.2, -1.2; A1C 8-&lt;9%, -1.4, -1.6, -1.8; A1C 9-&lt;10%, -2.1, -2.2, -2.3; A1C ≥10%, -2.2, -2.5, -3.2; interaction p&lt;0.001). More patients randomized to 3 mg or 4.5 mg achieved A1C &lt;7% versus those on 1.5 mg at 36 weeks regardless of baseline A1C, but the difference across dose groups was greater at higher baseline A1Cs. Over half of patients randomized to DU 4.5 mg achieved A1C &lt;7% in every baseline A1C category (A1C&lt;8%, 75%, 87%, 83%; A1C 8-&lt;9%, 61%, 64%, 73%; A1C 9-&lt;10%, 46%, 51%, 64%; A1C ≥10%, 19%, 33%, 55% for DU 1.5 mg, 3 mg, and 4.5 mg, respectively; interaction p=0.096). Similar patterns of dose-related improvement in A1C and proportions of patients achieving A1C &lt;7% across baseline A1C categories were observed at 52 weeks. Gastrointestinal adverse events were similar between A1C subgroups. Glycemic control as measured by A1C and proportion of patients achieving A1C &lt;7% was improved with DU dose escalation from 1.5 mg to 3 mg or 4.5 mg across a spectrum of clinically relevant baseline A1C categories without increasing incidence of GI adverse events. Patients at higher baseline A1Cs (9%-&lt;10% and ≥10%) had larger dose-related improvements in glycemic control than those at lower baseline A1Cs (&lt;8% and 8%-&lt;9%). The majority of patients randomized to DU 4.5 mg achieved glycemic target across all categories of baseline A1C.

Co-contraction of the core muscles during Pilates exercise on the Wunda Chair

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 719-725
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Panhan ◽  
Mauro Gonçalves ◽  
Giovana Duarte Eltz ◽  
Marina Mello Villalba ◽  
Adalgiso Coscrato Cardozo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
The Core ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Pilates Method ◽  
Bonferroni Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Internal Oblique

BACKGROUND: The co-contraction of the core muscles has been reported as the key mechanism towards spinal stability. Classic Pilates exercises aimed at these muscles are known to improve the stability and strength of the trunk without damaging the deep structures of the spine. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the co-contraction of the mobilizing (rectus abdominis; longissimus) and stabilizing (multifidus; internal oblique) trunk muscles during Pilates exercises – going up front, mountain climber, and swan. METHODS: Sixteen women, all Pilates practitioners, participated in the study. The stabilizing and mobilizing muscles of the trunk (right side) were submitted to electromyography to calculate the percentage of co-contraction during the exercises. One-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to verify the difference in %COCON between stabilizers and mobilizers among the three exercises. The post-hoc Bonferroni test (P< 0.01) was applied when necessary. The paired t-test (P< 0.01) was used to verify the difference in %COCON between stabilizers and mobilizers separately for each exercise. RESULTS: The co-contraction values of the stabilizers were higher than those of the mobilizers for all exercises. The going up front (stabilizers) and the swan (mobilizers) exercises showed the highest %COCON values. CONCLUSIONS: The Pilates method is effective for either rehabilitating pathologies or training the trunk muscles in healthy individuals and athletes.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of abatacept in biologic-naïve patients with active rheumatoid arthritis by background methotrexate dose: post hoc analysis of a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 4 study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiya Tanaka ◽  
Tsukasa Matsubara ◽  
Koichi Hashizume ◽  
Norihito Amano ◽  
Tsutomu Takeuchi
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Active Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Similar Efficacy ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Post Hoc

ABSTRACT Objectives The objective of this study is to evaluate efficacy and safety of abatacept in biologic-naïve, anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)-positive Japanese patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by background methotrexate (MTX) dose. Methods In this post hoc analysis of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 4 study (NCT01758198), patients received intravenous abatacept (∼10 mg/kg) or placebo both with MTX (≥6 mg/week). Efficacy (Disease Activity Score 28 using C-reactive protein [DAS28 (CRP)] and Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index [HAQ-DI]) was assessed by baseline MTX dosage (≤8 and &gt;8 mg/week) to week 16; safety was assessed by MTX dosage ≤8 and &gt;8 mg/week. Change from baseline in DAS28 (CRP) and HAQ-DI was assessed using longitudinal repeated measures analysis. Results Overall, 101 and 102 patients received abatacept + MTX ≤8 and &gt;8 mg/week, while 96 and 106 patients received placebo + MTX ≤8 and &gt;8 mg/week, respectively. Regardless of baseline MTX dose received, mean changes from baseline in DAS28 (CRP) and HAQ-DI in abatacept groups were similar; repeated measures analysis showed similar trends in changes from baseline in DAS28 (CRP) and HAQ-DI. Abatacept safety profile was consistent with previous observations. Conclusions Post hoc analysis demonstrated similar efficacy and safety of abatacept in biologic-naïve ACPA-positive Japanese patients with RA regardless of baseline MTX dose.

scholarly journals RARE-23. HIGH DOSE METHOTREXATE WITH OR WITHOUT VINCRISTINE FOR PRIMARY CNS LYMPHOMA, THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY EXPERIENCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi226-vi226
Author(s):  
Tracelyn Freeman ◽  
Carlo Legasto ◽  
Alex Schickli ◽  
Eric McLaughlin ◽  
Pierre Giglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Cns Lymphoma ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Ohio State University ◽  
Cns Lymphoma ◽  
High Dose ◽  
High Dose Methotrexate ◽  
State University ◽  
Dose Methotrexate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Ohio State University

