scholarly journals DESINFESTAÇÃO E GERMINAÇÃO IN VITRO DE MORANGUEIRO (FRAGARIA X ANANASSA DUCH)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordana Carolina Dal Maso ◽  
Amanda Luiza Volz ◽  
Jordana Caroline Nagel
Keyword(s):  
Fragaria X Ananassa

Introdução: O morango (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) destaca-se no Brasil pela ótima aceitação no mercado consumidor e pelo elevado valor comercial. Espécie oriunda das Américas pertencente à família das rosáceas, além de ser consumido in natura pode ser utilizado em processos industriais. Objetivo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a desinfestação e aspectos relacionados à germinação in vitro de morangueiro. Materiais e Métodos: Esse estudo foi dividido em duas etapas sendo a primeira voltada para desinfestação de aquênios analisando a concentração adequada de hipoclorito de sódio (NaClO – 2%, 4%, 6%) em diferentes tempos de imersão (5, 10, 15 e 30 minutos). Os morangos foram colhidos e os aquênios foram retirados. Após, os mesmos foram submetidos aos tratamentos de desinfestação e inoculados em Ágar bacteriológico, sendo mantidos em BOD para o seu desenvolvimento, com temperatura de 25 ± 2ºC e fotoperíodo de 16 horas. Para a segunda etapa, testes de viabilidade de aquênios foram avaliados através das porcentagens de germinação de aquênios armazenados com polpa e sem polpa nos períodos de 5, 15, 25 e 35 dias de armazenamento em ± 10ºC. Resultados: Os morangos foram colhidos, retirados 150 aquênios, onde 50 foram inoculados aos zero dias de armazenamento para testemunha e, o restante armazenados pelos períodos propostos juntamente com os aquênios com polpa. No decorrer dos períodos de armazenamento, foram inoculados em Ágar bacteriológico 25 aquênios do tratamento sem polpa e 25 aquênios do tratamento com polpa. Notou-se, no primeiro estudo o desenvolvimento de contaminações desde a primeira avaliação aos sete dias. Após o período de 42 dias, pode-se concluir que o tratamento com 4% de NaClO demonstrou 100% do lote sem contaminação. Conclusões: No experimento de viabilidade de aquênios, o tratamento com polpa demonstrou maior porcentagem de germinações (16% aos 35 dias de armazenamento).

scholarly journals Efeito de fungicidas em Colletotrichum acutatum e controle da antracnose do morangueiro

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 662-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAFAELA M. KOSOSKI ◽  
CLEBER FURLANETTO ◽  
CELSO K. TOMITA ◽  
ADALBERTO C. CAFÉ FILHO
Keyword(s):  
Fragaria X Ananassa ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum

Onze fungicidas foram analisados in vitro e seus efeitos testados em campo para o controle de Colletotrichum acutatum, agente da flor-preta do morangueiro (Fragaria X ananassa). Os tratamentos (campo) foram (dosagens de i.a/100 l): iprodione (75 ml), benomil (100 g), tebuconazole (50 ml), tiofanato metílico (70 g), prochloraz (100 ml), propiconazole (50 ml), mancozeb (200 g), folpet (270 g), sulfato de cobre (200 g) e chlorotalonil (200 g), em pulverizações semanais (protetores) e quinzenais (sistêmicos). Foram avaliados a produção de frutos e o número de flores com sintoma de queima. Nos testes de fungitoxicidade in vitro, estudou-se o crescimento micelial, a germinação de conídios e a formação de apressórios. Nos testes in vitro foram utilizadas as concentrações de 1 e 10 ppm de i.a. para todos os fungicidas e posteriormente testadas as concentrações de 0,01, 0,1 e 1 ppm para os mais eficientes, e 10, 50 e 100 ppm para os menos eficazes. Os que resultaram em maior inibição micelial em baixas concentrações foram prochloraz e tebuconazole e os que menos inibiram o crescimento micelial foram sulfato de cobre, clorotalonil e folpet. Para inibir a germinação conidial mostraram-se mais eficientes chlorotalonil, tebuconazole, prochloraz e benomil, e para inibir a formação de apressórios, chlorotalonil e benomil. Os resultados de campo diferiram parcialmente dos testes in vitro: prochloraz e sulfato de cobre apresentaram os menores percentuais de flores doentes (53-55%), enquanto benomil apresentou 100% de ataque. Embora prochloraz, seguido de iprodione, folpet e mancozeb tenham resultado em maiores produções, nenhum fungicida controlou a doença satisfatoriamente.

