Democracy and the politics of the extraordinary: Max Weber, Carl Schmitt, and Hannah Arendt

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (06) ◽  
pp. 46-3519-46-3519
Keyword(s):  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Auer

AbstractThe European Union is caught between technocracy and the politics of the exception, eroding in the process the very political sphere that makes democracy work. Partly a cause of this erosion and partly an effect, the EU retreats into the ‘rule of rules’ when faced with what are, in fact, profoundly political problems. Whether it be in response to the eurozone crisis, EU–Russia–Ukraine relations or the influx of refugees, the EU's policies led to conflicts over geopolitics, sovereignty and redistribution. Its apolitical responses were as ubiquitous as they were inadequate. They reflect Germany's preference for consensual politics, which is paradoxically enforced by Angela Merkel's dictum about there being ‘no alternative’. In order to think of alternatives to the Europe that exists, we need to revive ‘the political’, theorized by the likes of Carl Schmitt, Max Weber and Hannah Arendt at times when democracy was under duress.


2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
Niklas Olsen
Keyword(s):  

Jan Eike Dunkhase, ed., Reinhart Koselleck/Carl Schmitt: Der Briefwechsel 1953–1983 [Reinhart Koselleck/Carl Schmitt: The correspondence 1953–1983] (Berlin: Suhrkamp Verlag, 2019), 459 pp. Sebastian Huhnholz, Von Carl Schmitt zu Hannah Arendt? Heidelberger Entstehungsspuren und bundesrepublikanische Liberalisierungsschichten von Reinhart Kosellecks “Kritik und Krise” [From Carl Schmitt to Hannah Arendt? On the Heidelbergian genesis and the West German liberalization layers of Reinhart Koselleck's “Kritik und Krise”] (Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 2019), 172 pp.


Stan Rzeczy ◽  
2011 ◽  
pp. 165-179
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Szawiel
Keyword(s):  

Zasadniczą tezą tekstu jest stwierdzenie, że obecność filozofii ujawnia się w naukach na zasadniczo dwóch poziomach. Pierwszy to paradygmatyczne osiągnięcia, najogólniejsze założenia teoretyczne oraz pojęciowość, która wyznacza przedmiot i problematykę badań. Przykładem takich osiągnięć jest nowożytna nauka (Galileusz), nowożytna filozofia społeczna (Hobbes), teorie procesów dziejowych (Max Weber, Carl Schmitt). Dla tego rodzaju najogólniejszych, paradygmatycznych osiągnięć charakterystyczna jest współpierwotność filozofii i nauki, co wyklucza możliwość planowania i kontroli „spotkania” filozofii z nauką. Drugi poziom dotyczy wewnętrznych problemów nauk społecznych, kiedy dane podejście lub teoria przestają pełnić rolę skutecznych narzędzi badawczych, lub kiedy pytania badawcze wiodą do punktu, w którym nie istnieją odpowiedzi w ramach danego podejścia. Wówczas pojawia się miejsce na refleksję filozoficzną. W końcowej części wskazuje się możliwości i ograniczenia wiążące się ze świadomymi praktykami kształtowania obecności filozofii w naukach społecznych.


Author(s):  
Marcella Coelho Andrade

O presente artigo, através de uma metodologia teórica e comparativa, analisa o tema da legitimidade do direito, com foco nos processos de validação discursiva e nos espaços de formação do discurso diante do princípio da Democracia. Para abordagem da legitimidade do ordenamento jurídico são utilizados os pontos de vista de Max Weber e Jürgen Habermas, em razão das nuances trazidas pelos referidos autores a respeito do tema. A respeito da ação comunicativa também é feita uma breve abordagem da influência do conceito de poder comunicativo, de Hannah Arendt, no pensamento Habermasiano. Delineiam-se, ainda, os alicerces da Teoria Discursiva do Direito e seus critérios de legitimação, bem como o alcance da razão comunicativa diante do discurso jurídico, paralelamente ao tema da democracia. Conclui-se que os procedimentos dialógicos de elaboração da norma são essenciais para os sistemas democráticos atuais, sobretudo tendo em vista a configuração pluralista das sociedades modernas, mas é essencial a constante avaliação dos espaços de participação existentes, sob uma perspectiva de potencialidade de participação, para que o procedimento discursivo alcance seu intuito de promover normas racionalmente instituídas.


2019 ◽  
pp. 23-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blake Emerson

This chapter describes German state theory in the nineteenth and twentieth century. It describes this tradition in order to clarify the relevance of German ideas to the American context. American political scientists and legal scholars frequently rely on German thinkers such as Max Weber and Carl Schmitt to understand the state. But these divergent assessments lack a grounding in the longer trajectory and the institutional dilemmas of German legal theory. The chapter provides that broader context and directs readers’ attention to the most promising strand of German thought: the philosophy of G.W.F. Hegel. Hegel would have formative significance for the Progressive thinkers who developed the American administrative state. Hegel understood the state’s purpose to be the advancement of freedom. The chapter contextualizes this idea and shows its influence throughout the nineteenth century, in the Rechtsstaat theories of Robert von Mohl, Lorenz von Stein, and Rudolf von Gneist. It then shows how this normative concept of the state was emptied out with the turn to legal positivism at the end of the century. Weber’s formal-rational conception of bureaucracy then arrived at a particularly unstable moment in German constitutional history, in the transition from monarchy to democracy. Weber’s bifurcated conception of legal and charismatic authority paved the way for Schmitt’s proto-totalitarian theory of the state. The chapter concludes by showing how German theorists in the second half of the twentieth century, such as Jürgen Habermas, continued to rely on Weber’s instrumental conception of bureaucracy.


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