Law and the Modern State — Hannah Arendt on the Trail of Max Weber

Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
Marcella Coelho Andrade

O presente artigo, através de uma metodologia teórica e comparativa, analisa o tema da legitimidade do direito, com foco nos processos de validação discursiva e nos espaços de formação do discurso diante do princípio da Democracia. Para abordagem da legitimidade do ordenamento jurídico são utilizados os pontos de vista de Max Weber e Jürgen Habermas, em razão das nuances trazidas pelos referidos autores a respeito do tema. A respeito da ação comunicativa também é feita uma breve abordagem da influência do conceito de poder comunicativo, de Hannah Arendt, no pensamento Habermasiano. Delineiam-se, ainda, os alicerces da Teoria Discursiva do Direito e seus critérios de legitimação, bem como o alcance da razão comunicativa diante do discurso jurídico, paralelamente ao tema da democracia. Conclui-se que os procedimentos dialógicos de elaboração da norma são essenciais para os sistemas democráticos atuais, sobretudo tendo em vista a configuração pluralista das sociedades modernas, mas é essencial a constante avaliação dos espaços de participação existentes, sob uma perspectiva de potencialidade de participação, para que o procedimento discursivo alcance seu intuito de promover normas racionalmente instituídas.


2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (100) ◽  
pp. 77-96
Author(s):  
Paul du Gay

This paper seeks to indicate how and why public bureaucracy has been and remains a cornerstone of the modern state and of representative democratic governmental regimes. It does so by highlighting both the constitutive role bureaucratic practices and ethics play in securing civil peace and security, and individual and collective rights and freedoms, for example, and how attempts to transcend, negate, or otherwise 'disappear' bureaucracy can have profound political consequences. The paper begins with a brief exploration of some of the tropes of 'bureau-critique' and their historical and contemporary association with key elements of anti-statist thought. It then proceeds, in section two, to chart how attempts to detach an understanding of bureaucracy from its imbrication in critical polemic and political partisanship can be best pursued by revisiting the work of Max Weber. Weber's great achievement, it will be argued, was to provide a definitive analysis of both the 'technical' and ethico-cultural attributes of public bureaucracy without falling into pejorative critique. In so doing, Weber's work provides a useful resource for exploring the limits and pitfalls of 'bureau-critique' historically and contemporaneously. The problems identified with politically partisan and critique- oriented understandings of public bureaucracy identified in the first two sections of the paper are then illustrated in section three with direct reference to specific episodes in German, US, and British political history. The paper concludes by re-emphasising the enduring significance and political positivity of the ethos of bureaucratic office-holding, not least in the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.


2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-91
Author(s):  
William J. Novak
Keyword(s):  

The State is a difficult concept. Listen to two of the foremost social theorists of our age articulate its historic elusiveness.


Author(s):  
Duncan Kelly

In discussing the notion of ‘personality’ in the work of Max Weber, this chapter suggests that he developed a language of the worthwhile modern personality influenced by Friedrich Nietzsche. It argues that Weber's ‘central question’ was indeed a political one, concerned with the tense relationship between the life-conduct of the modern personality and the particular ‘orders of life’ into which individuals are placed. As an account of the nature of modernity, this is of special importance when linked to Weber's discussion of the specific requirements of the political personality capable of providing leadership in the modern state. The chapter reconstructs a guiding political theme within Weber's oeuvre, and focuses less on the state and a state ‘tradition’ than the other discussions in the book.


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