Prophylactic administration of recombinant human thrombopoietin attenuates XELOX or SOX regimen-induced thrombocytopaenia

Object. The hydroxyl radical scavenger (±)-N,N′-propylenedinicotinamide (AVS) has been shown to ameliorate the occurrence of vasospasm following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and to reduce the incidence of delayed ischemic neurological deficits (DINDs) in patients with SAH. The authors investigated whether prophylactic administration of AVS could improve cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral glucose utilization (CGU) following SAH in rats.Methods. Anesthetized rats were subjected to intracisternal injection of blood (SAH group) or saline (control group). Either AVS (1 mg/kg/min) or saline (vehicle group) was continuously injected into the rat femoral vein. Forty-eight hours later, positron emission tomography scanning was used with the tracers 15O-H2O and 18F-2-fluoro-d-glucose to analyze quantitatively CBF and CGU, respectively, in the frontoparietal and occipital regions (12 regions of interest/group).In SAH rats receiving only vehicle, CBF decreased significantly (p < 0.05, Tukey's test) and CGU tended to decrease, compared with values obtained in control (non-SAH) rats receiving vehicle. In rats that were subjected to SAH, administration of AVS significantly (p < 0.05, Tukey's test) improved CBF and CGU in both the frontoparietal and occipital regions compared with administration of vehicle alone.Conclusions. Prophylactic administration of AVS improves CBF and CGU in the rat brain subjected to SAH, and can be a good pharmacological treatment for the prevention of DINDs following SAH.

Download Full-text

Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin Treatment Promotes Hematopoiesis Recovery in Patients with Severe Aplastic Anemia Receiving Immunosuppressive Therapy

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/597293 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Huaquan Wang ◽

Qi’e Dong ◽

Rong Fu ◽

Wen Qu ◽

Erbao Ruan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Aplastic Anemia ◽

Immunosuppressive Therapy ◽

Severe Aplastic Anemia ◽

Red Blood Cell Transfusion ◽

Overall Survival Rate ◽

Normal Range ◽

Hematologic Response ◽

Transfusion Independence ◽

Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin

Objective. To assess the effectiveness of recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) in severe aplastic anemia (SAA) patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy (IST).Methods. Eighty-eight SAA patients receiving IST from January 2007 to December 2012 were included in this retrospective analysis. Of these, 40 subjects received rhTPO treatment (15000 U, subcutaneously, three times a week). rhTPO treatment was discontinued when the platelet count returned to normal range. Hematologic response, bone marrow megakaryocyte recovery, and time to transfusion independence were compared.Results. Hematologic response was achieved in 42.5%, 62.5%, and 67.5% of patients receiving rhTPO and 22.9%, 41.6%, and 47.9% of patients not receiving rhTPO at 3, 6, and 9 months after treatment, respectively (P= 0.0665,P= 0.0579, andP= 0.0847, resp.). Subjects receiving rhTPO presented an elevated number of megakaryocytes at 3, 6, and 9 months when compared with those without treatment (P= 0.025,P= 0.021, andP= 0.011, resp.). The time to platelet and red blood cell transfusion independence was shorter in patients who received rhTPO than in those without rhTPO treatment. Overall survival rate presented no differences between the two groups.Conclusion. rhTPO could improve hematologic response and promote bone marrow recovery in SAA patients receiving IST.

Download Full-text

Activity of antioxidant enzymes in serum of rats under conditions of carrageenan-induced joint inflammation and prophylactic administration of chondroitin sulfate

Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Series Biology ◽

10.17721/1728_2748.2020.81.46-49 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 81 (2) ◽

pp. 46-49

Author(s):

L. Kot ◽

L. Yurchenko ◽

A. Shepeleva ◽

K. Dvorshchenko

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Blood Serum ◽

Chondroitin Sulfate ◽

Catalase Activity ◽

Therapeutic Dose ◽

Joint Inflammation ◽

Joint Diseases ◽

Nacl Solution ◽

Prophylactic Administration ◽

Inflammatory Edema

Among the diseases of the musculoskeletal system, the leading place is occupied by joint diseases. It is important to conduct effective prevention of these diseases in order to stop or slow down the development of pathological changes in the body. In this regard, an important issue is the search for means to restore joints. Promising in the prevention and treatment of joint diseases is the use of chondroitin sulfate, which is a natural component of the intercellular substance of cartilage. The aim of this work was to investigate the prophylactic effect of chondroitin sulfate on the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in rat blood serum under conditions of carrageenan-induced joint inflammation. The studies were conducted on white non-linear, sexually mature male rats weighing 180–240 g, in compliance with the general ethical principles of experiments on animals. All animals were divided into four experimental groups. The first group – control: animals sub-planar injected 0.1 ml of 0,9 % NaCl solution into the posterior right limb. The second group – animals received a therapeutic dose of 3 mg x kg-1 chondroitin sulfate daily for 28 days daily. The third group – animals were infused intramuscularly with 0,1 ml of 0,9 % NaCl solution in the posterior right limb for 28 days and for 29 days inflammatory edema of the limb was stimulated (animals were sub-planar injected with 0,1 ml of 1% carrageenan solution to the posterior right limb ) The fourth group – for 28 days rats were daily intramuscularly injected with a therapeutic dose of 3 mg x kg-1 chondroitin sulfate, after which on 29th day, inflammatory edema of the limb was stimulated. The total number of animals involved in experimental studies was 40 individuals. Superoxide dismutase activity was assessed by the ability of the enzyme to compete with nitro blue tetrazolium for superoxide radicals. Catalase activity was measured by the amount of intact hydrogen peroxide in the sample. Protein content was measured by the Lowry method. It was revealed that under conditions of carrageenan-induced joint inflammation in the blood serum, the antioxidant defense system is disrupted: the activity of superoxide dismutase decreases by 1,5 times, while the catalase activity increases by 2,1 times compared to the control. Prophylactic administration of chondroitin sulfate to animals with carrageenan-induced joint inflammation contributes to the restoration of the antioxidant system.

Download Full-text