Factors Associated With Fitness to Drive for Older Adults With Dementia or MCI: A Pilot Study

Abstract Date Presented 04/21/21 This study examined the relationship of clinical and road portions of Vanderbilt University Medical Center's driver evaluation. Data were collected retrospectively on adults with mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Findings revealed a significant relationship between the driving recommendation and the road assessment scores but not the clinical scores. Results indicated a need for OT practitioners to explore clinical assessment methods to more accurately predict road performance for determining fitness-to-drive recommendations. Primary Author and Speaker: Susan L. Iliff Contributing Authors: Patricia Bowyer

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The Relationship of Age and Cognitive Characteristics of Drivers to Performance of Driving Tasks on an Interactive Driving Simulator

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193129503900211 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 172-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

José H. Guerrier ◽

P. Manivannan ◽

Anna Pacheco ◽

Frances L. Wilkie

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Abilities ◽

Driving Simulator ◽

Older Drivers ◽

Cognitive Characteristics ◽

The Road ◽

Current Thinking ◽

Private Car ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Older adults depend highly on the automobile to satisfy their mobility needs. They use the private car for the majority of their trips. However, driving is not without risks for older drivers and those who share the road with them. Drivers 65 and older contribute to more accidents per mile driven than younger drivers except those 18-24 years old. Furthermore, they are more likely to be injured or die as a result of such accidents than their younger counterparts. Current thinking suggests that the cognitive abilities of older drivers may be the best explanation for these accidents. This study investigated the contribution of age and specific cognitive, psychomotor, and perceptual dimensions upon the performance of driving tasks on an interactive simulator. The results suggest that age as such does not explain performance of driving tasks. Rather, age-sensitive cognitive characteristics of drivers provide a better understanding of performance of specific driving tasks.

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The relationship of functional hippocampal activity, amyloid deposition, and longitudinal memory decline to memory complaints in cognitively healthy older adults

Neurobiology of Aging ◽

10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.04.020 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xi Chen ◽

Michelle E. Farrell ◽

Melissa M. Rundle ◽

Micaela Y. Chan ◽

William Moore ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Amyloid Deposition ◽

Memory Decline ◽

Healthy Older Adults ◽

Memory Complaints ◽

Hippocampal Activity ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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Factors Associated with Maternal Opinion of Infant Development—Clues to the Vulnerable Child?

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.69.5.537 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 69 (5) ◽

pp. 537-543

Author(s):

Marie C. McCormick ◽

Sam Shapiro ◽

Barbara Starfield

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Infant Development ◽

Infant Health ◽

Subsequent Development ◽

First Year ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Slow Development ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

A mother's expectations about the development of her infant have been found to be a strong determinant of child development, but little is known about the factors that may affect maternal assessment of development. In this study, the relationship of the mother's opinion of the development of her infant with several sociodemographic, antenatal, intrapartum, and infant health variables was examined for a large sample of 1-year-old infants for whom gross motor observations were also obtained at the time of the interview. Among those observed to be developing at an appropriate rate, 4.0% were perceived by their mothers as developing more slowly than the mothers considered normal; among infants developing more slowly, 28.6% were considered to be developing slowly by their mothers. In both groups, the major determinants of maternal opinion of slow development concerned the infant's health: low birth weight, congenital anomalies regardless of severity, hospitalization during the first year of life, and high ambulatory care use. These results indicate that maternal perception of infant development may not reflect the infant's level, but past or present illness, and raise questions about the influence of infant health on maternal-infant interactions and the effect of such interactions on subsequent development in the child.

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Respiratory Periodicity and Electroencephalogram Arousals During Sleep in Older Adults

Biological Research For Nursing ◽

10.1177/1099800406298072 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 249-260 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Barbara Waag Carlson ◽

Virginia J. Neelon ◽

John R. Carlson ◽

Marilyn Hartman ◽

Sunil Dogra

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Exploratory Study ◽

High Variability ◽

Arterial Oxygenation ◽

Type B ◽

Breathing Patterns ◽

The Mean ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Electroencephalogram Eeg

