Apical Debris Extrusion during Root Canal Preparation with ProTaper Next and Mani Silk Rotary Systems: An in vitro Study

ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate the amount of apically extruded debris after the preparation of root canals in extracted human single-rooted teeth using ProTaper Next and Mani Silk rotary systems. Materials and methods A total of 40 freshly extracted human single-rooted teeth with mature apices and straight root canal were selected and similar length were instrumented with ProTaper Next and Mani Silk rotary systems. Debris and irrigant extruded during instrumentation were collected into preweighed Eppendorf tubes. The Eppendorf tubes were then stored in an incubator at 68°C for 5 days. The weight of the extruded debris was determined by subtracting the initial weight from the final weight. Statistical analysis Data analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Postweights were compared with an independent t test for 2 groups. Results Both instruments were associated with apical debris extrusion. There was no significant difference between the ProTaper Next and Mani Silk instruments in terms of mean weight of apically extruded debris. Conclusion There was no significant difference among the groups in terms of mean weight of apically extruded debris. How to cite this article Koppolu M, Basam R, Suneelkumar C, Lavanya A. Apical Debris Extrusion during Root Canal Preparation with ProTaper Next and Mani Silk Rotary Systems: An in vitro Study. J Oper Dent Endod 2016;1(2):66-69.

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Apically extruded debris associated with ProTaper Next, ProTaper Gold and TruNatomy systems: An in vitro study

Journal of Dental Research Dental Clinics Dental Prospects ◽

10.34172/joddd.2021.006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 30-34

Author(s):

Neslihan Yılmaz Çırakoglu ◽

Yağız Özbay

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

The Other ◽

Root Canal Preparation ◽

Root Canals ◽

System P ◽

Apical Extrusion ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Final Weight

Background. This research aimed to investigate and compare the amount of apically extruded debris after root canal preparation using ProTaper Next, ProTaper Gold, and TruNatomy systems. Methods. Forty-five extracted mandibular premolar teeth with single canals with similar lengths were used. The root canals were prepared using ProTaper Next (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), ProTaper Gold (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), or TruNatomy (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) files. Apically extruded debris during preparation was gathered into preweighed Eppendorf tubes. Then the Eppendorf tubes were incubated at 70°C for five days. The Eppendorf tubes were weighed again to determine their final weight plus the extruded debris. Results. The TRN system resulted in significantly less debris extrusion than the PTN system (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the PTN and PTG groups and between the PTG and TRN groups (P>0.05). Conclusion. All the instrumentation systems caused apical extrusion of debris. However, the TRN system resulted in significantly less debris extrusion than the other systems.

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Force and vibration analysis in biomechanical preparation of root canals using reciprocating endodontic file system: In vitro study

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part H Journal of Engineering in Medicine ◽

10.1177/09544119211044236 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 095441192110442

Author(s):

Vinod Singh Thakur ◽

Pavan Kumar Kankar ◽

Anand Parey ◽

Arpit Jain ◽

Prashant Kumar Jain

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Vibration Analysis ◽

File System ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Root Canal Preparation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Improper Use ◽

Four Levels ◽

Root Canal Instrumentation

The shaping and cleaning of the root canal are very important in root canal treatment. The excessive force and vibration during biomechanical preparation of the root canal may result in failure of the endodontic file. In this study, force and vibration analysis was carried out during root canal preparation. The samples of human extracted (premolar) teeth were provided by the College of Dental Science and Hospital. Endodontic instruments for reciprocating motion, such as the WaveOne Gold file system, had been used for root canal preparation. Force and vibration signals were recorded by dynamometer and accelerometer, respectively. The acquired signals were denoised using the db4 (SWT denoising 1-D) wavelet. Four levels of decomposition were carried out for each signal. The signal denoising technique was used to remove unwanted noise from the acquired signal. FESEM analysis was used to visualize the levels of severity of endodontic files during the cleaning and shaping of the root canal. In most of the cases, the failure occurred due to the improper use of the root canal instrumentation. The optimum amount of force was used to avoid the file failure and provided the proper instrumentation. The curve fitting regression model was used to find the interdependency between force and vibration.

