scholarly journals A study on cognitive functioning by persuit eye movement and reaction time for visual target

1996 ◽  
Vol 32 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 234-235
Author(s):  
Sizuko YAMADA ◽  
Toshiya SHIMIZU ◽  
Makoto TAKAGI ◽  
Kiyoyuki YAMAZAKI ◽  
Katsuro OKAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Visual Target

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Daily Rapid-Eye Movement Sleep and Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 159-159
Author(s):  
Tiana Broen ◽  
Tomiko Yoneda ◽  
Jonathan Rush ◽  
Jamie Knight ◽  
Nathan Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Rapid Eye Movement ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Previous cross-sectional research suggests that age-related decreases in Rapid-Eye Movement (REM) sleep may contribute to poorer cognitive functioning (CF); however, few studies have examined the relationship at the intraindividual level by measuring habitual sleep over multiple days. Applying a 14-day daily diary design, the current study examines the dynamic relationship between REM sleep and CF in 69 healthy older adults (M age=70.8 years, SD=3.37; 73.9% female; 66.6% completed at least an undergraduate degree). A Fitbit device provided actigraphy indices of REM sleep (minutes and percentage of total sleep time), while CF was measured four times daily on a smartphone via ambulatory cognitive tests that captured processing speed and working memory. This research addressed the following questions: At the within-person level, are fluctuations in quantity of REM sleep associated with fluctuations in next day cognitive measures across days? Do individuals who spend more time in REM sleep on average, perform better on cognitive tests than adults who spend less time in REM sleep? A series of multilevel models were fit to examine the extent to which each index of sleep accounted for daily fluctuations in performance on next day cognitive tests. Results indicated that during nights when individuals had more REM sleep minutes than was typical, they performed better on the working memory task the next morning (estimate = -.003, SE = .002, p = .02). These results highlight the impact of REM sleep on CF, and further research may allow for targeted interventions for earlier treatment of sleep-related cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals Analysis of cognitive functioning during visual target monitoring tasks (2)

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 212-213
Author(s):  
Yoriko Oguchi ◽  
Toshiya Shimizu ◽  
Kiyotaka Hoshiai ◽  
Keiko Nagashima ◽  
Kiyoyuki Yamazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Visual Target ◽  
Target Monitoring

Visual-vestibular interaction during OVAR in the elderly

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Furman ◽  
Mark S. Redfern
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Visual Target ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Otolith Organs ◽  
Fixation Target ◽  
Visual Vestibular Interaction ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Axis Rotation

This study assessed visual-otolith interaction in healthy older humans and compared responses from older subjects to those of younger subjects. Using off-vertical axis rotation (OVAR) to stimulate the otolith organs, eye movement responses, measured using electro-oculography, were recorded during rotation in the dark, rotation with an earth-fixed lighted visual surround, and rotation with a subject-fixed fixation target. Results indicated that older subjects, like young subjects, exhibit a modulation component that was as large during rotation with a lighted earth-fixed visual surround as that seen in the dark and a modulation component during rotation with a subject-fixed visual target that was incompletely suppressed. The modulation component was, in general, larger in the older subjects. This study confirms findings from a previous study of visual-otolith interaction in young subjects and suggests that older subjects, like young subjects, have difficulty visually suppressing the modulation component induced by off-vertical axis rotation.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Saccadic Reaction Time: Effect of Task Modality, Stimulus Saliency, Spatial Congruency of Stimuli, and Pupil Size

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimpei Yamagishi ◽  
Shigeto Furukawa
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Locus Coeruleus ◽  
Pupil Size ◽  
Visual Target ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Saccadic Reaction Time ◽  
Auditory Target ◽  
Target Condition ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Stimulus Saliency

