scholarly journals Een verloren generatie van jongeren op de arbeidsmarkt?

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten H.J. Wolbers
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Entry ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Lost Generation ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
Labour Market Entry

A lost generation of youth in the labour market? A lost generation of youth in the labour market? After the economic crisis of the 1980s concerns have been raised whether the high youth unemployment during that period produced a ‘lost generation’ of young people. The same question has been asked recently after the emergence of the currently high youth unemployment. But how justified is this issue? In order to find this out, it is investigated in this article to what extent recent cohorts of young people are (permanently) disadvantaged by high unemployment levels at labour market entry. To address this question, repeated cross-sections from the Labour Force Survey (1993-2011) were used and pseudo-panel analysis was applied in order to ‘follow’ labour market entry cohorts during the early career. The results show that labour market entry in times of high unemployment has negative effects on later employment opportunities and occupational status attainment. However, these negative effects disappear after a few years in the labour market. These findings imply that the negative effects of high unemployment at labour market entry are not permanent, but diminish during the early career. All in all, young people experience negative effects of labour market entry in times of high unemployment, but these effects do not produce a lost generation.

Das deutsche Jugendbeschäftigungswunder

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Education System ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Market Entry ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
International Data ◽  
Labour Market Entry

AbstractThe unemployment among young people in Germany is one of the lowest in Europe. Notably, the relation between the unemployment rate among young people and the standard unemployment rate is rather low compared to other EU member states. How can this phenomenon be explained? We show, that the German vocational education system ensures labour market entry for many graduates, but also, that vocational preparation courses are extensively used by low skilled young people. If we reassess youth unemployment by the number of participants in such courses we obtain a “shadow unemployment rate for young people” which is in line with official international data. Therefore, minimum labour market qualification standards are often not met by young people. To ensure labour market entry for these persons, we suggest that apprenticeship pay should allowed to be differentiated by qualification. Furthermore, vocational preparation courses should be constructed in a way which leads the young people directly into vocational training with certified degrees.

Return to apprenticeships: a comparison between existing apprentices and newly recruited apprentices

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Speckesser ◽  
Lei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Entry ◽  
Minimum Duration ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Occupational Roles ◽  
Apprenticeship Training ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
New Entrants ◽  
Labour Market Entry

Abstract In England, half of all apprentices are now of adult age. Most of them—and many of younger age, too—worked with their training firm for some time before starting their apprenticeship. In this article, we estimate the benefit of apprenticeship completion making the distinction between groups of newly recruited and existing staff. To deal with sources of endogeneity resulting from apprenticeship completion, we exploit an exogenous change in minimum duration of training affecting apprenticeship completion. Our findings show much higher benefits for new compared with existing staff. Also, increasing apprenticeship training only creates positive effects for new entrants, but not for existing workers. Therefore, policy should aim to refocus apprenticeships to be a mechanism of labour market entry combined with education to provide access to and acquire competences required for actual occupational roles, but not as a generic mechanism to train existing staff.

scholarly journals Patterns of Labour Market Entry

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten H. J. Wolbers
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Entry ◽  
Labour Market Entry
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