Abstract OBJECTIVES 1) Determine the response rate (RR) after chemotherapy with high-dose methotrexate with or without vincristine in patients with primary CNS lymphoma. 2) Determine the difference in adverse effects with the use of vincristine. 3) Determine the difference in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between the 2 groups. METHODS Retrospective study in patients 18–89 years with primary CNS lymphoma that received chemotherapy with rituximab (R), methotrexate (M), procarbazine (P), and vincristine (V) R-MPV, R-MV, R-MP, or R-M between 2010 and 2018 at The Ohio State University. Response rate by cycle 7 was compared with odds ratio. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to compare OS and PFS. RESULTS 29 patients were included: 16 (55%) received vincristine. 14/16 patients treated with vincristine and 4/13 in the other group also had procarbazine. 12/29 patients had a complete response after a maximum of 7 cycles. The odds of complete response were 24% higher in patients treated with vincristine but the difference did not reach statistical significance. Side effects were higher in the vincristine arm. The most common was peripheral neuropathy (75% vs 8% - all grades). Median PFS was 60.7 months for the vincristine group and 23.7 months for the non-vincristine group. Median OS was 85.3 months for the vincristine group and 67.1 months for the non-vincristine group. OS and PFS curves did not differ significantly. CONCLUSIONS The use of vincristine in high-dose methotrexate chemotherapy regimens for CNS lymphoma was not associated with a statistically significant difference in RR. Patients who received vincristine had more side effects and there were no significant differences in OS and PFS. The sample size and rate of procarbazine use may be confounding factors. Further studies are necessary to determine the effect of vincristine in RR and OS in these patients.

Five Decades of Research Experience in Speech Anatomy and Physiology

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
David P. Kuehn
Keyword(s):  
Ohio State University ◽  
State University ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
University Of Iowa ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
The Ohio State University ◽  
Speech Science ◽  
The University ◽  
East Carolina University

This report highlights some of the major developments in the area of speech anatomy and physiology drawing from the author's own research experience during his years at the University of Iowa and the University of Illinois. He has benefited greatly from mentors including Professors James Curtis, Kenneth Moll, and Hughlett Morris at the University of Iowa and Professor Paul Lauterbur at the University of Illinois. Many colleagues have contributed to the author's work, especially Professors Jerald Moon at the University of Iowa, Bradley Sutton at the University of Illinois, Jamie Perry at East Carolina University, and Youkyung Bae at the Ohio State University. The strength of these researchers and their students bodes well for future advances in knowledge in this important area of speech science.

Cardiology Fellowship Education in the Era of High-density Training, Data Tracking, and Quality Measures

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Alex J Auseon ◽  
Albert J Kolibash ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ohio State University ◽  
Training Data ◽  
State University ◽  
Training Requirements ◽  
Healthcare Environment ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Work Hour ◽  
The Ohio State University ◽  
Data Tracking

Background:Educating trainees during cardiology fellowship is a process in constant evolution, with program directors regularly adapting to increasing demands and regulations as they strive to prepare graduates for practice in today’s healthcare environment.Methods and Results:In a 10-year follow-up to a previous manuscript regarding fellowship education, we reviewed the literature regarding the most topical issues facing training programs in 2010, describing our approach at The Ohio State University.Conclusion:In the midst of challenges posed by the increasing complexity of training requirements and documentation, work hour restrictions, and the new definitions of quality and safety, we propose methods of curricula revision and collaboration that may serve as an example to other medical centers.

Evaluation of a New Clinical Test of Fusion Status: A Pilot Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 113-118
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Ohio State University ◽  
Background Suppression ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
State University ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Central Fusion ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
The Ohio State University ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Background Suppression is associated with binocular vision conditions such as amblyopia and strabismus. Commercial methods of testing fusion often only measure central fusion or suppression at near. The purpose of this pilot study was to assess a new iPad picture fusion test that assesses foveal and central fusion at near. Methods Participants aged 5 years and older presenting for eye examination at The Ohio State University College of Optometry were enrolled. Results from visual acuity, dry and wet refraction/retinoscopy, stereopsis and cover testing were recorded from the patient chart. The iPad picture fusion test, Worth four-dot, Worth type test with foveal letter targets, and Polarized four-dot were performed by one examiner in a randomized order at 40 cm. Testing was repeated with the anaglyphic filters reversed. Crosstabulation and McNemar chi-square analysis were used to compare the results between fusion testing devices. Results Of the fifty participants (mean age = 17.5), twelve reported suppression and one reported diplopia. Testability was excellent for all tests (98% to 100%). There were no significant differences between tests in reported results (P ≥ 0.22 for all comparisons). No difference in reported fusion or suppression status was observed with change in orientation of the anaglyphic filters. Six participants reported foveal suppression alone at near which was not identified with Worth four-dot at near. Conclusion The iPad picture fusion test provided excellent testability and agreement with commonly used tests of fusion and allowed testing of both central and foveal fusion at near. Nearly half (46%) of participants with suppression reported foveal suppression, supporting the importance of testing for foveal suppression.

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