It is often assumed that the reaction time of a saccade toward visual and/or auditory stimuli reflects the sensitivities of our oculomotor-orienting system to stimulus saliency. Endogenous factors, as well as stimulus-related factors, would also affect the saccadic reaction time (SRT). However, it was not clear how these factors interact and to what extent visual and auditory-targeting saccades are accounted for by common mechanisms. The present study examined the effect of, and the interaction between, stimulus saliency and audiovisual spatial congruency on the SRT for visual- and for auditory-target conditions. We also analyzed pre-target pupil size to examine the relationship between saccade preparation and pupil size. Pupil size is considered to reflect arousal states coupling with locus-coeruleus (LC) activity during a cognitive task. The main findings were that (1) the pattern of the examined effects on the SRT varied between visual- and auditory-auditory target conditions, (2) the effect of stimulus saliency was significant for the visual-target condition, but not significant for the auditory-target condition, (3) Pupil velocity, not absolute pupil size, was sensitive to task set (i.e., visual-targeting saccade vs. auditory-targeting saccade), and (4) there was a significant correlation between the pre-saccade absolute pupil size and the SRTs for the visual-target condition but not for the auditory-target condition. The discrepancy between target modalities for the effect of pupil velocity and between the absolute pupil size and pupil velocity for the correlation with SRT may imply that the pupil effect for the visual-target condition was caused by a modality-specific link between pupil size modulation and the SC rather than by the LC-NE (locus coeruleus-norepinephrine) system. These results support the idea that different threshold mechanisms in the SC may be involved in the initiation of saccades toward visual and auditory targets.

scholarly journals Effects of sound localization stimuli on eye-movement reaction time

1978 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Downey ◽  
Leonard Brosgole
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Sound Localization

scholarly journals B-52 Improvements in Cognitive Functioning in Inactive Professional Fighters

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 998-998
Author(s):  
L Bennett ◽  
C Bernick ◽  
W Ng
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Objective Repetitive head injuries common in combat sports have been associated with increased risk for cognitive dysfunction. Interestingly, the Professional Fighter’s Brain Health Study (PFBHS) team has observed improvements in fighters’ cognitive performance following their transition to inactive fighting status. As this phenomenon was explored, it was hypothesized that fighters’ cognitive performance will initially improve following their discontinuation of fighting. Methods Longitudinal demographic, fighting history, and cognitive functioning data from 31 fighters who discontinued fighting during their participation in the PFBHS. Cognitive functioning was assessed via CNS Vital Signs and C3/iComet computerized batteries. Number of professional fights, as well as inactive fighting status, was determined using published professional online records. Fighters were considered inactive if they had gone two or more years without a professional match. Results Paired-samples t test was conducted to evaluate cognitive functioning in fighters at time 1 (actively fighting) and time 2 (inactive fighting status). When comparing cognitive function at across time points, performance on CNS Vital Signs measures of verbal memory, processing speed, psychomotor speed, and reaction time, as well as C3/iComet measures of set-shifting and complex reaction time, significantly improved at time 2 (all p’s < 0.05). Interestingly, performance did not improve across time points on a C3/iComet measure of processing speed (Trailmaking Test Part A). Conclusions Cognitive performance improved on most measures when fighters transitioned to inactive fighting status. Given the limited sample size, future analysis is necessary to evaluate the relationship between fighting status and cognitive performance in a larger sample size.

Complexity-Based Analysis of the Relation Between Fractal Visual Stimuli and Fractal Eye Movements

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (03) ◽  
pp. 1950012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedieh Alipour ◽  
Farzad Towhidkhah ◽  
Sajad Jafari ◽  
Avinash Menon ◽  
Hamidreza Namazi
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Fractal Structure ◽  
Visual Target ◽  
Fractal Theory ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Vision Science ◽  
Human Eye ◽  
Field Of Vision ◽  
External Stimuli

Human eye movement is a key concept in the field of vision science. It has already been established that human eye movement responds to external stimuli. Hence, investigating the reaction of the human eye movement to various types of external stimuli is important in this field. There have been many researches on human eye movement that were previously done, but this is the first study to show a relation between the complex structure of human eye movement and the complex structure of static visual stimulus. Fractal theory was implemented and we showed that the fractal dynamics of the human eye movement is related to the fractal structure of visual target as stimulus. The outcome of this research provides new platforms to scientists to further investigate on the relation between eye movement and other applied stimuli.

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