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Effectiveness of hand and Mtwo™ instruments in preparing oval-shaped root canals: in vitro study

Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia - UPF ◽

10.5335/rfo.v21i2.5322 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Fernanda Diederichs Coutinho ◽

Renata Dornelles Morgental ◽

Simone Bonato Luisi ◽

Fabiana Vieira Vier-Pelisser ◽

Patricia Maria Poli Kopper

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Root Apex ◽

Conventional Technique ◽

Basic Sequence ◽

Preparation Technique ◽

Root Canals ◽

Canal Area ◽

Significant Difference

Objective: This study evaluated through stereomicroscopy the effectiveness of hand and rotary instrumentation techniques, either isolated or combined, in the preparation of oval-shaped root canals. Materials and method: Thirty single-rooted human mandibular incisors were selected. After endodontic access and coronal preflaring, teeth were mounted in a modified Bramante muffle and then sectioned transversely at 3 and 6 mm from the root apex. Images of each section were made under a stereomicroscope at 30× magnification. Teeth were reassembled in the muffle and divided into three groups (n=10) according to the root canal preparation technique: GI - rotary preparation with Mtwo™ basic sequence (10/.04; 15/.05; 20/.06; 25/.06), followed by Mtwo™ complementary instruments (30/.05; 35/.04; 40/.04); GII - rotary preparation with Mtwo™ basic sequence, complemented by hand instruments (#30, #35 and #40); GIII - hand instrumentation using the conventional technique (#10 to #40). All instruments were used in brushing motion. The muffles were separated again so that new images of each section could be obtained. The following parameters were evaluated in pre- and postoperative images: root canal area; perimeter; mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual (BL) diameters; and mesial (M) and distal (D) wall thickness. Next, the values measured in post- and preoperative images were subtracted forcomparison of experimental groups. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (α=0.05). Results: No significant difference between groups was observed for all parameters. Conclusion: There was no difference among hand, rotary, or combined instrumentation; all techniques were able to increase root canal area, perimeter, and diameter in MD and BL directions. Moreover, the amount of dentin wearon proximal root canal walls was similar for all tested groups.

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Debris and Smear Layer Removal from Oval Root Canals Comparing XP-Endo Finisher, EndoActivator, and Manual Irrigation: A SEM Evaluation

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1714762 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (04) ◽

pp. 626-633 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Asmaa Alakshar ◽

Abdul Rahman Mohammed Saleh ◽

Mehmet Omer Gorduysus

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Smear Layer ◽

Layer Versus ◽

Cleaning Efficiency ◽

Radiographic Images ◽

Root Canals ◽

Single Root ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Objective This study aimed to assess and compare XP-Endo Finisher (XP) cleaning efficiency with respect to the amount of remaining debris and smear layer versus Max-I-Probe needle (CI), EndoActivator device (EA), and combination of XP-Endo Finisher file with EndoActivator device (XP+EA) in oval root canals. Materials and Methods This in vitro study was performed on 36 extracted single root/canal mandibular premolars. Radiographic images were taken in buccolingual and mesiodistal projections to evaluate the shape of the root canal and determine whether it met exclusion criteria. All teeth were decoronated and prepared using Reciproc (R40). The samples were divided randomly into four groups: CI, EA, XP, and XP + EA. The root canals were irrigated with 5 mL of 17% EDTA and 2.5% NaOCl, respectively. Apart from the CI group, both solutions were activated by using the tested techniques for 1 minute.The teeth were split longitudinally, and the best visible identified sections of the roots were used as the representing samples for scanning electron microscope (SEM) evaluation. Each half was divided into the following three parts: 1 mm from the anatomic apex and a standardized photomicrograph with 500x and 1500x magnifications for debris and smear layer were obtained. A five-grade scoring system was utilized to quantify the results at the coronal, middle, and apical regions. Statistical analysis was performed by using the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests. Results Group differences in debris and smear layer scores were found statistically significant for all locations as well as for overall assessment, except for the coronal third. Intragroup comparison of debris and smear layer in CI, EA, and XP had the minimum score at the middle third, with no significant difference compared with the coronal and apical thirds. XP + EA had less debris and smear layer score at the coronal third, significantly different from apical third.CI and EA had less debris and smear layer compared with XP and XP + EA at all locations with a significant difference at the middle and apical third (p < 0.05). Conclusion EA and CI showed less debris and smear layer than XP and XP + EA in the middle and apical third. The use of the XP in conjunction with the present irrigation protocol failed to have debris-free dentin surface in the apical portion of most of the root canals.

