Immunohistochemical Study of Laminin-332 γ2 Chain and MMP-9 in High Risk of Malignant Transformation Oral Lesions and OSCC

Background: “Oral Potentially Malignant Disorder (OPMD)” is a well-known symptom that, if untreated, can be carcinogenic. It includes leukoplakia, erythroplakia or erythroleukoplakia. One of the typical premalignant lesions of the oral cavity is “oral leukoplakias (OLs),” which frequently precedes “OSCCs.”OLs with dysplastic characteristics are considered to be at a higher risk of “malignant transformation.” So, early diagnosis of "oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs)" is desperately required to enhance patient prognosis and quality of life (QOL).As a result, we examined the distinctive promoter methylation presence in high-risk OLs. Objectives: To detect, compare & correlate “DNA methylation” patterns in normal individuals, tobacco users without disease and tobacco users with the disease. Methodology: With the participants' full consent, 48 saliva samples were obtained and prepared. DNA isolation, restriction digestion of genomic DNA, extraction of restriction enzyme digested genomic DNA, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and Agarose Gel Electrophoresis (AGE) were all carried out. Expected results: This study will help us to assess the use of Saliva as an aid to identifying both high and low risk “Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders.” Conclusion: Peculiar promoter methylation of various genes was related to a high possibility of malignant transformation in OLs.

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Clinical and radiological features that predict malignant transformation in cystic lesions of the pancreas: a retrospective case note review

AMRC Open Research ◽

10.12688/amrcopenres.12860.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 4

Author(s):

Margaret G. Keane ◽

Hannah R. Dadds ◽

Ghassan El Sayed ◽

Tu Vinh Luong ◽

Brian R. Davidson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Malignant Transformation ◽

Cystic Lesions ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Radiological Features ◽

Multidisciplinary Meeting ◽

Mucinous Neoplasms ◽

Low Incidence ◽

Immediate Surgery

Background: Pancreatic cystic lesions (PCL) are being detected with increasing frequency. Current methods of stratifying risk of malignant transformation are imperfect. This study aimed to determine the frequency of pancreatic malignancy in patients with PCL and define clinical and radiological features that predict malignant transformation in patients managed by surgery and/or surveillance. Methods: A retrospective cohort of adults who were evaluated in a tertiary hepatopancreaticobiliary centre between January 2000 - December 2013 with a confirmed PCL and followed up for at least 5 years. All cystic lesions were discussed at a weekly multidisciplinary meeting. Results: Of the 1,090 patients diagnosed with a PCL, 768 patients were included in the study: 141 patients were referred for immediate pancreatic resection, 570 entered surveillance while 57 had a malignant PCL which was unresectable at diagnosis (n=47) or were unfit for surgery (n=10). In those who were resected following presentation, malignancy was present in 38%. During follow-up 2% of those entering a surveillance programme underwent malignant transformation. Clinical and radiological features associated with a high-risk PCL included older age, symptoms, associated solid component or dilated main pancreatic duct. In intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, larger size was not a feature of malignant transformation (benign vs. malignant 30mm vs. 23mm; P= 0.012). Conclusion: The sensitivity of standard diagnostic tests leading to immediate surgery for high-risk PCL (malignant or mucinous) was 92% but with a specificity of just 5%. Surveillance of PCL without high-risk features within a multidisciplinary meeting was associated with a low incidence of cancer development, supporting the use of worrisome clinical and radiological features in the initial stratification of PCL.

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S100 Proteins as Biomarkers in Risk Estimations for Malignant Transformation in Oral Lesions

Methods in Molecular Biology - Calcium-Binding Proteins of the EF-Hand Superfamily ◽

10.1007/978-1-4939-9030-6_48 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 763-771

Author(s):

Rainer Probstmeier ◽

Dominik Kraus ◽

Matthias Wenghoefer ◽

Jochen Winter

Keyword(s):

Malignant Transformation ◽

S100 Proteins ◽

Oral Lesions

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Long-term follow-up of neoplastic pancreatic cysts without high-risk stigmata: how often do we change treatment strategy because of malignant transformation?

Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.1080/00365521.2016.1179338 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 51 (9) ◽

pp. 1138-1143 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Selma J. Lekkerkerker ◽

Marc G. Besselink ◽

Olivier R. Busch ◽

Frederike Dijk ◽

Marc R. Engelbrecht ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Malignant Transformation ◽

Treatment Strategy ◽

Pancreatic Cysts ◽

Long Term Follow Up

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MAb DAS-1, a Monoclonal Antibody Reactive Against a Colonic Phenotype, is Specific for Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm (IPMN) With a High Risk for Malignant Transformation

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(11)60214-x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 140 (5) ◽

pp. S-53

Author(s):

Koushik K. Das ◽

Kiron M. Das ◽

Martha B. Pitman ◽

Mari Mino-Kenudson

Keyword(s):

Monoclonal Antibody ◽

High Risk ◽

Malignant Transformation ◽

Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm ◽

Mucinous Neoplasm

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Incorporation of differentiated dysplasia improves prediction of oral leukoplakia at increased risk of malignant progression

Modern Pathology ◽

10.1038/s41379-019-0444-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (6) ◽

pp. 1033-1040 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Leon J. Wils ◽

Jos B. Poell ◽

Ilkay Evren ◽

Marit S. Koopman ◽

Elisabeth R. E. A. Brouns ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

World Health Organization ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Malignant Transformation ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Malignant Progression ◽

Oral Leukoplakia ◽

World Health ◽

Oral Lesions ◽

Health Organization

AbstractOral leukoplakia is the most common oral potentially malignant disorder with a malignant transformation rate into oral squamous cell carcinoma of 1–3% annually. The presence and grade of World Health Organization defined dysplasia is an important histological marker to assess the risk for malignant transformation, but is not sufficiently accurate to personalize treatment and surveillance. Differentiated dysplasia, known from differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, is hitherto not used in oral dysplasia grading. We hypothesized that assessing differentiated dysplasia besides World Health Organization defined (classic) dysplasia will improve risk assessment of malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia. We investigated a retrospective cohort consisting of 84 oral leukoplakia patients. Biopsies were assessed for dysplasia presence and grade, and the expression of keratins 13 (CK13) and 17, known to be dysregulated in dysplastic vulvar mucosa. In dysplastic oral lesions, differentiated dysplasia is as common as classic dysplasia. In 25 out of 84 (30%) patients, squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract developed during follow-up. Considering only classic dysplasia, 11 out of 56 (20%) patients with nondysplastic lesions progressed. With the incorporation of differentiated dysplasia, only 2 out of 30 (7%) patients with nondysplastic lesions progressed. The risk of progression increased from 3.26 (Hazard ratio, p = 0.002) when only classic dysplasia is considered to 7.43 (Hazard ratio, p = 0.001) when classic and differentiated dysplasia are combined. Loss of CK13, combined with presence of dysplasia, is associated with greater risk of malignant progression (p = 0.006). This study demonstrates that differentiated dysplasia should be recognized as a separate type of dysplasia in the oral mucosa and that its distinction from classic dysplasia is of pathological and clinical significance since it is a strong (co)prognostic histopathological marker for oral malignant transformation. In oral lesions without dysplasia and retained CK13 staining the risk for progression is very low.

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Serrated adenoma of stomach: A premalignancy?

Asian Journal of Oncology ◽

10.4103/2454-6798.173408 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 01 (02) ◽

pp. 112-114

Author(s):

Divya Ail ◽

Hemamaheswari Kumar ◽

Geetha Prakash ◽

Preethi Selva ◽

J. Nagalakshmi

Keyword(s):

Young Adult ◽

High Risk ◽

Malignant Transformation ◽

Adult Male ◽

Immunohistochemical Staining ◽

The Elderly ◽

Serrated Adenoma ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Very High

ABSTRACTSerrated adenoma is a newly described entity in the group of gastric adenomas. Until date only 20 cases of gastric serrated adenoma have been reported. It is an important entity to be diagnosed accurately as it has a very high-risk of malignant transformation, especially those located in the cardia of stomach. Serrated adenoma associated with adenocarcinoma is more frequent in the elderly, but pure serrated adenoma is common in the young, in whom follow-up is mandatory. Gastric serrated adenoma has distinct location, definite histomorphology and characteristic Ki-67 immunohistochemical staining. Ki-67 staining helps to differentiated pure serrated adenoma from those associated with adenocarcinoma. We present a young adult male, incidentally detected to have gastric serrated adenoma.

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