A New Approach to Islamic Intellectual Tradition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Unsal
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Intellectual Tradition ◽  
New Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
Muslim Intellectuals ◽  
Islamic Civilization ◽  
Muslim Scholars

This article attempts to explain the state of contemporary Islamic Intellectualism. Additionally, it proposes a set of abilities, attributes, and responsibilities that Muslim scholars should possess to develop Islamic Intellectualism. To achieve this, this article first provides an analysis of the history of Islamic civilization, and the role of traditional Islamic Intellectualism in pushing the civilization towards new heights in the realms of societal organization, politics, culture, economics, and theology. Islam, as such, had experienced its first renaissance from the eighth to the sixteenth century. Today, the Muslim world is in need of a second renaissance. This is the context in which this article situates the ‘standards’ to which contemporary Muslim intellectuals must strive towards.

scholarly journals Nīshāpūrī Scholars in The Formation of Sunnī Scholarship in The Eleventh Century

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-462
Author(s):  
Mohammad Syifa Amin Widigdo
Keyword(s):  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Local History ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Legal Scholarship ◽  
Local Problems ◽  
History Of ◽  
Muslim Scholars

The role of Nīshāpūrī medieval scholars in the tenth-eleventh century in the formation of Sunnī orthodoxy has been rarely discussed. The existing scholarship focuses primarily on the local history of Nīshāpūr and other parts of eastern Muslim world or emphasizes more on the contribution of Baghdādī scholars in the light of the formation of Sunnī legal schools, which in turn is deemed as Sunnī orthodoxy, than their counterpart in Nīshāpūr and other cities in the east. Therefore, this paper attempts to show how Muslim scholars from Nīshāpūr contributed to the advancement of Sunnī scholarship in the fifth/eleventh century through a closer study of intellectual strategies developed and employed by Nīshāpūrī scholars to cope with their local challenges. They built intellectual networking and attempted to integrate legal and theological scholarship in Islamic scholarship to deal with their local problems, which interestingly shaped their distinctive contribution in the light of Sunnī scholarship tradition. By means of this attempt of intellectual networking and harmonizing legal scholarship (fiqh) and theological scholarship (kalām), they were not only able to tackle local problems but also equipped with intellectual means to push doctrinal boundaries within Sunnī scholarship in the fifth/eleventh century.[Peran ilmuwan Nīshāpūr abad pertengahan dalam pembentukan ortodoksi Sunni di abad 10 – 11 masehi masih jarang dibahas. Kebanyakan sarjana yang ada lebih banyak memperhatikan sejarah lokal Nīshāpūr dan bagian lain dari dunia muslim di timur atau menekankan pada kontribusi sarjana asal Baghdād dimasa puncak formasi mazhab Sunni, dimana lebih sering dianggap sebagai Sunni ortodoks daripada kawan mereka di Nishāpūr dan kota lain di timur. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini berusaha untuk menunjukkan bahwa sarjana muslim dari Nishāpūr berkontribusi pada pengembangan pemikiran Sunni di abad pertengahan melalui kajian mendalam pembangunan strategis intelektual dan karya dari sarjana Nishāpūr dalam mengatasi tantangan lokal. Mereka membangun jaringan intelektual dan berusaha mengintegrasikan hukum dan teologi dalam Islam dengan masalah lokalitas, yang mana kontribusi khasnya berpengaruh dalam tradisi teologi Sunni. Melalui usahanya ini, jaringan intelektual dan harmonisasi fiqh dan kalam, mereka tidak hanya mengatasi persoalan lokal tetapi juga melengkapinya dengan seperangkat intelektual untuk mendorong batas-batas dalam tradisi Sunni di abad pertengahan.]    

scholarly journals KONSEP IJTIHAD PROGRESIF ABDULLAH SAED DALAM MENGATASI PROBLEMATIKA KONTEMPORER

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-210
Author(s):  
Afifullah Afifullah
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Hard Work ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
World Today ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Islamic Civilization ◽  
Muslim Scholars

In the history of Islamic civilization, Islam once ruled the world with the rapid development of science and both naqli aqli discovered and developed by  Muslim scholars. The development of science reaches its zenith at the time of Abbasiyah dynasty centered in Baghdad (Iraq). The success achieved by Muslim scholars at the time it was not a coincidence, but derived from hard work and sincerity of Muslim scholars at the time. However, with the passing of time the development of science in the Muslim world was decline, compared with Europe  rapidly developing science (renaissance). Along with the decline of science in the Muslim world today makes Abdullah Saeed think hard to provide a solution to this problem, so he offered a progressive Islamic ideas with progressive methods ijtihadis, so that science in the Islamic world back to the point of its greatness