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Apical Transportation of Mesiobuccal Canals of Maxillary Molars Following Root Canal Preparation with Two Rotary Systems and Hand Files: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Assessment

Frontiers in Dentistry ◽

10.18502/fid.v14i4.2086 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Pegah Sarraf ◽

Nazanin Kiomarsi ◽

Farrokh Haj Taheri ◽

Behrang Moghaddamzade ◽

Fatemeh Dibaji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Root Canal Preparation ◽

Computed Tomographic ◽

Maxillary Molars ◽

Apical Transportation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Canal Transportation

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the transportation of the mesiobuccal canal of maxillary molars following root canal preparation with HyFlex CM (HCM) and Edge Taper Platinum (ETP) rotary systems and stainless steel (SS) hand files using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: This in-vitro study was performed on 48 maxillary molars in three groups of 16. The teeth were mounted in acrylic blocks, and root canals were prepared using HCM in group 1 (up to #30/0.06), ETP in group 2 (up to F3/0.06), and SS hand files in group 3 (up to #30). CBCT scans were taken before and after root canal preparation. The amount of canal transportation was measured at 0, 3, 6, and 9mm from the apex. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: The difference in canal transportation at 0 and 6mm from the apex was significant between the HCM and ETP groups (P=0.031 and 0.023) but none of the systems showed any significant difference with hand files at 0- and 6-mm levels (P=0.10, 0.56, 0.22, and 0.50), respectively. At 3mm from the apex, no significant difference was noted among the groups (P=0.30). At the 9-mm level, the amount of canal transportation was not significantly different between HCM and ETP (P=0.83) but they showed significant differences with hand files (P<0.001). Conclusion: ETP and HCM caused less canal transportation at the curvature of the mesiobuccal canal of maxillary molars compared to hand files. ETP showed superior efficacy in root canal preparation compared to HCM.

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Assessment of Marginal Adaptation and Sealing Ability of Root Canal Sealers: An in vitro Study

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2188 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (12) ◽

pp. 1130-1134 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vimal Remy ◽

Vineesh Krishnan ◽

Tisson V Job ◽

Madhavankutty S Ravisankar ◽

CV Renjith Raj ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Marginal Adaptation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Sealing Ability ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ah Plus ◽

Root Canal Sealers

ABSTRACT Aim This study aims to compare the marginal adaptation and sealing ability [mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)-Fillapex, AH Plus, Endofill sealers] of root canal sealers. Materials and methods In the present study, the inclusion criteria include 45 single-rooted extracted mandibular premolar teeth, with single canal and complete root formation. The sectioning of the samples was done at the cementoenamel junction using a low-speed diamond disc. Step-back technique was used to prepare root canals manually. The MTA-Fillapex, AH Plus, and Endofill sealers were the three experimental sealer groups to which 45 teeth were distributed. Under scanning electron microscope (SEM), marginal gap at sealer and root dentin interface were examined at coronal and apical halves of root canal. Results Among the three maximum marginal adaptations were seen with AH Plus sealer (4.10 ± 0.10) which is followed by Endofill sealer (1.44 ± 0.18) and MTA-Fillapex sealer (0.80 ± 0.22). Between the coronal and apical marginal adaptation, significant statistical difference (p = 0.001) was seen in AH Plus sealer. When a Mann–Whitney U-test was done on MTA-Fillapex sealer vs AH Plus sealer and AH Plus sealer vs Endofill sealer, there was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) found between the above two groups at coronal and apical third. Conclusion The present study proves that AH Plus sealer has a better marginal adaptation when compared with other sealers used. Clinical significance For sealing space of crown wall and main cone in root canal treatment, sealers play an important role. The other advantages of sealers are that they are used to fill voids and irregularities in root channel, secondary, lateral channels, and space between applied gutta-percha cones and also act as tripper during filling. How to cite this article Remy V, Krishnan V, Job TV, Ravisankar MS, Raj CVR, John S. Assessment of Marginal Adaptation and Sealing Ability of Root Canal Sealers: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(12):1130-1134.

