The Role of Philosophical Thinking in Teaching Controversial Issues

2014 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Philosophical Thinking

Prague, the Victorious May of 1945

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-91
Author(s):  
S. V. Kudryashov
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
Military Operation ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
German Army ◽  
Local Municipality ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Group Center

The article deals with complex and controversial issues related to the uprising and liberation of Prague in May 1945. Interpretation of the events became acute and caused lively discussions in connection with the demolition of the monument to Marshal I. V. Konev on April 3, 2020 by the order of the local municipality. The Czech Republic is also discussing the idea of «perpetuating the role of other liberators» of the capital – soldiers of the ROA division, which for two days (May 6-7) provided assistance to the rebels. Using new documents from the Central archive of the Ministry of defense of the Russian Federation, the author draws a conclusion about the limited influence of the Vlasov units. They, indeed, brought confusion to the German ranks, but early in the morning of May 8, they themselves left Prague on a rapid march. After that, fighting and negotiations between the rebels and the German command continued. The article emphasizes that the main goal of the Soviet military operation from 6 to 11 May 1945 was the defeat of the German Army Group Center. The liberation of Prague was only part of a powerful offensive by three Soviet fronts. Heavy battles for Prague did not happen, but the entry of Soviet tanks into the Czech capital and the subsequent jubilation of local residents became a symbol of the end of the war in Europe. The author concludes that the demolition of monuments to Soviet soldiers and commanders is a manifestation of internal political struggle in the countries where it occurs, and the Czech Republic is only one of these examples.

Hegel on the Nature of Scepticism

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 80-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietmar H. Heidemann
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Philosophical Method ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
Knock Down ◽  
Human Understanding ◽  
Early View ◽  
The One ◽  
Intrinsic Feature

In the Encyclopaedia Logic, Hegel states that ‘philosophy … contains the sceptical as a moment within itself — specifically as the dialectical moment’ (§81, Addition 2), and that ‘scepticism’ as ‘the dialectical moment itself is an essential one in the affirmative Science’ (§78). On the one hand, the connection between scepticism and dialectic is obvious. Hegel claims that scepticism is a problem that cannot be just removed from the philosophical agenda by knock-down anti-sceptical arguments. Scepticism intrinsically belongs to philosophical thinking; that is to say, it plays a constructive role in philosophical thinking. On the other hand, scepticism has to be construed as the view according to which we cannot know whether our beliefs are true, i.e., scepticism plays a destructive role in philosophy no matter what. It is particularly this role that clashes with Hegel's claim of having established a philosophical system of true cognition of the entirety of reality. In the following I argue that for Hegel the constructive and the destructive role of scepticism are reconcilable. I specifically argue that it is dialectic that makes both consistent since scepticism is a constitutive element of dialectic.In order to show in what sense scepticism is an intrinsic feature of dialectic I begin by sketching Hegel's early view of scepticism specifically with respect to logic and metaphysics. The young Hegel construes logic as a philosophical method of human cognition that inevitably results in ‘sceptical’ consequences in that it illustrates the finiteness of human understanding. By doing so, logic not only nullifies finite understanding but also introduces to metaphysics, i.e., the true philosophical science of the absolute.

scholarly journals Proposal to Structure Social Studies Course According to Toulmin’s Argumentation Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
İrem Namli Altintaş ◽  
Meltem Çengel Schoville
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Social Studies ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Educational Backgrounds ◽  
Teaching Content ◽  
Evaluation Models ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
Role Of Teachers ◽  
Scientific Framework

Argumentation Method, which is based on data, claims, justifications, is used in education when it comes to scientific and controversial issues. The purpose of this research, is to demonstrate how argumentation method can be used in social studies courses and to guide social studies pedagogy. Examples of activities related to how argumentation can be used in social studies courses, and suggestions about the role of teachers in the teaching process are presented throughout the research. The research emphasizes forms of argumentation based on reason, particularly the analysis of cause and effect in the analysis of human actions. Using this socio-scientific framework as the basis for social studies classroom instruction allows for meaningful in-class discussions concerning individual and global problems. In this context, argumentation can be used in teaching Content-Based Critical Thinking. In evaluating the use of the argumentation model in social studies courses, this analysis examines three interrelated variables: goals, educational backgrounds and evaluation models.

