Assessment and Management of Heart Failure in Pediatric Population

2016 ◽  
pp. 546-546
Author(s):  
Biswajit Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Santanu Guha ◽  
Debadatta Mukhopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Pediatric Population

scholarly journals Impact of Heart Transplantation on Cheyne-Stokes Respiration in a Child

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhail Al-Saleh ◽  
Paul F. Kantor ◽  
Indra Narang
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Transplantation ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Heart Transplant ◽  
Cardiac Transplantation ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Severe Heart Failure ◽  
Advanced Heart Failure ◽  
Caucasian Male

Sleep disordered breathing is well described in adults with heart failure but not in pediatric population. We describe a 13-year-old Caucasian male with severe heart failure related to dilated cardiomyopathy who demonstrated polysomnographic features of Cheyne-Stokes respiration, which completely resolved following cardiac transplantation. Cheyne-Stokes respiration in children with advanced heart failure and its resolution after heart transplant can be observed similar to adults.

scholarly journals Etiological Spectrum of Heart Failure in Pediatric Population

2014 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 482-482
Author(s):  
Eshita Bhowmik ◽  
Arun Kumar De ◽  
Sourya Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Etiological Spectrum

An institutional series and literature review of pial arteriovenous fistulas in the pediatric population

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Madsen ◽  
Shih-Shan Lang ◽  
Jared M. Pisapia ◽  
Phillip B. Storm ◽  
Robert W. Hurst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Rare Form ◽  
Excellent Outcome ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistulas ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Worse Prognosis

Object Pial arteriovenous fistulas (PAVFs) are a rare form of cerebrovascular disease that tend to be overrepresented in the pediatric population. There have been limited studies of the clinical features and outcomes in this group of patients. Here, the authors attempt to better delineate this clinical entity with institutional cases and a review of the literature. Methods A retrospective review of cases at our institution was performed to identify all pediatric patients treated for a PAVF between 2000 and 2012. Results Five patients treated for a PAVF were identified. Patients had a mean age of 1.9 years at diagnosis, and the most common presenting symptoms were seizure and macrocephaly. Patients were treated primarily with embolization, and 3 patients required both N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) glue and coiling. Four of the patients had complete obliteration of the PAVF and had a pediatric overall performance category score of either 1 (n = 3) or 2 (n = 1) at follow-up. There was 1 death due to heart failure. Analysis of the literature review suggested that a younger age or presence of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) or congestive heart failure (CHF) at presentation likely predicts a worse prognosis. Older patients presented more often with ICH, whereas younger patients presented significantly more often in CHF. The majority of pediatric patients reported on in the literature were treated with endovascular embolization, most commonly with NBCA glue alone. Most patients (65.4%) in the literature had an excellent outcome without neurological deficit. Conclusions Pial AVFs represent a serious yet rare form of cerebrovascular disease. Pediatric patients with ICH or CHF at presentation or those who are very young are likely to have a worse prognosis. Endovascular management of these patients has greatly changed the natural history of this disease, but the complication and mortality rates suggest the need for continued insights and advances in treatment.

scholarly journals Cardiac resynchronization therapy in a child with tetralogy of Fallot

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Horia Stefan Rosianu ◽  
Razvan Olimpiu Mada ◽  
Simona Oprita ◽  
Adrian Stef ◽  
Manuel Chira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy ◽  
Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Pulmonary Regurgitation ◽  
Cardiac Resynchronization ◽  
Heart Team ◽  
Resynchronization Therapy ◽  
Permanent Pacing

Cardiac resynchronization therapy is a common option in adult patients with heart failure and conduction abnormalities. Specific selection criteria for pediatric population are lacking. We report the case of a 14-year-old boy with signifi cant pulmonary regurgitation subsequent to corrected tetralogy of Fallot and single chamber permanent pacing which presented with heart failure symptoms. Careful management was planned by a Heart Team including pediatric cardiologist, cardiac surgeon, interventional cardiologist and anesthesiologist. After undergoing cardiac surgery with complete correction of the pulmonary regurgitation and upgrade to a triple chamber pacing, the patient was discharged in good clinical status.

scholarly journals Recent and Upcoming Drug Therapies for Pediatric Heart Failure

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla L. Loss ◽  
Robert E. Shaddy ◽  
Paul F. Kantor
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Reduced Ejection Fraction ◽  
Pediatric Heart Failure

Pediatric heart failure (HF) is an important clinical condition with high morbidity, mortality, and costs. Due to the heterogeneity in clinical presentation and etiologies, the development of therapeutic strategies is more challenging in children than adults. Most guidelines recommending drug therapy for pediatric HF are extrapolated from studies in adults. Unfortunately, even using all available treatment, progression to cardiac transplantation is common. The development of prospective clinical trials in the pediatric population has significant obstacles, including small sample sizes, slow recruitment rates, challenging endpoints, and high costs. However, progress is being made as evidenced by the recent introduction of ivabradine and of sacubitril/valsartan. In the last 5 years, new drugs have also been developed for HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in adults. The use of well-designed prospective clinical trials will be fundamental in the evaluation of safety and efficacy of these new drugs on the pediatric population. The aim of this article is to review the clinical presentation and management of acute and chronic pediatric heart failure, focusing on systolic dysfunction in patients with biventricular circulation and a systemic left ventricle. We discuss the drugs recently approved for children and those emerging, or in use for adults with HFrEF.

