scholarly journals DNA Methylation Patterns in Saliva of Tobacco users with High-Risk Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
Mimansha Patel ◽  
Madhuri Nitin Gawande ◽  
Minal Shashikant Chaudhary ◽  
Alka Harish Hande
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Promoter Methylation ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Methylation Patterns

Background: “Oral Potentially Malignant Disorder (OPMD)” is a well-known symptom that, if untreated, can be carcinogenic. It includes leukoplakia, erythroplakia or erythroleukoplakia. One of the typical premalignant lesions of the oral cavity is “oral leukoplakias (OLs),” which frequently precedes “OSCCs.”OLs with dysplastic characteristics are considered to be at a higher risk of “malignant transformation.” So, early diagnosis of "oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs)" is desperately required to enhance patient prognosis and quality of life (QOL).As a result, we examined the distinctive promoter methylation presence in high-risk OLs. Objectives: To detect, compare & correlate “DNA methylation” patterns in normal individuals, tobacco users without disease and tobacco users with the disease. Methodology: With the participants' full consent, 48 saliva samples were obtained and prepared. DNA isolation, restriction digestion of genomic DNA, extraction of restriction enzyme digested genomic DNA, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and Agarose Gel Electrophoresis (AGE) were all carried out. Expected results: This study will help us to assess the use of Saliva as an aid to identifying both high and low risk “Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders.” Conclusion: Peculiar promoter methylation of various genes was related to a high possibility of malignant transformation in OLs.

scholarly journals The role of interventional surgery in oral potentially malignant disorders

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Squamous Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Management Guidelines ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Rising Incidence

Oral potentially malignant disorders are mucosal diseases with a significantly increased risk of squamous carcinoma development – a lethal and deforming disease with rising incidence, especially in young people. Despite the ability to recognise pre-cancer disorders in patients, clinicians remain unable to predict individual mucosal lesion behaviour or quantify the risk of malignant transformation. No clear management guidelines exist and the available scientific literature is unable to answer the fundamental question: does early diagnosis and interventional management treat pre-cancer effectively and prevent malignant transformation?

scholarly journals Comparison of the accuracy of diagnoses of oral potentially malignant disorders with dysplasia by a general dental clinician and a specialist using the Taiwanese Nationwide Oral Mucosal Screening Program

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0244740
Author(s):  
Tien-En Chiang ◽  
Yu-Chun Lin ◽  
Chi-Tsung Wu ◽  
Cheng-Yu Yang ◽  
Sheng-Tang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgeon

Screening for oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) with dysplasia in high-risk groups is suggested in countries with a high prevalence of the disorders. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of diagnoses of OPMDs with dysplasia made by a primary examiner (general dental clinician) and a specialist (oral and maxillofacial surgeon) using the current Taiwanese Nationwide Oral Mucosal Screening Program (TNOMSP). A total of 134 high-risk participants were enrolled for oral mucosal screening via the TNOMSP. A primary examiner and a specialist examined each participant. Mucosal biopsies were obtained and subjected to histopathological analysis. The OPMD most frequently diagnosed by the primary examiner was thin homogeneous leukoplakia (48/134; 35.8%), and in 39/134 participants (29.1%) the diagnosis was uncertain, but abnormalities were suggested. The OPMDs most frequently diagnosed by the specialist were erythroleukoplakia (23/134; 17.2%) and thin homogeneous leukoplakia (21/134; 15.7%), and 51/134 participants (38.1%) were diagnosed with other diseases. Via histopathology, 70/134 participants (52.3%) were diagnosed with dysplasia, and 58/134 (43.3%) were diagnosed with benign conditions. The specialist’s diagnoses exhibited a higher specificity, positive predictive value, and accuracy than the primary examiners. A specialist using the current TNOMSP for high-risk participants diagnosed OPMDs with dysplasia more accurately than a primary examiner. Early diagnosis of high-risk OPMDs is crucial in countries with a high prevalence of the disorders. Proficient examination via the current TNOMSP by trained clinician is effective for the management of OPMDs with dysplasia.

scholarly journals Clinical Review and Management of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders with Epithelial Dysplasia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Mohammed Abdulhussain ◽  
Ali Sami Muhsin
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Precancerous Lesion ◽  
Oral Lesion ◽  
Epithelial Dysplasia ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Oral Epithelial Dysplasia ◽  
Normal Oral Mucosa ◽  
Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant

Background: Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) comprise any disorders, tumors, in addition to any microscopic alterations that have a risk of malignant development of cancers of the mouth. When epithelial dysplasia is detected in an oral lesion, it is termed as a precancerous lesion. Finding: Several changes in the color or thickness of normal oral mucosa might be detected during the clinical diagnosis of the oral lesions. Leukoplakia of the oral cavity is a clinical name for one of the most predominant OPMDs of the oral mucosa. When comparing oral examination with naked eyes to planning to apply staining with special stain or using an image of optical fluorescence, the incidence of patients with oral epithelial dysplasia may rise, as well as the clearing of the lesion boundary. Increased size of more than 2cm2, the presence of colored regions with a red hue, the presence of lichenoid process characteristics, and severe epithelial dysplasia are all considered risk factors. One-third of premalignant lesions may progress to cancer, whereas the other two-thirds may stay stable or regress without progressing to malignancy. Conclusion: It is critical to research the patients' unique characteristics, which include psychological, genetic, dietary, and dental problems. When epithelial dysplasia is present in an oral lesion, it is termed a precancerous lesion. Oral potential malignant diseases with epithelial dysplasia may or may not develop into carcinoma and may or may not be recurrent.

scholarly journals Clinical Review and Management of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders with Epithelial Dysplasia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Mohammed Abdulhussain ◽  
◽  
Ali Sami Muhsin
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Precancerous Lesion ◽  
Oral Lesion ◽  
Epithelial Dysplasia ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Oral Epithelial Dysplasia ◽  
Normal Oral Mucosa ◽  
Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant

Background: Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) comprise any disorders, tumors, in addition to any microscopic alterations that have a risk of malignant development of cancers of the mouth. When epithelial dysplasia is detected in an oral lesion, it is termed as a precancerous lesion. Finding: Several changes in the color or thickness of normal oral mucosa might be detected during the clinical diagnosis of the oral lesions. Leukoplakia of the oral cavity is a clinical name for one of the most predominant OPMDs of the oral mucosa. When comparing oral examination with naked eyes to planning to apply staining with special stain or using an image of optical fluorescence, the incidence of patients with oral epithelial dysplasia may rise, as well as the clearing of the lesion boundary. Increased size of more than 2cm2, the presence of colored regions with a red hue, the presence of lichenoid process characteristics, and severe epithelial dysplasia are all considered risk factors. One-third of premalignant lesions may progress to cancer, whereas the other two-thirds may stay stable or regress without progressing to malignancy. Conclusion: It is critical to research the patients' unique characteristics, which include psychological, genetic, dietary, and dental problems. When epithelial dysplasia is present in an oral lesion, it is termed a precancerous lesion. Oral potential malignant diseases with epithelial dysplasia may or may not develop into carcinoma and may or may not be recurrent.

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