scholarly journals ROMANIAN HUMANISM IN THE PHILOSOPHICAL VISION OF CONSTANTIN MICU STAVILA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 889-895
Author(s):  
Frăguța Zaharia
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
European Context ◽  
Philosophy And Religion ◽  
The World ◽  
Romanian Folklore ◽  
Human Destiny

The present European context challenges us to approach the issues of Romanian dignity, humanity and humanism. The purpose of this essay is to emphasize the interpretative and explanatory dimensions of Constantin Micu Stavila’s philosophical thinking focused on the meaning of life and the human destiny, no less on the significance of the Christian personalism that the Romanian-French philosopher has cultivated it. Some questions arise: What is the role of philosophy and religion in understanding the meaning of life? How do we have to consider the human being and by especially the characteristics defining the Human within the Romanian culture? Trying to provide an honest, coherent and enlightening response, the paper is organized into two parts: 1. The mission of Romanian philosophy – attempting to demonstrate that the Romanian culture is integrating itself in the world-wide one seeing that there is an intimate complementarity of philosophy and religion; and 2. Romanian cultural messianism – developing an interpretation of the Romanian folklore according to the topic of the paper.

scholarly journals Kontribusi Fenomenologi Post-Subjek pada Metodologi Filosofis dan Teologis

MELINTAS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-79
Author(s):  
Hadrianus Tedjoworo
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Mutual Exclusion ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
Philosophical Discourse ◽  
Saturated Phenomenon ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Given

Givenness is probably an odd term in methodology, but not in phenomenology. The long history of subjectivism in philosophy faces confrontations from Derrida's deconstruction. This history also results in a sort of mutual exclusion between philosophy and theology. The concept of the subject becomes a problem for both, but frequently it is safeguarded for the sake of a more universal 'objectivity'. The phenomenological tendency towards phenomenon, more than towards the experiencing subject and more than anything regarded as object, provokes some philosophical focus on the emancipation of the phenomena. Marion pushes phenomenology to its limits, to the extent that he is suspected of undermining the role of the subject in contemporary philosophical discourse. He reacts to Derrida's deconstruction, which was also criticised for not offering a way out of the labyrinth from the collapse of traditional thoughts. Marion is quite consistent with his phenomenology, namely in offering a way out for the subject to be a witness, and reminds that philosophy should be more appreciative of phenomena. The term saturated phenomenon represents his philosophical thinking that can be regarded as a methodological approach to respect, and not to dominate, reality. Being a witness is not the same as playing a critic on reality. This could be a useful stance for philosophers as well as theologians in the presence of the phenomena they cannot master, namely, the given phenomena.

scholarly journals POSTRZEGANIE ZWYCZAJÓW ODNOSZĄCYCH SIĘ DO OBOWIĄZKU ZACHOWANIA POUFNOŚCI W ARBITRAŻU. ANALIZA WYNIKÓW ANKIETY PRZEPROWADZONEJ PRZEZ SĄD ARBITRAŻOWY LEWIATAN WŚRÓD POLSKICH PRAKTYKÓW ARBITRAŻOWYCH

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Beata Gessel-Kalinowska vel Kalisz
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Uniform Norm ◽  
Professional Group ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
Confidentiality And Privacy