scholarly journals Antıbacterıal potentıal of anthocyanıc extracts of strawberry on Staphylococcus aureus assocıated to bovıne mastıtıs

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Jeanette Guadalupe Cárdenas-Valdovinos ◽  
Guadalupe Oyoque-Salcedo ◽  
Pedro Damian Loeza-Lara ◽  
Ernesto Oregel-Zamudio ◽  
Maria Valentina Angoa-Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Fragaria X Ananassa ◽  
In Vitro Growth ◽  
Strain Atcc ◽  
Sensitivity Tests ◽  
Antibacterial Potential

In this study, the effect of anthocyanic extracts of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) variety Jacona on the in vitro growth of Staphylococcus aureus associated to bovine mastitis was evaluated. Sensitivity tests were carried out on the anthocyanic extracts by disk difussion method (10 µg/disk-100 µg/disk), using the antibiotic Dicloxacillin® as positive control (50 µg/mL, 50 µL/disk) and percentages of inhibition of bacterial growth were determined. Anthocyanic extracts managed to inhibit the bacterial growth of the strain ATCC 27543 and the isolated STA28 of S. aureus up to 54% and 40%, respectively. The results showed the antimicrobial potential of anthocyanic extracts of strawberry against S. aureus associated to bovine mastitis.

scholarly journals Biochemical and morpho-anatomical analyses of strawberry vitroplants hyperhydric tissues affected by BA and gelling agents

Revista CERES ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Mascarenhas Pereira Barbosa ◽  
Vespasiano Borges de Paiva Neto ◽  
Leonardo Lucas Carnevalli Dias ◽  
Reginaldo Alves Festucci-Buselli ◽  
Rodrigo Sobreira Alexandre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Fragaria X Ananassa ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Large Scale Production

In vitro propagation has become an effective practice for large-scale production of strawberry plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the hyperhydricity and the multiplication capacity of two strawberry varieties (Fragaria x ananassa Duch. 'Dover' and 'Burkley') propagated in vitro. Plants maintained in MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 BA were individualized and transferred to the same medium solidified with Agar (6.5 g L-1) or Phytagel® (2.5 g L-1) and BA at different concentrations (0; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0 and 3.0 mg L-1). Biochemical and anatomical analyses were carried out, as well as the analysis of the morphological hyperhydricity characteristics. The analysis of data showed: a) the increase in cytokinin concentration increased hyperhydricity frequency in both varieties; b) at concentrations up to 2.0 mg L-1 BA, the replacement of Agar by Phytagel® induced a higher formation of hyperhydric shoots; and c) the addition of BA induced oxidative stress, which is characterized by increased antioxidant activity and lipid peroxidation, as well as alterations at the cellular level, such as malformation of stomata and epidermal cells. In conclusion, the culture medium containing 0.5 mg L-1 BA solidified with Agar provided lower hyperhydricity percentages in association with higher rates of shoot proliferation in strawberry.

scholarly journals Potensi Trichoderma spp. sebagai Agens Pengendali Fusarium spp. Penyebab Penyakit Layu pada Tanaman Stroberi

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutia Erti Dwiastuti ◽  
Melisa N Fajri ◽  
Yunimar Yunimar
Keyword(s):  
Fragaria X Ananassa ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Fusarium Sp