Shariʿa and State in the Modern Muslim Middle East

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan J. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
The State ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
General Role ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Muslim Scholars

The Islamic shariʿa is central to Islam in the minds of most Muslims and non-Muslim scholars. In many ways, the centrality of the Islamic shariʿa has increased in recent decades. Yet despite—or perhaps because of—this centrality, the precise, even the general, role of the shariʿa in Islamic societies is the subject of contentious debate among Muslims. Outside of and underlying such debates are more subtle and rarely articulated differences about the meaning of the Islamic shariʿa. In this essay, I will put forward a general intellectual map for those varying meanings. More critically, I will suggest that important shifts in the meaning of the Islamic shariʿa have taken place in the Muslim world, and that these shifts are closely connected to the nature and viability of legal and educational institutions associated with the Islamic shariʿa in the past. As the Islamic shariʿa has become disconnected from these institutions, its meaning has changed in some fundamental ways. Most important, the shariʿa is approached less for its process than for its content. And because the shift in institutions and understanding has received much less attention from Muslims, widespread attempts to re-create older relationships (particularly involving the relationship between the Islamic shariʿa and the state) in fact involve a deepening rather than a counteracting of the transformation in the Islamic shariʿa.

How Finance Colonised Aotearoa: A Concise Counter-History

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Catherine Cumming
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
The State ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Financial History ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
History Of

This paper intervenes in orthodox under-standings of Aotearoa New Zealand’s colonial history to elucidate another history that is not widely recognised. This is a financial history of colonisation which, while implicit in existing accounts, is peripheral and often incidental to the central narrative. Undertaking to reread Aotearoa New Zealand’s early colonial history from 1839 to 1850, this paper seeks to render finance, financial instruments, and financial institutions explicit in their capacity as central agents of colonisation. In doing so, it offers a response to the relative inattention paid to finance as compared with the state in material practices of colonisation. The counter-history that this paper begins to elicit contains important lessons for counter-futures. For, beyond its implications for knowledge, the persistent and violent role of finance in the colonisation of Aotearoa has concrete implications for decolonial and anti-capitalist politics today.  

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Fitter
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Social History ◽  
The State ◽  
Popular Politics ◽  
Measure For Measure ◽  
History Of

Introducing the relatively recent discovery by the ‘new social history’ of an intelligent and sceptical Tudor popular politics, incorporated into the functioning of the state only precariously and provisionally, often insurgent in the sixteenth century, and wooed by discontented elites inadvertently creating a nascent public sphere, this chapter discusses the varied types and fortunes of plebeian resistance. It also surveys the leading ideas of the new historiography, and suggests the need to rethink the politics of Shakespeare’s plays in the light of their exuberant or embittered penetration by plebeian perspectives. Finally, it examines Measure for Measure in the light of its resistance to the polarizing, anti-populist climate of the late Elizabethan ‘reformation of manners’.

scholarly journals ERASMUS AND JUAN LUIS VIVES ON RHETORICAL DECORUM AND POLITICS

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
KAARLO HAVU
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Political Rhetoric ◽  
Rhetorical Theory ◽  
History Of Rhetoric ◽  
Rhetorical Situation ◽  
Internal Development ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
History Of

Abstract The article analyses the emergence of decorum (appropriateness) as a central concept of rhetorical theory in the early sixteenth-century writings of Erasmus and Juan Luis Vives. In rhetorical theory, decorum shifted the emphasis from formulaic rules to their creative application in concrete cases. In doing so, it emphasized a close analysis of the rhetorical situation (above all the preferences of the audience) and underscored the persuasive possibilities of civil conversation as opposed to passionate, adversarial rhetoric. The article argues that the stress put on decorum in early sixteenth-century theory is not just an internal development in the history of rhetoric but linked to far wider questions concerning the role of rhetoric in religious and secular lives. Decorum appears as a solution both to the divisiveness of language in the context of the Reformation and dynastic warfare of the early sixteenth century and as an adaptation of the republican tradition of political rhetoric to a changed, monarchical context. Erasmus and Vives maintained that decorum not only suppressed destructive passions and discord, but that it was only through polite and civil rhetoric (or conversation) that a truly effective persuasion was possible in a vast array of contexts.

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