THE PERCEPTION OF THE PRACTICE OF CONFIDENTIALITY IN ARBITRATION. AN ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF A SURVEY CARRIED OUT BY THE LEWIATAN COURT OF ARBITRATION AMONG POLISH ARBITRATION PRACTITIONERS Summary As with numerous other systems of law, such as Norwegian, Swedish or Australian law, the Polish legal system does not have a clear and uniform norm of law governing confidentiality and privacy in arbitration. Public opinion frequently refers to the role of custom as the source of the obligation to preserve confidentiality, although usually it does so without a detailed analysis of the subject and object of this obligation. This fact provided the inspiration for a survey carried out among Polish arbitration practitioners. The results of the survey present an interesting picture of what is subjectively perceived by arbitration practitioners as forming part of the confidentiality canons in arbitration proceedings. In principle, they reflect the worldwide trends, i.e. as far as the object of the confidentiality obligation is concerned – in camera sessions and the confidentiality of awards, and as regards its subject – the confidentiality obligation imposed on arbitrators and arbitration institutions. In addition, the customary practice of keeping confidential any information obtained in the course of proceedings is perceived as the right conduct as far as the object of the obligation is concerned. One of the very controversial issues is the matter of parties’ responsibilities, which leads to further questions as to individual arbitrators’ membership of the social (professional) group known as “arbitration practitioners”.

Introduction

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Power Analysis ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
The Third ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The One

This introductory chapter begins with a brief discussion of the importance of the concept of power in political science. It then sets out the book's three main purposes. The first is to clarify and explicate Robert Dahl's concept of power. This is the concept of power most familiar to political scientists, the one most criticized. The second purpose is to examine twelve controversial issues in power analysis. The third is to describe and analyze the role of the concept of power in the international relations literature with particular reference to the three principal approaches—realism, neoliberalism, and constructivism. It is argued that a Dahlian perspective is potentially relevant to each of these theoretical approaches.

The Well-Ordered Universe

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Free Will ◽  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Margaret Cavendish ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
Rule Following ◽  
Public Recognition

The prolific Margaret Cavendish (1623–1673) published books on natural philosophy as well as stories, plays, poems, orations, allegories, and letters. Her mature philosophical system offered a unique vitalist materialist theory of Nature as composed of a continuous, non-atomistic, perceiving, knowing matter. In contrast to the dominant philosophical thinking of her day, Cavendish argued that all matter has free will and can choose whether or not to follow Nature’s rules. The Well-Ordered Universe explores the development of Cavendish’s natural philosophy from the atomism of her 1653 Poems, and Fancies to the vitalist materialism of her 1668 Grounds of Natural Philosophy and argues that her natural philosophy, her medical theories, and her social and political philosophy are all informed by an underlying concern with order, regularity, and rule-following. This focus on order reveals interesting connections among apparently disparate elements of Cavendish’s philosophical program, including her views on gender, on animals and the environment, and on sickness and health. Focusing on the role of order in Cavendish’s philosophy also helps reveal some key differences between her natural philosophy and her social and political philosophy, where Cavendish tended to be quite conservative. Cavendish thought that humans’ special desire for public recognition often leads to an unruly ambition, causing humans to disrupt society in ways not seen in the rest of Nature. The Well-Ordered Universe thus defends reading Cavendish as a royalist who endorsed absolute monarchy and a rigid social hierarchy for maintaining order in human society.

scholarly journals The Rôle of Theory in Translator Training: Some Observations about Syllabus Design

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Shuttleworth
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Formal Theory ◽  
Translation Theory ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Specific Approach ◽  
Translator Training ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Generic Theory ◽  
Theoretical Component

Abstract “With doubts about the usefulness of translation theory never far from many people's minds, this paper seeks to consider exactly what it is that we are trying to achieve by including a theoretical component in translator training programmes. Within this context the paper specifically examines the possibilities of generic theory courses — in which students who are working with different language pairs and who probably have only a single language in common are all taught together — as opposed to a more language-specific approach. In order to attain the relevance that they purportedly so often lack, such courses need to set a fairly broad agenda for themselves, seeking if possible to address the type of questions likely to be uppermost in students' minds, expose students to a range of differing opinions on controversial issues, provide an alternative to standard dichotomies, encourage participants to arrive at their own strategies for solving translation problems, prepare students for work within the translation industry and demonstrate that translation is not an activity which is completely ad hoc and subjective. The paper furthermore suggests that every effort should be made to harmonise the formal theory component with everything else that goes on in the programme, so that theory is seen to be relevant to practice. Within this broader perspective one of the main purposes of this training component should therefore be to enable students to develop their own personal, internalised theory which will inform their developing performance as professional translators.”

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document