<p>Layu yang disebabkan oleh Fusarium spp. merupakan salah satu penyakit penting tanaman stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa<br />Dutch.) di daerah subtropika, yang dapat menggagalkan panen. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mempelajari potensi Trichoderma spp.<br />dalam mengendalikan Fusarium spp. Isolat Trichoderma spp. diisolasi dari rizosfer tanaman stroberi dan Fusarium spp. diisolasi<br />dari tanaman stroberi yang mengalami layu fusarium. Isolat cendawan dimurnikan, dikarakterisasi, dan dibandingkan dengan isolat<br />cendawan acuan. Uji antagonis dilakukan secara in vitro dan in vivo. Uji in vitro dilakukan dengan metode dual culture dan slide<br />culture. Uji in vivo dilakukan di rumah kasa menggunakan dua varietas stroberi, yaitu Santung serta California. Hasil penelitian <br />in vitro memperoleh dua jenis isolat cendawan antagonis, yaitu Trichoderma sp.1 dan Trichoderma sp.2, dan dua jenis cendawan <br />patogen Fusarium, yaitu Fusarium sp.1 dan Fusarium sp.2. Isolat Trichoderma sp.1 memiliki kemampuan antagonisme lebih tinggi<br />dibandingkan dengan isolat Trichoderma sp.2. Isolat Trichoderma sp.1 mampu menghambat pertumbuhan Fusarium sp.1 dan<br />Fusarium sp.2 secara berturut- turut, yaitu 49,7% dan 49,6%. Isolat Trichoderma sp.2 mampu menghambat pertumbuhan Fusarium<br />sp.1 dan Fusarium sp.2 lebih rendah, yaitu sebesar 45,8% dan 43,4%. Mekanisme antagonis yang terjadi antara cendawan antagonis<br />dan patogen pada uji in vitro, yaitu pembelitan dan intervensi hifa. Hasil pada uji in vivo pada perlakuan Trichoderma sebelum<br />Fusarium menunjukkan keefektifan pengendalian paling baik (41,72%) dibanding perlakuan lain. Varietas Santung lebih tahan<br />terhadap serangan patogen dibandingkan varietas California. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini adalah, agens hayati Trichoderma<br />spp. lebih optimal digunakan sebagai pencegahan (preventif) tanpa menunggu tanaman terinfeksi penyakit layu fusarium.</p>

IN VITRO COLCHICINE TREATMENTS ON STRAWBERRY (FRAGARIA X ANANASSA DUCH) SHOOTS

1989 ◽  
pp. 191-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Predieri ◽  
F. Fasolo Fabbri Malavasi ◽  
N. Filiti
Keyword(s):  
Fragaria X Ananassa

scholarly journals Efficacy of resistance selection to Verticillium wilt in strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) tissue culture

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadwiga I. Żebrowska
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Verticillium Wilt ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Fragaria X Ananassa ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Resistance Selection

The soil-borne pathogenic fungus <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> Kleb. causes economic losses in crops in temperate regions of the world and hence is the most studied species. Strawberry (<i>Fragaria x ananassa</i> Duch.) belongs to plant species susceptible to <i>Verticillium dahliae</i>, although the response to infection caused by this pathogen is varied and depends on the cultivar. Due to a lack of efficient methods in Verticillium wilt elimination, the selection of genetically resistant plant material is a priority direction in breeding programs. Efficacy of resistance selection to <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> Kleb. in strawberry tissue culture was examined on the basis of response to <i>in vitro</i> infection by this pathogenic fungus in two tissue cultured strawberry cultivars, i.e. 'Filon' and 'Teresa'. Culture was conducted for 16 months in an environmentally controlled growth room at 18-20°C, 60-70% relative humidity and light intensity of 100 µm E × m<sup>-2</sup> × s<sup>-1</sup> on a 16h light / 8h dark cycle. Subcultures were proliferated every 6 weeks on modified Murashige and Skoog medium. Four hundred microplants from each tissue cultured cultivar were inoculated under <i>in vitro</i> conditions at the 4-leaf stage with a homogenate of liquid mycelium of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> serving as the selecting agent. Disease symptoms were observed at 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75th days post inoculation. The extent of leaf chlorosis was rated on a scale of 0-4. At day 75<sup>th</sup> post inoculation, the percentage of totally chlorotic plants in micropropagated cv. Teresa reached the value of 76.27%, whereas the proportion of such plants in inoculated tissue cultured cv. Filon reached the value of 89.40%. Also, the index of infection calculated for very severe disease symptoms in the subclone 'Teresa' reached the mean value lower when compared with that calculated for subclone 'Filon' (0.0962 and 0.1150, respectively). These results suggested that the micropropagated cv. Teresa exhibited higher genetic resistance to the selecting agent in comparison with the tissue cultured cv. Filon, and it was consistent with field resistance of both cultivars to this pathogen. Therefore, the procedure of <i>in vitro</i> selection used in this study was quite efficient to distinguish varying genetic resistance to <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> in the two examined strawberry subclones, and can be recommended as a suitable method for the estimation of susceptibility to Verticillium wilt in different strawberry genotypes.

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