Parvovirus B19 Myocarditis: Looking Beyond the Heart

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-162
Author(s):  
Jaume Izquierdo-Blasco ◽  
María Teresa Salcedo Allende ◽  
Maria Gemma Codina Grau ◽  
Ferran Gran ◽  
Elena Martínez Sáez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Autoimmune Hepatitis ◽  
Acute Myocarditis ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Parvovirus B19 ◽  
Human Parvovirus B19 ◽  
Common Etiology ◽  
Disseminated Disease ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Human parvovirus B19 represents the most common etiology of myocarditis in the pediatric population. Although it usually causes a benign exanthematic viral infection, parvovirus B19 may also present as disseminated disease with tropism for the myocardium, causing heart failure with high mortality. We present the case of a 2-year-old patient with fulminating acute myocarditis in whom the histological, immunophenotypic, and microbiological findings in necropsy showed multiorgan involvement caused by parvovirus B19. The autopsy revealed changes due to infection with parvovirus B19 as well as hypoxic-ischemic and secondary autoimmune changes. Medullary aplasia was observed, transmural lymphocyte myocarditis, lymphocytosis in the dermis with endothelial cells positive for parvovirus B19 in immunohistochemistry, cholestatic hepatitis due to ischemia and autoimmune hepatitis, lymphadenitis, and signs of hemophagocytosis. We also found hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

scholarly journals The Failing Heart in Pediatric Dilated Cardiomyopathy Caused by Excessive Water Drinking: A Case Report and Brief Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Doni Pradana ◽  
Jarot Widodo
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Acute Heart Failure ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Cardiothoracic Ratio

: Acute heart failure in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a rare cardiac disease in the pediatric population. A 15- year-old boy admitted to the emergency department of Kendal Islamic Hospital, Kendal, Indonesia on June 26th, 2020 with shortness of breath, tachycardia, and oxygen desaturation. The chest X-ray showed significant cardiomegaly with a cardiothoracic ratio was 70% and signs of pulmonary congestion. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed dilation of the left atrium and left ventricle (LV), decreased global LV systolic function with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction of 22%. Subsequently, he was diagnosed with acute heart failure in dilated cardiomyopathy and discharged on day sixth of hospitalization. Focus initial assessment and time-to-therapy in acute heart failure settings needs to be understood by all clinicians especially emergency care physicians.

scholarly journals Successful experience with Levitronix PediVAS for management of acute heart failure after Fontan surgery

Open Medicine ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurynas Bezuska ◽  
Virgilijus Lebetkevicius ◽  
Kestutis Lankutis ◽  
Virgilijus Tarutis
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Acute Heart Failure ◽  
Mechanical Circulatory Support ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Circulatory Support ◽  
Bridge To Recovery ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Left Heart Bypass ◽  
Golden Standard ◽  
Fontan Surgery

AbstractAn extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was long a golden standard in the pediatric population with acute cardiac failure for short-term mechanical circulatory support. It gives the limited availability of pediatric-sized pumps and the outcomes remain disproportionately poor. The Levitronix PediVAS system (Levitronix LLC, Waltham, MA) offers expanded options for short-term support for this population. We report our experience with the successful use of the PediVAS (left heart bypass) in the 3-year-old male patient as a bridge to recovery after Fontan surgery in acute heart failure. Short-term circulatory support with the Levitronix PediVAS has proven to be a less invasive, safe, and effective for our pediatric patient.

Design of an Implantable Blood Pump for Mechanical Circulatory Support in Pediatric Patients

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor A. Snyder ◽  
Phillip Coghill ◽  
Kooroush Azartash-Namin ◽  
Jingchun Wu ◽  
J. Ryan Stanfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Mechanical Circulatory Support ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Right Heart Failure ◽  
Ventricular Assist Devices ◽  
Circulatory Support ◽  
Hydrodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Vaned Diffuser

While the use of pulsatile- and continuous-flow ventricular assist devices (VADs) has become widely accepted as an acceptable treatment for end-stage heart failure in adults over the last three decades, the technology development for pediatric-specific patients is lagging behind that of adult devices. Only one pulsatile-flow VAD has been approved for use in pediatric patients in the U.S., just five years ago [1]. One continuous-flow device was approved specific to this population under Humanitarian Device Exemption (HDE), but is not in clinical use today [2]. As continuous-flow rotary blood pumps (RBPs) have become commonplace for mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in adults due to smaller size and greater reliability, significant resources have gone into the development of RBPs for pediatric use [3]. Further, RBPs designed for adult MCS have been used off-label in pediatric patients [4]. Development of an implantable device specific to a pediatric population includes challenges of anatomic placement and fixation. We have developed a RBP for adult MCS specific to right heart failure using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and flow visualization [5]. The miniaturized device includes a rotating impeller and a vaned-diffuser in a 7 mm axial hydraulic diameter. As seen in Figure 1, the hydrodynamic characteristics suitable for a right-VAD (RVAD) may also be suitable for pediatric patients. Currently, the only approved device is placed extracorporeal due to size constraints in the intended population [1]. This report shows results of computational simulations for anatomic fit and fluid flow studies of our device geometry in pediatric patients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document