The aim of this exploratory study was to examine the relationship of electroencephalogram (EEG) arousals to breathing patterns and the relationship of both arousals and breathing patterns to arterial oxygenation during sleep in older adults. Five older adults were monitored using standard polysomnography. Records were divided into 5-min segments and breathing patterns identified based on the level of respiratory periodicity and the variability in the frequency of breathing cycles. Standard criteria were used to determine sleep states and occurrence of EEG arousals. High respiratory periodicity was seen in 23% of the segments, whereas 24% had low respiratory periodicity with minimal variability in the frequency of breathing (Type A low respiratory periodicity) and 53% had low respiratory periodicity with high variability in the frequency of breathing (Type B low respiratory periodicity). Nearly all (97%) segments with high respiratory periodicity had EEG arousals, whereas fewer segments (33%) with low respiratory periodicity had arousals, regardless of the stage of sleep. Desaturations occurred more often in segments with high respiratory periodicity, F (2,4) = 57.3, p < .001, but overall, the mean SaO2 of segments with high respiratory periodicity did not differ from levels seen in segments with low respiratory periodicity, F( 2,4) = 0.77, ns. Our findings suggest that high respiratory periodicity is a common feature of EEG arousals and, in older adults, may be important for maintaining oxygen levels during desaturations during sleep.

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The Relationship of Older Adults' Activities and Body Mass Index

Journal of Aging and Health ◽

10.1177/0898264307310466 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 217-234 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Kristi Rahrig Jenkins ◽

Nancy H. Fultz

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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INCREASED INTRAMUSCULAR ADIPOSE TISSUE IS RELATED TO INCREASED CAPILLARIZATION IN OLDER ADULTS

Journal of Frailty & Aging ◽

10.14283/jfa.2020.20 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

O. Addison

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Body Mass ◽

Medical Center ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Positive Development ◽

Intramuscular Adipose Tissue ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Background: High levels of intramuscular adipose tissue and low levels of capillarization are both predicative of low muscle and mobility function in older adults, however little is known about their relationship. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of intramuscular adipose tissue and capillarization in older adults. Setting: An outpatient medical center. Participants: Forty-seven sedentary adults (age 59.9 ± 1.0 years, BMI 32.0 ± 0.7 kg/m2, VO2max 22.4 ± 0.7 ml/kg/min); Measurements: All participants underwent CT scans to determine intramuscular adipose tissue and muscle biopsies to determine capillarization in the mid-thigh. A step-wise hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to examine the contributions of age, sex, race, body mass index, 2-hour postprandial glucose, VO2max, and muscle capillarization, to the variability in intramuscular adipose tissue. Results: The predictors as a group accounted for 38.1% of the variance in intramuscular adipose tissue, with body mass index and capillarization each significantly contributing to the final model (P<0.001). The part correlation of body mass index with intramuscular adipose tissue was r = 0.47, and the part correlation of capillarization with intramuscular adipose tissue was r = 0.39, indicating that body mass index and capillarization explained 22.1%, and 15.2% of the variance in intramuscular adipose tissue. Conclusions: While increased muscle capillarization is typically thought of as a positive development, in some clinical conditions, such as tendinopathies, an increase in capillarization is part of the pathological process related to expansion of the extracellular matrix and fibrosis. This may also be an explanation for the surprising finding that high capillarization is related to high levels of intramuscular adipose tissue. Future studies are necessary to determine the relationship of changes in both capillarization and intramuscular adipose tissue after interventions, such as exercise.

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Schema in older adults: does the schema mode model apply?

Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy ◽

10.1017/s1352465819000602 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 341-349

Author(s):

Katelyn Phillips ◽

Robert Brockman ◽

Phoebe E. Bailey ◽

Ian I. Kneebone

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Healthy Adult ◽

Schema Theory ◽

Psychological Needs ◽

Basic Psychological Needs ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Younger Adults ◽

Schema Modes ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

AbstractBackground:The relevance of schema theory to psychopathology, in particular personality disorder, in younger adults is established. Investigations into the relevance of schema theory to older adults, however, is highly limited.Aims:To consider the relationship of schema modes to psychopathology in older adults and establish whether maladaptive schema modes are associated with unmet needs and that this relationship is mediated by the healthy adult mode of responding in this population.Method:One hundred and four older adults were recruited from an established database. Participants completed questionnaires assessing psychopathology, schema modes (YAMI: Young-Atkinson Mode Inventory) and basic psychological needs (BPNS: Basic Psychological Needs Scale – autonomy, competence and relatedness). Ninety-four responses were included after applying exclusion criteria.Results:The healthy adult schema mode was found to be associated with reduced psychopathology, and maladaptive child modes (angry and vulnerable child) to increased psychopathology. The healthy adult schema mode mediated the relationship between maladaptive child modes and needs satisfaction.Conclusions:As predicted by schema theory, the presence of one of the maladaptive child modes makes it difficult for an older individual to have their needs met, but the presence of healthy adult mode works to support this process.

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