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The occurrence of C-shaped root canal in Malaysian population

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3329/bjms.v12i3.15427 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 286-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yeap Kian Nie ◽

Wan Zaripah Wan Bakar ◽

Mohammad Khursheed Alam

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Medical Science ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Middle Level ◽

Root Canals ◽

Malaysian Population ◽

Dental Clinics ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Endodontic Diagnosis

Background: The recognition of unusual canals configurations and variations are essential for successful endodontic diagnosis and treatment. This study was aimed to investigate the occurrence of C- shaped root canal in Malaysian population. Design: This is an in vitro study whereby 241 extracted human first and second molars with intact root were collected from several dental clinics in Malaysia. Materials and Methods: The roots were sectioned at three levels: subpulpal level, 3mm from apical tip and middle level between the first and last level. The appearance of the root canal sections were assessed using stereomicroscope (Leica, Germany) and pictures were taken. Data were analyzed statistically using Fishers Exact and Binomial test with p<0.05 indicates statistically significant difference. Results: The occurrence of C- shaped canal among molars collected is 3.73%. Hundred percent of the molars with C- shaped root canal configuration are mandibular molars and 77.8% are belonged to Chinese racial. Conclusion: The findings show that C- shaped root canals do occur among Malaysian people especially Chinese racial. Besides, all the teeth that possess C- shaped root canal configuration are lower molars. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 12 No. 03 July 13 Page 286-290 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v12i3.15427

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Cone-beam Computed Tomography Evaluation of Root Canal Preparation using Various Rotary Instruments: An in vitro Study

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1773 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. 869-872 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Suhashini Ramanathan ◽

Pradeep Solete

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Root Canal ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Root Canal Preparation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Rotary Instruments ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Dentin Thickness

ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate the remaining dentin thickness of teeth after cleaning and shaping the root canal using three rotary instrumentation technique using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods This in vitro study is being done with 30 premolar samples with 20’ curvature. The study is divided into three groups a CBCT was taken to measure the shortest distance from the root canal outline to the closest adjacent root surface was measured at each level from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) (1,3, 5 and 7 mm) before and after root canal instrumentation. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of different instruments used to prepare curved root canals on the remaining cervical dentin thickness and total amount of dentin removed from root canals during instrumentation by using multi-slice CBCT. The remaining dentin thickness is very much necessary for the success rate of root canal treatment. However, this study helps to prove that a conservative preparation with a sound remaining dentin thickness is much more advisable. Result It was observed that there was a significant difference at 1 and 3 mm (p < 0.05) and at 5 and 7 mm there was no significant difference (p > 0.05). Mtwo has removed less amount dentin when compared to ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next system at 1 and 3 mm. Conclusion Under the conditions of the study, we concluded that ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next should be used judiciously, as it causes higher thinning of root dentin of the root when compared with Mtwo. How to cite this article Ramanathan S, Solete P. Cone-beam Computed Tomography Evaluation of Root Canal Preparation using Various Rotary Instruments: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):869-872.

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Accuracy of Electronic Apex Locator in Enlarged Root Canals with Different Root Canal Irrigants: An in vitro Study

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1379 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 649-652

Author(s):

Dinapadu Sainath ◽

Srikanth Pasari ◽

Shilpa Reddy Admala ◽

Narender Reddy Marukala ◽

Sindhurareddy Gurram ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Saline Group ◽

Root Canals ◽

Root Canal Irrigants ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Experimental Apparatus ◽

Electronic Apex Locator ◽

Group 1

ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate the accuracy of Root ZX-II (J Morita Corp) apex locator in enlarged root canals with different root canal irrigants. Materials and methods 48 freshly extracted single rooted mandibular premolar teeth were used. The apical enlargement was done up to #45 K-file as the master apical file (MAF). The teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups and mounted in an experimental apparatus. The following irrigants were used during electronic canal measurements: group 1: saline; group 2: 3% NaOCl; group 3: 2% chlorhexidine; group 4: 17% EDTA. The canal measurement was done with Root ZX-II apex locator using #10 and #45 K-file. Data were analyzed by two way ANOVA and Bonferroni multiple comparison test. Results Statistical analysis showed that there was statistically significant difference between #10 and #45 K-file for group 1 (p < 0.01). Conclusion Root ZX-II was accurate in the presence of 3% NaOCl and 17% EDTA when measured with smaller and larger files. However, it was accurate in the presence of saline and 2% CHX when larger files were used. How to cite this article Dinapadu S, Pasari S, Admala SR, Marukala NR, Gurram S, Peddi R. Accuracy of Electronic Apex Locator in Enlarged Root Canals with Different Root Canal Irrigants: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(4): 649-652.

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